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he did not like the air, was much surprised that he did not see a single tree on the island, and that neither cocoa-nuts nor bread-fruit were to be had. He took a lively interest in all the new objects which he saw; the Aleutian mode of living under ground did not please him at all; he thought it was better in Radack and Ulle, and asked us whether people lived so at St. Petersburgh? We gave him such a splendid description of that city, that he was seized with the greatest desire to see it soon. He looked at the large oxen with astonishment and fear; and his joy was without bounds on being informed, that the meat which we ate daily on board the ship, was the flesh of these animals. We asked him why he was so rejoiced, and he timidly confessed, that he thought we ate men, and that it might one day be his turn. Soon after our departure from Radack, he had been present when a barrel of salt meat was opened; he observed a piece of the ribs; he remembered the warning of his friends, not to go with us, because we ate the blacks; from that moment, the poor fellow regarded himself as ship-provision, and looked forward, with horror, to the moment when we should be in want of food.

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"The 31st of October, at daybreak, we took our course to Schischmareff Strait, which we reached at ten o'clock, followed by some gusts of wind. In a boat under sail, which we soon overtook, we recognised our old friend Lagediack, who, as soon as he saw us, made the most comical gesticulations in the joy of his heart, always crying, 6 Aidara, Totabu, Tamisso, Timaro! we were under full sail, he could not come on board; he therefore, contented himself with proceeding to Otdia, where he begged us to follow him. Kadu had resolved not to show himself to his halfcountrymen in the canoes, but to surprise them by his presence on shore; but his excessive joy frustrated all his plans. The Radackers were scarcely near enough to speak to him, when to their great astonishment, he sprung up, exclaiming, Look here! I am Kadu! do you know me still?' They then began a lively conversation, in which he probably told them the most wonderful adventures, for their long-drawn O-h! was frequently repeated.

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"At five o'clock in the afternoon we cast anchor in the same place where we had been before. Lagediack immediately came,loaded with cocoa nuts, accompanied by some savages who were strangers to us. As soon as he came on board, he gave himself up entirely to the joy of seeing us again; he danced and sung, ran up to us, embraced us all by turns, and, at last, took a wreath of sweet-scented flowers, which he had just twined, from his head, to put it on mine, continually

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continually exclaiming, Aidara! His comrades imitated him in every thing, though we were strangers to them. After the intoxication of his joy was in some measure dispelled, Lagediack came up to Kadu, who was a very remarkable person in the eyes of them all. They formed a circle round him, in the middle of which he was obliged to sit, and immediately words flowed from his lips, his eyes sparkled, and the faces of the audience strongly expressed the sensations which his long narrative had excited. We were at length obliged to interrupt the stream of his eloquence, which had already made him foam at the mouth, as we wished to know what had occurred during our absence from Radack.

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"On the 3rd of November, in the morning, M. Chamisso returned with Kadu, and I was disagreeably surprised with the news that the latter intended to stay here. It was but yesterday that he promised never to leave me, and this sudden alteration of his resolution was quite an enigma, which Chamisso soon solved. Kadu had learnt on shore that his little child in Aur lamented very much after him, ran about in the woods all day to seek him, and could not sleep in the night. This news had softened his paternal heart, and brought him to the determination of remaining here. He seemed still to struggle with himself, when he related it to me with much emotion; but when I, though with a heavy heart, as I really loved him, approved his plan, he resolved to execute it, and promised to rear our plantations with affection, and to call the different plants by our names.

Future navigators will therefore find, instead of yams, taro, and potatoes; timaros, tamissos, and totabus. Every one on board the ship would know from his own mouth whether he really intended to leave us; and he told to each, individually, how his child called "Kadu" in the woods, and could not sleep in the night. The separation was very painful to me, and I could only console myself with the idea that he might be useful here, and would not, perhaps, long survive in our cold climate. As he intended to leave the ship to-day, because we sailed to-morrow, we all collected presents for him. He looked at his treasures with mute astonishment, and was only afraid that the Radackers could not resist the temptation of robbing him. I did not doubt that Lamary, as soon as he heard of it, would not fail to take from him the greatest part, and to avoid this, left some very considerable presents for him also. The old chief of Ormed and Lagediack were not forgotten. Some hogs and dogs, which I intrusted to Kadu's care, were then put into the boat, and I accompanied him with Chamisso on shore, he having previously taken an affectionate farewell on board the ship. Lagediack received us on shore, gazed with astonishment at the treasures, which were spread out, and was enraptured at the presents given to him. Kadu's riches I had brought into Rarick's habitation, where he concealed them, and the islanders, who were delighted at the sight of them, were, perhaps, already forming plans in secret, for appropriating them to themselves. To protect Kadu as much as possible against

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such an event, I intended to make an exhortation to all the savages. Lagediack immediately dispatched two cryers, who went about the island, and made known his orders, that they should assemble. Some drums were beat, and all the inhabitants of Otdia, men, women, and children, were soon assembled. They were informed that Kadu intended to remain here, and that I was going to speak to them on the subject. The people, full of expectation, formed a circle, in the middle of which stood Chamisso and myself. Kadu, in the mean time, dressed himself in Rarick's house, probably to make a strong impression on the savages, on this solemn occasion. After we had been waiting for some time, he at last came

out of the house,

with measured paces; he had put on a white shirt, a sabre buckled round his waist which he held naked in his right hand, and his head covered with a straw hat. The Radackers were astonished when they saw him enter with a serious countenance with his murderous weapon, and he sat down with much gravity on the branch of a tree. The sun had already set when Kadu made the following speech, in which he had been tutored. I must previously observe, that Kadu, from our accounts, had formed a very high idea of the Tamon of Russia, of whom he told the Radackers a great deal. The great Tamon of all tamons,' said he, of the land of Russia, has commanded that Kadu shall remain here, to take care of the plants and animals left here by the Russians. Nobody dare hinder him on pain of death; on the contrary, every

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inhabitant shall assist him to cultivate the land, for which he is to be rewarded; though the promised rewards were to arise from their labour itself.' I also permitted myself the following fiction, in order to give more weight to the speech: A large ship will come from Russia in ten months, to bring the Radackers iron, and other necessary articles: but if it finds that the plantations are destroyed, the guilty persons will be punished with death! Let nobody venture to rob Kadu, or to do him any injury; this crime will also be punished with death. At the conclusion, I promised large rewards to such as should, on the arrival of the ship from Russia, come on board with their new cultivated fruits. Kadu delivered his speech with much dignity; the islanders promised faithfully to fulfil our wish, and, to make them acquainted with my great power, I had given orders on board, to fire, on a signal being given, two guns, and to throw up a rocket. It was now quite dark; I told the islanders to look at the ship in order to see the fire with which we would punish their disobedience. The signal was given, the cannons thundered, and the poor savages were petrified with terror; but the rocket caused still more alarm, which, hissing through the air, illuminated the whole island. Lagediack threw both his arms round me, and begged me to put an end to the terrific scene; but Kadu was much pleased at the impression the fire. had made, for he now thought himself secure against any attacks. Some presents which I distributed restored tranquillity.

tranquillity. We gave Kadu two copper medals with the portrait of the emperor; the one he was to wear himself, and present the other to Lamary in my name. He resolved to bury some of his treasures, and go with the rest to Ormed, to his old benefactor. On taking leave, Kadu seemed to be fully sensible how hard it was to part from us, for he cried like a child, and implored me to come again. The attachment of this good-hearted man moved me very much, but I was still more deeply affected with the universal lamentations of the savages at our departure. Lagediack kept close to me, and frequently asked me whether we would really return. Men, women, and children, accompanied us to the boat;

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CHAPTER III.

BELLES LETTRES, ANTIQUITIES, AND MISCELLANEOUS.

HE term "Belles Lettres" is so indefinite in its modern accepta

Ttion, that it becomes extremely difficult to characterize the

present state of literary advancement or retrogradation, in this respect; for, as Locke would say, we must define our terms, and we may then proceed to the requisite computation. In its most comprehensive sense it includes both the terms we have subjoined in our title to this department; and all the three, perhaps, were it not for the sake of preserving some uniformity in our volumes, might be absorbed in the general head-line "Miscellaneous Literature." We have before intimated that voyages and travels constitute the chief attractions to the reading world at present; at least so far as the solid part of it is concerned ;—we say nothing of the works of imagination which diffuse a charm and fascination over the leisure hour, and wind their romantic way through every region of society, from the palace of greatness to the cottage of poverty. It must be confessed this state of things is gratifying; because the encouragement which is given to publications of the superior order, to which we have referred, is not to that species which records probable and improbable, real and fictitious adventures, but to that which accords most with the genuine interests of knowledge, the advancement of truth and the improvement of the human mind: in a word, it is now the judicious and scientific traveller who finds the warmest welcome, and whose quartos (though we sometimes wish, for the pocket's sake, they were octavos) obtain the largest circulation. The copious extracts we have given in this department of the present volume, will furnish an ample illustration of this statement.

No works of any very commanding influence or standard excellence have, we believe, issued from the press recently, on the subject of education, which has, indeed, been previously surveyed in almost all its chief and essential principles, by writers well and long known to fame; nor have the languages any very considerable accessions of remark and investigation. The great principles of political economy are rather become party questions and subjects of stormy debate and contest in the public forum, than subjects of patient and private research; and they are understood and appreciated precisely in proportion to the bias which the individual mind has received, on the politics of the day. Rhetoric and oratory have received few illustrations from the press, or, we fear, from the ore rotundo of the popular speaker. The days of Pitt and Fox seem to have gone by, or we are at best but cursorily reminded of them by the gleaming and scintillating transmissions

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