coat of very long hair that hangs down below its knees like that of the musk ox. This animal is a native of the southren parts of Tartary, and Thibet, where it has in part been domesticated a variety of it has been also domesticated in the higher parts of Indostan under the appellation of Chittigong cows. It is all over black except the mane and tail, and a ridge down the back, which are white. The hairs of the tail are very beautiful, and much prized over all India for fly-flaps; for which purpose they are mostly fitted to silver handles. In China, the hairs of the mane are dyed of a red colour, with which the natives form an ornamental tuft on the crown of their bonnets, so that it would be an article of value in our commerce with China and India.

This might be obtained from Calcutta.

In the above list I mention not the camel, which af fords a wool and hair useful in several arts, because it cannot be made to thrive in our climate: nor the Spanish sheep, because these have been already partly tried in this island, and are found to thrive equally well as our native breed, and afford wool in every respect: as good as in their native country; so that we have only to obtain some of the best of this breed, to perpetuate the kind here. Nor do I mention the bea ver, the otter, and several other fine fur bearing animals, which never yet have been thought capable of being domesticated. I have confined myself to such animals as may with certainty admit of being tamed and reared in our own climate. The list might be considerably augmented, but it is best to confiae ourselves at first to a moderate number, not to startle the imagination of those who have no great spirit for enterprize.

CONSIDERATIONS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF RECIPROCAL

FRIENDSHIP AND CONNECTION BETWEEN THE OLD AND THE NEW WORLD.

SIR,

By the Earl of B chan.

To the Editor of the Bee.

EVERY thing conspires to convince the rational and dispassionate mind, that this world, and the universe, is governed by an intelligent power.

Without having recourse to the Jewish scriptures, if we examine candidly the annals of more than thirty centuries that have reached our times, we fhall be able to trace in all of them an epic design not to be observed so manifestly in the structure of inanimate nature, though there also it certainly does exist, though it cannot be proved by the power of human reason.

This conviction, with a good education, is matured by the business of life, or what is commonly called the knowledge of the world; and in virtuous and well employed solitude, it is resolved and confirmed.

This consists with my own experience. It is my intention in the following lines to fhow, that a new situation has occurred in the arrangement of human affairs; and how it may be improved, in coincidence with superintending providence.

The traces of astronomical observation in India, are said to agree with a period of fifty two centuries; and with the Newtonian and received theory of gravitation, and consequent diminution of the inclination of the planetary Axis to the plane of their orbits.

Concerning this, whether a real fact, or an accidental coincidence, I fhall afsert nothing, I search only for what

Jan. I can be indisputably ascertained, and leads to fair, rational and beneficial induction.

Human society, and beneficial refinement, has undoubtly, within the scope of authentic history, had a progressive and visible improvement; and is still verging towards a goal of perfection, or towards a crisis that is unknown.

The wilds of America, and the remote islands of the South Sea, not to speak of the internal regions of Africa, furnish the contemplator of human society with abundant proof of the tardy progress of the arts of life, and of government among men who are not uniformly forced to associate for common safety and defence, and are not drawn into large communities in cities for social intercourse, security, deliberation and trafic.

When my eye glides over the mazy volume of history, it is arrested by the splendid appearance of empires in the east that have fallen under their own weight, or yielded, as they have done in all ages, to the hardy invaders of the north, or to the superior activity, fkill, and descipline, of the European nations.

But in none of these do I perceive any combination of the elements of social permanence, leading to the renovation of private or public order after they have been overturned by the successful invasion of a foreign power, or by the tyranny of their magistrates. Nor can I discover in any of them, the difsemination of useful knowledge, or of virtuous refinement among the middling clafses of the people; or any application of the principles of internal order and government, that was fitted to prevent the successful incursions of barbarous nations.

I see however, myriads of the northern Asiatics pushed from their native seats, in ages too remote for chronolgy to determine, and planting Europe, then full of lakes and marthes, and peopled with wandering men, yet more są“

vage and unsettled than themselves, whom they either exterminated or forced to take refuge in fastnefses, or in countries too inhospitable and barren, to excite either thefears or the jealousy of the invaders.

In less than a thousand years, I see the posterity of these oriental barbarians excelling in all the splendid arts of life, first in Greece, and afterwards in Italy; yet always continuing deficient in that social art which is necefsary to preserve and secure a regular government, and to prevent the difsolution of empire.

Neither do I find in Greece or in Italy during the times most celebrated by our poets and historians, any of that diffusion of social science, or elegant and virtuous refinement, which indicates a leaven that is able to mature and perfect the great mafs of the people, and to fit them for regular and good government, and for internal and perva sive police.

It is not a Hesiod, a Homer, a 'Pindar, an Aristotle, an Hippocrates, an Epaminondas, a Zeuxis, a Praxitles or au Apelles, that can so dazzle a wise and good man, as to prevent him from discerning that in the midst of all their splendid productions, these ancients were out-numbered in happy individuals by the Swifs cantous of our days, and by the infant states of North America.

Let any man of learning who is stunned with these observations read the Cafsina of Plautus: He will there see what wretched ribbaldry and obscenity was received with applause on the Roman theatre at the time of the second Punic war, when Rome is held up as in the zenith of virtue and of glory, by the admirers of the ancient republic.

2

If I were asked how it has come to pafs, that except in relation to China, the formation of great nations has been like the formation of mathematical diagrams on the

sand of the sea-fhore, I would answer that men have unluckily chosen sand and not brass for the demonstration of their political problems; but that wherever they have been accidentally inscribed upon brass they have been preserved.

The colonists from Great Britain settling in America, have furnished an example of what constitutes the cement for erecting the true and lasting edifice of government, knowledge mixt with virtue building upon the platform of real property and agricultural industry and simplicity of manners.

With that country, it seems to me, to be cf the highest consequence to Europe, to cultivate uniform peace and amity, and unshackled correspondence and interchange of inhabitants. For it is there that the mirror of true national grandeur and happiness is likely to be held out for ages to adjust the ornaments of European policy.

It is there that agriculture and internal trade is likely to furnish for ages the materials for unpretending, peaceable, and industrious communities; and for a market to friendly and favoured European nations, that can hardly be exhausted till Europe shall have learned the great efson of peace and of industry, of moderation and of virtue, leading to the perfection of society on the basis of agriculture and domestic affections.

Impressed with the view of the advantages likely to ensue from the wise administration of the Infant States of America, and reflecting on the great part which it has pleased the Almighty Governor of the Universe to enable Mr Washington to perform in the new world, I was desirous of contributing my mite to the exaltation of his character, as a medium of legitimate power founded in the opinion of the people. I sent to him a letter exprefsive of my esteem, and of my wishes for the prosperity of the