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At Boulogne, Sir Jere Homfray, formerly of Llandaff House, elder brother of the late Samuel Homfray, esq. of l'enydarran, Glamorganshire, of which county he was a deputy-lieutenant, and a magistrate, and served the office of high sheriff in the year 1809.—In Chester, aged 15, John Owen, eldest son of Sir John Salusbury.-Edward Hughes, esq., son of the Rev. Richard Hughes, of Stourbridge, Worcestershire, and formerly of Gogarth, Merionethshire.-In Mill street, Aberdare, Cardigan, aged 68, the Rev. Thomas Evans, Unitarian Minister. He was the first Unitarian preacher, and the founder of most of the congregations of that sect in South Wales. He was a flannel weaver, and continued to exercise that occupation till within a few weeks of his death. In former years he had been in correspondence with Dr. Priestley, Dr. Price, Rev. Mr. Lindsay, Dr. Jebb, the Duke of Grafton, Dr. Franklin, and other persons of celebrity. He had suffered under the Pitt administration for his political opinions, being tried and convicted, (on the false testimony of an infamous neighbour, that he had sung the Marseillois Hymn,) he was sentenced, by the late Judge Harding, to two years' imprisonment in Carmarthen gaol.-At Ruthin, in the 74th year of his age, John Jones, esq., clerk of the peace for the county of Denbigh; a person universally beloved and respected for his benevolent and amiable disposition.-At his house in Russel-square, London, Mr. Alderman Waithman, one of the representatives of the city of London. The deceased was a native of a village near Wrexham, and born of parents of virtuous character, but in humble life. Losing his father when an infant, and his mother marrying again, he was adopted by an uncle, a respectable linen-draper in Bath, and put to the school of one Moore, a very ingenious man, the economy of whose school led all his pupils to acquire habits of public and extemporaneous speaking. Mr. Waithman was afterwards taken into the business of his uncle, and subsequently obtained employment in the same line at Reading and in London. At an early age, he married, and opened a shop at the south end of Fleet-market, whence his activity, crowned with success, enabled him to enter upon the capital premises at the corner of Bridge-street and Fleetstreet, where, in multiplied transactions, he always honoured the high character of a London citizen and tradesman. The questionable morality of the war against France, and the great social mischiefs which it occasioned, led him, in the year 1794, to submit a series of resolutions against the war, and in favour of parliamentary reform, to a numerous common-hall; and, on this occasion, he displayed those powers of eloquence which baffled prejudice, and defeated an opposition which had been organized by all the influence of the Pitt administration. This spirited measure, which was the first attempt to expose the delusion under which the war had been commenced, laid the foundation of his popularity and fame. He was soon after elected into the common-council, where, for several years, he was at the head of a small minority, till his perseverance and the gradual effect of annual elections, converted his minority into a majority, and for many years his mind and his principles, not his power or his undue influence, governed the measures of that assembly. The deceased Alderman was at one period of his political life subjected to various libels. At a public meeting formerly held at Wrexham, Sir W. W. Wynn, with much generosity and right feeling, denied the charges against Mr. Waithman's character, which his enemies had raised against him for base purposes. Mr. Waithman has been four times elected M. P. for London.-At Trewylan Hall, the Rev. T. J. Davies, thirty years a magistrate for the county of Montgomery.-At Tan'rallt, aged 82, the Rev. Thomas Ellis, treasurer of Bangor cathedral, and rector of Llanfachreth, Anglesey.-At Aberanthen, Cardiganshire, John Enoch, esq.

many years captain in and paymaster of the Royal Cardigan Militia-At Gellydowyll, Harriet, wife of Wm. Brigstocke, esq. of Blaenbant, Cardiganshire, and third daughter of the late Sir W. Mansel, bart. of Iscoed, Carmarthenshire-At Aberystwith, Miss Jane Nanney, daughter of the late Rev. Robert Nanney, of Llwyn, near Dolgelley.-Aged 60, the Rev. Richard Jones, late of Wern, Llanfrothen. He had been for 35 years an indefatigable minister among the Welsh Calvinistic Methodists. His exemplary conduct as a religious professor and a preacher was an honour to himself and the connexion to which he belonged. At Beaumaris, in her 84th year, Jane, relict of Thomas Jones, esq. of Summer Hill. She was daughter to the late William Morris, esq. of Llanfugail, in the county of Anglesey, and niece to the two celebrated characters, Lewis and Richard Morris; the former remarkable as a Welsh antiquary, hydrographer, and poet, the latter as having superintended the printing of the Welsh Bible.-At Pwllhele, much respected, John Jones, aged 66, brother of Mrs. Hughes, of the Goat hotel, Carnarvon, and of Richard Jones, esq., Morden Lodge, Surrey At New Orleans, of the cholera morbus, in the 23d year of his age, Charles, eldest son of Mr. R. Saunderson, Bala, Merionethshire, and publisher of a Welsh monthly periodical, called "The Gwyliedydd."—At Galltraeth, Lleyn, of a paralytic attack, the Rev. Robert Ambrose, Baptist Minister, in the 50th year of his age. It is melancholy to add, that his brother, William, whilst on his way to the funeral, had a similar visitation after he had proceeded from Bangor about a mile, he lingered for a short time, when he expired.-At Garthllwyd, near Llanfair, Montgomeryshire, in her 91st year, Mrs. E. Lloyd.-At Tanyrallt, Cardiganshire, aged 25, Mr. Reuben Davies, known amongst the bards by the name of "Prydydd y Coed."-At the advanced age of 103 years, John Harding, one of the members of the True Blue Beneficial Society, in Chester; who has received from three to four hundred pounds out of the society's funds.-At Ruthin, aged 69 years, the Rev. John Jones, M.A. rector of Bottwnog.-In his 80th year, Owen Owen, of Beaumaris, formerly surgeon to his Majesty's 6th regiment of foot, and latterly on half-pay of the late 20th dragoons.-At Beaumaris, Mrs. Martin, relict of the late George Martin, esq. of Stockport, and third sister of Sir William Bulkeley Hughes, of Plas coch, Anglesey.In Great Titchfield-street, London, Edward Young, esq. aged 55, formerly of Beaumaris. In the full possession of her faculties, at Corwen, Merionethshire, Mrs. Mary Edwards, aged 103.-At Bryn Edwin, in the county of Flint, after a few days' illness, Edward Lewis, esq. in the 67th year of his age.-Aged 73, the Rev. John Ellis, vicar of Llanbadrig, Anglesey.— Emily, infant daughter of T. B. Haslam, esq. of Castle square, Carnarvon. -At Erw Bran, parish of Llanddeiniolen, aged 90 years and a day, Ellen Jones. She was married in the year 1763, and her husband survives her. -At Beddgelert, at an advanced age, Mr. William Roberts, surgeon.Francis John Wollaston, eldest son of the Rev. J. W. Trevor, vicar of Carnarvon, aged 9 years.-Lately, Mrs. Jones, wife of Mr. E. Jones, winemerchant, of Aberystwith.-At Aberystwith, aged 62, Thomas Marriott, esq.-Aged 84, near Llanymynech, the ingenious, cheerful, and benevolent Mr. Robert Baugh; well known and valued as the accurate and perspicuous engraver of the great and small maps of North Wales, published by the late John Evans, esq., and of his own great map of Shropshire, together with the vignettes that adorn those elaborate works. The sensitive affections of mind and heart in this truly good man were at all times singularly alive to the playful and pathetic, and with such rapid alternations, that the writer of this short and transient tribute has seen him both laugh and weep in the same moment, at passages of Shakspeare, when read by their

now venerable friend, the amiable and elegant poet, Dr. Evans. He loved music in the depth of his soul most cordially: and to him the rich and varied tones of an organ were prelibations of heaven. He rarely ever omitted his sincere and really pious doctrines of gratitude in the village church, where he presided over the psalmody, which he enthusiastically accompanied on the bassoon. With happiness and length of days, heaven never blessed a kinder creature. Travellers have frequently expressed surprise at the excellence of the prints and maps at the village inns of Llanyinynech, and still greater when informed that they were all selected by the taste, and many etched and engraved by the ingenious talents of the parish clerk, the unassuming and merryy-hearted Robert Baugh.-Aged 70, much lamented by his friends, Wm. Owen, esq. of Upper Glandulas, Montgomeryshire.-At Glanfyrnwy, Oswestry, Harriet, second daughter of Thos. Brown, esq. of Brynllythrig, near St. Asaph.-At Tredegar Iron Works, after a few hours' illness of cholera, Mr. R. Stephen, father of the Rev. D. R. Stephen, of Swansea. At Cwmwysc, Breconshire, (the residence of her brother, Howell Powell, esq.) in her 45th year, Sarah, wife of the Rev. Watkin Edwards, Incumbent of Monknash.-Lately, in the 63d year of his age, Evan Symmons, esq. of Lantwit Major, Glamorganshire. He was much devoted to the chace, and kept the oldest and best pack of fox hounds in the county; and it was his highest satisfaction to make them a source of pleasure to the farmers and peasantry of his neighbourhood.-Ambrose Nickson Boodle, aged 31, sixth son of the late William Boodle, esq. of Llai House, Flintshire.

PRICES OF CANAL SHARES, AND FOREIGN AND
ENGLISH FUNDS.

CANALS IN WALES.

Brecknock and Abergavenny, 751.; Glamorganshire, 290/.; Monmouthshire, 1957.; Montgomery, 857.; Shrewsbury, 255l.; Swansea, 2001.

FOREIGN FUNDS.

Closing price, March 23.-Austrian Bonds, 953; Belgian, 88; Brazilian, 63; Buenos Ayres, 25; Chilian, 23; Columbian, 16; ditto 1824, 18); Danish, 74; Greek, 39; Mexican 5 per cent. 31, ditto 6 per cent. 37}; Peruvian, 16; Portuguese, 51; Prussian, 104; ditto 1822, 1034; Russian, 103; Spanish, 20; ditto 1823, 18; Dutch, 47; French Rentes, 5 per cent. 102; ditto.3 per cent. 78.

ENGLISH FUNDS.

Bank Stock, shut; 3 per cent. Consols, 873; New 3 per cent. 95; New 4 per cent. shut. CHARLES EDMONDS, Broker, Change Alley, Cornhill.

ERRATA.

Page 72, line 20, for t grey stone lies," read "grew stone by."

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14, for “spray,” read “dash amid the fray."

15, for this magic banner," read " thy magic banner." 74, 27, for "witching," read "her spells of witchery."

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7, for thy sunburnt forehead, genius binds," read " that round
thy sunbright forehead, genius, binds.”

18 of English translation, for" tumults," read "tumult."
20 of ditto, for "oppression," read " oppressor."
46 of ditto, for "assemblies," read "assembler."
laros llwydd," read " I aros llüydd."
power," read horrors."

47 of Welsh, for

18 from bottom, for

THE

CAMBRIAN AND CALEDONIAN

QUARTERLY MAGAZINE.

No. 19.-JULY 1, 1833.-VOL. V.

ON THE ALLEGED BARBARITY OF THE CELTS, AND THE IMPUTED INDOLENCE OF THE GAEL.

"THE Celts were of all savages the most deficient in understanding." They have been represented as "totally unable to raise themselves in the scale of society." "From every argument of ancient authority, and of their manners recorded by successive authors, and existing even to this day, the ancient Celts must have been mere savages;" and if any one has the least doubt of the truth of these assertions, they have only to take the advice of the author of the quotations, and view the people as they are to be seen in their cottages in Wales, Ireland, and Scotland!

The above, it is true, are the expressions of one who was the bitterest and most violent of anti-Celts; but there are not wanting many disciples, otherwise well informed, who have reiterated the sentiments of this arch-contemner of the Gaël, and who continue to speak of them as a people who are only beginning, in consequence of their blood becoming refined by Saxon intermixture, to relish the first stage of advancement from the state of rude and independent savages! The inferiority of this race is said to be constitutional; it is transmitted from their ancestors, and the attempt is vain to endeavour, of themselves, to surmount their natural disadvantages. That the ancient Celtæ, in Gaul or Britain, whose vices their descendants in Scotland are so confidently said to inherit, and whose rude and repulsive manners they adhere to with "a dogged obstinacy, which prevents their civilization," were not so deficient in mental ability, is admitted by Aristotle and Diogenes Lær* Pinkerton's Enquiry into the History of Scotland.

tius, who acknowledge that their boasted philosophy was derived from that people, and not imparted to them; and Cæsar, Marcellinus, Diodorus, Pliny, &c. bear testimony to their high advancement in knowledge.

A modern writer thus expresses himself:-"I am tired of always hearing the Romans quoted when the commencement of our civilization is spoken of, while nothing is said of our obligations to the Celts! It was not the Latins, it was the Gauls, who were our first instructors."*

A list of some of the useful inventions for which the Romans and Greeks were indebted to these "radical savages," not to mention their military proficiency and the profound depth of Druidic learning, will tend to shew the appellation harsh and unmerited. Chain-mail, flock-beds, soap, the tinning of culinary vessels, and lacquering of harness and other ornaments; the brewing of malt liquor, the beautiful manufacture and dyeing of cloth, a most ingenious mechanism for reaping their fields, and, we presume, corn mills, &c. were some of the Gaulish proofs of civilization which excited the attention of the refined and luxurious Ro

mans.

Of the moral virtues of the Celts we have abundant testimony in the writings of the ancients, who cannot be accused of flattering those whom they branded with the title of barbarians. All who have occasion to speak of them agree as to their piety, and the people who are remarkable for that feeling are always distinguished by the practice of virtue.

Nicolas Damascenus gives them high praise for the veneration they paid to old age, the dutiful respect which they shewed to their parents, and the brotherly affection which pervaded all ranks.§ Their open-heartedness and sincerity, their docility and ingenuity, were conspicuous. The British tribes were especially remarkable for their faithfulness and integrity, and for the facility with which they could conform to the usages of their politic conquerors.

The signal punishments which Diodorus tells us were inflicted on those guilty of high crimes, evinces the detestation in which they were held. The mulct or ransom allowed for lesser offences, the observant Tacitus found "wholesome to the commonwealth;" and of his favourites, the

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