sum was increased $1,000 each year until a maximum of $25,000 annually was reached. This maximum was reached in 1900.

The second Morrill Act, of 1890, providing for the further endowment of agricultural colleges, secures for the college of each State an annual income "to be applied only to instruction in agriculture, the mechanic arts, the English language, and the various branches of mathematical, physical, natural, and economic science, with special reference to their applications in the industries of life and to the facilities for such instruction."

The Nelson amendment of 1907, for the further endowment of agricultural colleges, provides "that said colleges may use a portion of this money for providing courses for the special preparation of instructors for teaching the elements of agriculture and the mechanic arts."

Under the Nelson amendment of 1907, which went into effect with the fiscal year ending June 30, 1908, the Federal appropriation of $25,000 for the agricultural college was increased by the sum of $5,000 annually until the total income arising from the MorrillNelson fund amounted to $50,000 annually.

The act of 1888 authorizes the President to detail an officer of the Army or Navy to act as professor of military tactics, and the Secretary of War to issue out of ordnance and ordnance stores belonging to the Government such equipment as may appear to be required for the military instruction of the students of the college.

The Hatch Act of 1887, establishing agricultural experiment stations in connection with agricultural colleges, provides:

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SEC. 1. That in order to aid in acquiring and diffusing among the people of the United States useful and practical information on subjects connected with agriculture, and to promote scientific investigation and experiment respecting the principles and applications of agricultural science, there shall be established under direction of the college or colleges or agricultural department of colleges * * * a department to be known and designated as an agricul tural experiment station." SEC. 2. That it shall be the object and duty of said experiment stations to conduct original researches or verify experiments on the physiology of plants and animals; the diseases to which they are severally subject, with the reme dies of the same; the chemical composition of useful plants at their different stages of growth; the comparative advantages of rotative cropping as pursued under the varying series of crops; the capacity of new plants or trees for acclimation; the analysis of soils and water; the chemical composition of manures, natural or artificial, with experiments designed to test the comparative effects on crops of different kinds; the adaptation and value of grasses and forage plants; the composition and digestibility of the different kinds of food for domestic animals; the scientific and economic questions involved in the production of butter and cheese; and such other researches or experiments bearing directly on the agricultural industry of the United States as may in each case be deemed advisable, having due regard to the varying conditions and needs of the respective States or Territories.

The Adams Act of 1906, providing for the further endowment of agricultural experiment stations, stipulates that none of the annual appropriations from Congress for agricultural experiment stations "shall be applied, directly or indirectly, under any pretense whatever, to the purchase, erection, preservation, or repair of any building or buildings, or to the purchase or rental of land."

The total sum, $30,000, thus received from Congress for the North Dakota experiment station must be used for the development and diffusion in North Dakota of agricultural knowledge. Only 5 per cent of the total sum may be used for any other purpose.

The Smith-Lever Act of 1914 provides for extension work as follows:

That cooperative agricultural extension work shall consist of the giving of instruction and practical demonstrations in agriculture and home economics to persons not attending or resident in said colleges in the several communities, and imparting to such persons information on said subjects through field demonstrations, publications, and otherwise; and this work shall be carried on in such manner as may be mutually agreed upon by the Secretary of Agriculture and the State agricultural college or colleges receiving the benefits of this act. The act further provides that no portion of the moneys received for extension work

shall be applied, directly or indirectly, to the purchase, erection, preservation, or repair of any building or buildings, or the purchase or rental of land, or in college-course teaching, lectures in colleges, promoting agricultural trains, or any other purpose not specified in this act, and not more than five per centum of each annual appropriation shall be applied to the printing and distribution of publications.

The act making appropriations for the United States Department of Agriculture for the year ending June 30, 1915, provides for franking privilege in connection with the Smith-Lever Act.

TOTAL ANNUAL INCOME FROM NATIONAL GOVERNMENT.

In addition to the income from land grants, the North Dakota Agricultural College receives from the United States Government for the support of the agricultural college annually, $50,000; for the support of the experiment station, annually, $30,000; for extension work, Smith-Lever Act, for the year ending June 30, 1915, $10,000; total, $90,000.

The sum received from the Government for extension work will be increased from year to year until 1922, when $52,607 will be received, provided the proportion that the rural population of North Dakota bears to the total rural population of the United States remains as it is at present. In 1922, therefore, North Dakota will be receiving from the General Government for the support of the agricultural college in its several departments approximately $132,000 annually.

STATE SUPPORT.

The Legislative Assembly of North Dakota has appropriated funds for the establishment and maintenance of the agricultural college and experiment station from time to time as follows:

1891, $25,000 for the erection of an administration building.

1893, $55,000 for additional buildings and maintenance, which provided the Mechanics Art Building, the men's dormitory, now Francis Hall, the farm house, and a barn.

1895, $11,250 for miscellaneous expenses.

1897, $22,000 for buildings and maintenance; a wing to a proposed chemistry laboratory was constructed, which was later moved to another site, remodeled, and used as a music hall; $5,000 to cover a deficiency.

1899, $27,000 for maintenance, and for a small addition to the Mechanic Arts Building.

1901, $18,000 for maintenance.

Authority to issue bonds in the sum of $50,000, from the proceeds of which the south wing of Science Hall was built, also two barns to replace one that had burned the preceding winter; and a sewage system was installed.

Permanent income for maintenance was established by an act appropriating annually one-fifth of 1 mill tax upon the taxable property of the State.

1904, $15,000 to apply on installation of a new heating plant was authorized by the emergency board.

1905, $50,000 for the erection of a chemical laboratory. Gift of $18,400 from Andrew Carnegie for a library building.

1907, $108,000, of which $65,000 was used for the construction of an engineering building, $6,000 for a greenhouse, $10,000 for a seed barn and root cellar, $2,500 for an implement shed; the administration building was remodeled also, and the armory was remodeled and enlarged.

1909, $75,000 for the erection of a women's building, Ceres Hall; $30,000 for a veterinary science building; $12,000 for equipment, engineering laboratories; $10,000 for an electric-light plant; $3,000 for sidewalks.

1911, $65,000 for a chemical building, to replace the laboratory destroyed by fire in 1909; $40,000 for the completion of Ceres Hall; $15,000 for the purchase of additional land for the college farm.

In 1911 the legislative assembly established a permanent appropriation of $25,000 annually for the support of the agricultural college and experiment station. In 1915 there was apportioned to the college $61,800 out of the annual tax of $347,880 which was levied for the maintenance of the State educational institutions.

The income from the State for maintenance, for the year ended June 30, 1915, was $203,642.10; from "local receipts," $135,740.35; from the Federal Government, $90,000; total, $429,382.45.

Up to June 30, 1915, the total amount expended for buildings was $554,800; for equipment, $315,730. The institution has in campus. and grounds 953.8 acres.

SUBSTATIONS, SPECIAL FUNDS, AND REGULATORY WORK.

In addition to the experiment station, the substations, and the enterprises usually committed to such institutions, the State of North

Dakota has created a number of special funds, investigations, and responsibilities, the administration of which is lodged with the agricultural college and experiment station at Fargo. These special funds, together with the provisions for the several substations, may be briefly summarized according to the provisions of the compiled laws of 1913, the date of the original enactment in each case being indicated in parentheses:

Section 1621 provides an annual appropriation of $5,000 for the maintenance of the subexperiment station at Edgeley, which is charged with the study of "agricultural, horticultural, and other problems peculiar to districts of the State where the soil and climatic conditions differ from those of that portion of the State known as the Red River Valley." (1903.)

Section 1622 provides an annual appropriation of $10,000, to be used for the further and better enforcement of the food laws, drug laws, formaldehyde and Paris green laws, the paint laws, and "such other food or drug laws as the said station may be charged with the enforcement of " by the legislature, and also for the dissemination of information through bulletins and reports. (1907.)

Section 1623 provides an annual appropriation of $12,000 for the purpose of continuing the 12 demonstration farms already established, for the establishment of not less than 6 nor more than 12 additional demonstration farms, for publishing the annual report of the demonstration farms and of the experiment stations and for printing additional bulletins, and "for complying with the provisions of the pure-paint law, Paris-green law, and formaldehyde law now on the statute books, and for making analysis of fertilizers and stock foods and for other experimental purposes.”

It is provided further that $2,000 of this amount shall be set aside for the sole purpose of installing and conducting demonstration farms near the village of McLeod "for making additional experiments with cereals, root crops, and tree culture, and for making experiments in the manufacture of denatured alcohol from by-products of the farm." (1909; supersedes an act passed in 1907.)

Section 1624 provides an annual appropriation of $12,000 "for the enforcement of the feeding stuffs, fertilizers, beverage and sanitary inspection laws, and such other enacted inspection laws as the food commissioner of this State may be authorized to enforce," and for the making of such investigations and the publishing of such bulletins and reports as are deeemed necessary. Section 2920 provides that the "director of the North Dakota Government Agricultural Experiment Station, or his agent or deputy," is charged with the enforcement of the provisions of the laws referred to herein. (1907.)

Section 1625 provides that it shall be the duty of the experiment station at Fargo "to conduct experiments and determine the comparative milling values of the different grades and kinds of cereals and baking tests of the flours made therefrom," and to obtain, tabulate, and publish such other information with reference to cereals and their products as may be of value to the residents of the State. (1909.)

Sections 1626, 1626a, 1626b provide appropriations for the work specified in section 1625, as follows: Six thousand dollars for building and equipment (1907); $5,000 for additional equipment, purchasing and collecting samples of cereals, gathering information, and employing investigators (1909); $500 annually for maintenance of plant.

(1907.)

Sections 1627 and 1628 provide an appropriation of $10,000 for establishing and conducting "an agricultural and grass experiment station," to be located at

or near Dickinson, on condition that a suitable area of land not less than 160 acres be donated free of charge. The purpose of this station is to make experiments with native and other grasses and forage products as well as other agricultural products, "with a view of improving and enlarging the supply of forage of said district and extending and increasing the agricultural products thereof." One additional member of the board of trustees of the agricultural college and experiment station at Fargo is provided for, whose "authority on said board shall be limited to the considering of matters affecting the substation provided for in this article." (1905.)

Sections 1629 and 1630 provide for establishing and conducting “an irrigation and dry-farming experiment station," to be located at or near Williston, under conditions similar to those prescribed for the station at Dickinson, including the appointment of an additional member of the board of trustees of the agricultural college and experiment station at Fargo. (1907.)

Section 1631 provides for an initial appropriation of $4,000, and an annual appropriation of $3,000 thereafter, for establishing and maintaining the substation at Williston. (1907.)

Section 1632 provides an additional appropriation of $500 for each of the years 1909 to 1918, inclusive, "for the payment of the charges for water for irrigation, including construction, operation, and maintenance charges," for the substation at Williston. (1909.)

Sections 1633, 1634, and 1634a provide for an appropriation of $10,000 for the purpose of establishing and conducting "an agricultural and grass experiment station," to be located at or near Hannah or Langdon, under conditions similar to those prescribed for the substation at Dickinson, including the provision for an additional member of the board of trustees of the agricultural college at Fargo.

(1907.)

Section 1635 provides that the subexperiment stations located at Dickinson, Williston, and Langdon, and such other agricultural subexperiment stations as may hereafter be established by law, shall be operated in connection with the North Dakota government experiment station at Fargo, and "under the exclusive management and control of the board of trustees of the agricultural college." (1909.)

Sections 1636 and 1637 outline the duties of the superintendents of the subexperiment stations, and provide for biennial reports by the superintendents "to the president of the agricultural college," which reports are to be kept separate and included by the board of trustees with its biennial report to the governor. (1907.)

Section 1638 provides an annual appropriation of $15,000, to be divided as follows: $5,000 annually for the support and maintenance of each of the three substations located at Dickinson, Williston, and Langdon. (1909.)

Sections 1639 and 1640 provide for the establishment of an agricultural experiment station at or near Harvey, "to make experiments with native and other grasses and forage products, as well as other agricultural products." (1909.) Sections 1641 and 1642 provide for the establishment of "an agricultural, grass, and tree experiment station," to be located on the grounds of the State Reform School at Mandan, "provided, that all necessary labor in connection with said experiment station, except the services of an expert, shall be performed by the boys of the said reform school under the supervision of the officers of said school, and all surplus products of said experiment station shall apply on the maintenance of said reform school." (1909.)

Sections 1643 and 1644 provide an appropriation of $10,000 for establishing and conducting an agricultural experiment station at or near Hettinger, "to make experiments with native and other grasses and forage products, as well