Retrospettive view of the affairs of Europe in the year 1779. State of,

the bellige; ent powir's in Germany. Event of the late campaign, isa
duces a disposition favourable to the pacific views of the Empress Queen ;

which are farther seconded by the mediation of Rusia and France. A
· fuspension of arms published, and the Congress for negociating a peace

alembles at Teschen. Treaty of peace concluded. Differences betweren
Rufia and the Porti, threaten a new wor. Negociation conducird,
and a neru convention concluded, under the mediation of the French mi-
nifter. Naval preparations by Spain. Opens the war with the facge
of Gibraltar. France. Consequences of the appointment of M. Nicker
to the government of the French finances. Successful expedition to the
coast of Africa. Ineffettual attempt upon the island of Jersey. Threat
of an invasion, and great preparations apparintly for that purpose.
Frerich first jails from Brest, and proceeds to the consts of Spain. Corr-
bined ficets of France and Spain enter the British channel, and appcar
in great force before Plymouth. Enemy quit the channel ; return again ;
at lengib finally quit the British coaj's, and proceed 10 Breft. . p. (l

CHA P. II.
State of public offairs previous to the meiting of parliament. VX

combination of power against Great Britain. Proclamations ; for re-
frizals on Spain; and for defensive measures in cale of an invafii.
Various manifellos, and public pieces, . iffured by the billigerant powers.
Some observations on the charges exhibited by Spain. Ojlenfible cailles,
and real motives for war, on the fide of the boule' of Bourbon. Ire-
land. Carfoi ubich led to the present state of affairs in that kingdom.

Come

Commercial, and non-confumption agreements. French iyuafor threate ened. Miiitary associations. People become strongly armed. Exemplary conduct of the associators. Prudent measures of government in that country. General demand of a free and unlimited commerce. Discon. sents in Scotland, under an apprehenfion of a' relaxation of the popery laws. Outrages in Edinburgh and Glasgow. Subscriptions for raising troops, and other public purposes. East India company grant bounties for raifing 6000 feamen, and undertake to build three ships of the line, as an augmentation to the royal navy, State of parties. Changes in administration. Meeting of the Irish parliament.

[15 i

CH A P. III. Speech from the throne. Addresses. Amendment moved in the House of Com.

mons by Lord John Cavendish. Great Debates. Strictures upon public measures in general, and upon the conduct of the preceding campaign. Able defence made by the minister. Amendment rejected upon a division, Amendment in the House of Lords moved for by the Marquis of Rocking. ham. After long debates, rejc&tcd upon a division.'

. (37 CHA P. IV. Vore of cenfure against ministers, relative to their conduet with respect to

Ireland, moved by the Earl of Shelburne Debates on the question. Part taken by the late lord president of the council. Motion rejealed upon a division. Similar motion in the House of Commons by tbe Ear! of Upper Oföry. Defence of adminiftration. Animadverfion. Morion rejected ufor a division. Moliine by the Duke of Richmond, for as economical reform of the civil lis cftablishment, Motion, aftio (BRfiderable debates, rejected upon a division. Minister opens bis propsko tions, in the House of Commons, for affording relief to Ireland. Agrad 80 without oppofition. Tavo bills accordingly brought in, and pafled before the recefs. Third bill to lie open till after the bolidays. Earl of Shelburne's motion relative to the extraordinaries of the ar ny; and introdu&tory 10 a farther reform in the public expenditure. Metieni ito jected on a division. Notice given of a lesond intended motion, and the lords summoned for the 8th of February. Letters of thanks from ibe rity of London to the Duke of Richmond and to the Earl of Šbelbarut, for their attempts to introduce a reform in the public expenditure; and fimilar letters ferst to his royal bigbness the Duke of Cumberland, and to all the other lords wbo supported the two late motions. Mr. Burke giou notice of his plan of public reform and economy, which he proposes bringing forvuard after the recess.

157 CH A P. V. County meetings, peritions, and associations. York leads the way. Great meeting at that city. Committee anpointed. Some account of the petitios frum shat county, wbicb becomes a model to others. Sir George Sa. .

ville presents the perition from the county of York. Debates on that fub. jeet. "Jamaica petition presented. Mr. Burke's plan of æconomical reform. Bilis brought in upon that lyftem. Earl of Shelburne's motion (pursuant to the notice given before the recess) for a committee of both boules, to enquire into the public expenditure. Motion feconded by the Earl of Coveniry. Opposede Debates. Strictures with respect to the county meetings and petitions. Marquis of Caermarthen explains the causes of his resignatick. Strictures on the conduct of a noble lord at the head of a great department, Motion rejected upon a division. Ur:ufual strengib jhewn by the oppofition os this divifion.

[85 | C H A P. VI. Colonel Barre gives notice of his intended propofitions relative to a con. mittee of accounts. Scheme approved of by the minister. Sir Gcorge Saville's motion, for an account of patent places and salaries, agreed 10, Second motion, for an account of pensions, during pleasure or otherwise, opposed. Debate broken off by the illness of the speaker. Resumed in the following weck. Amendment, moved by the minister. Long debates. Minister's amendment carried, on an exceedingly close division. Jamaica petition presented in the House of Lords, and the subject prongly crforced, by the Marquis of Rockingham. Thanks of the lords and commons to Admiral Sir George Rodney, for his late eminent services. Attempt by the oppofition in both houses, to obtain foine mark of royal favour for that commander. Scheme, for a commission of accounts, announced by the minister, in the House of Commons. Strieturcs on that bufancji. Mr. Burke's establishment bill read a firs and seconul time without op pofition; debate and divifun, relative only tv time, on itse committal. Motion by the Earl of Shelburne, relative to the removal of the Mar. quis of Carmarthen, and the Earl of Pembroke, from the lieutenancy of their respective counties. Question much agitateil. Motion rejected on a divifon.

(114 CH A P. VII. : Order of the day for going into a committee on Mr. Burke's flabl pment

bill. Question of competency parted. Debated. Opponrion infill, obat the decision of that question soould take place of the order of the day. Question for the order of the day, carried, upon a very close division. Debates in the committee on the first clause of the establishment till, for abolijhing the office of third secretary of pate. Clause rejeeled, after very long debates, upon a division, by a very small majority. Long debates in the committee, on a subsequent day, upon that clause of the esta. blishment bill, for abolishing the board of trade. Question for etolijking that beard, carried upon a divifion. Difference between the speaker and the minister. Mr. Fullarton's complaint of the Earl of Shelburne. Ai of that affair in Hyde Park. Notice given by Sir James Lowther, of an intended motion, for preserving the freedom of debate in parliament. Subje&t confiderably agirared. W'armly referred without diors. At

drenges of congratulation to the Earl of Shelbymme on his recovery. Doxo ger 10 wbicho Alr, Fux and be had been exfoled, at!ributed to their zoal in The service of their country. Contractors bill brought in by: Sir Pbilig Yernings Clerke, and carried through the House of Conmons wil bout a division. Grea! Debates on the cluje in Mr. Burke's establishment bill, for abolishing the offres of treasurer of the chamber, and others. Ques

rion, on the first men:ber of the clause, loft upon a division. Succeeding : questions rejected. Debates on the minisier's notion for giving nolie 10 · she East India company, of the paying off their capital pock at the end of

bree years. Previous quefiion mover, and lot or a division. Met:e4 againf receiving the report of the new taxes, until the peritions of ibe ponple were considered, rejected upon a divisi n by a grea! majority. Earl if Effingkam's motion in the House of Lords, for a list of places, peafons, & c. held by members of obat houle, rejected upon a division. (134

CHA P. VIII. Army eftiinales. Debates on the subject of the new corps. Divifion.

Question carrieil. Confideration of the petitions. Great debates in the • Committee. Part taken by the Speaker. Amendment to the motion, pro.

posed and agreed to. Nr. Dunning's amended motion, carried, upor a divifon, in a tcry full house. Second motion, agreed to. Third motion, by AIr. T. Pitt, agreed to. House resumed. Mr. Fox's motion, for immediately receiving the report from the committee, opposed, brut carried. Resolutions, reported, received, and confirmed by the Houle. Mr. Dunning's motion (on a following lay) in the committee, for secure ing the independence of parliament, agreed to. Second motion, for difqualifying perfons holding certain offices, from fitting in that house, car. ried, upon a division, by a najority of trvo only. Mr. Crewe's bill, fa: excluding rëvenue officers from voting on the eletion of members of par. lianient, rejected, on a division. Great debates in the House of Lords, upon the second reading of the contractors vill. The bill rejecteil, upon a division, by a confiderable majority. Protefl. Consequences of the Speaker's illness. Poftponed motion of Mr. Dunning's, for an adiress, to prevent disolving the parliament, or proroguing the present feffion, wil proper measures pouli' be taken for correcting the evils complained of in the petitions of the people, brings out lung debutes; but is rejected in a considerable mujority, in an exceedingly full house. Disorder upor Mr. Fo.r's rising 10 fpcak, after the division. Nxture of his speech. Reply, by the minifter. Great debates upon the clause in Mr. Burke's eftablishment bill, for abolishing the office of the Great Wardrobe, &'c. Cluule receted upon a division. Succeiding clause, for abolishing the Board of Works, rejecicil upon a division, Debates upon the minijder's bill for a commision of accounts. Close division upon w question in the committee. Bill at longih polod. Debates on Colonel Burrês anotions, relative to the extraordinarics of the army. First motion rejected, upon division, by a great majority. Succceiling resolutions rojsterd. General Conway's bill, for rejtoring peace with Anyericu, disposed of, upom u

divifione « Prorogation.

division, by a motion for the order of the day. Motion tending to an en-

quiry, into any requisition made by the civil magisirate, for the attendance of
** the military, upon the late meeting of the clectors of Westminster. Various
- clauses of Mr. Burke's establishment bill, rejected, upon, or without divi-
* fions. Recorder of London's motion in behalf of the petitioners, rejected upon

a division.' Mr. Dunning's motion, in the committee of the whole house on
the confideration of the petitions, for reporting their own two resolutions of

she loth of April, set aside, by a motion for the chairman to quit the chair,
· which was carried upon a division. Meeting of the Protestant alo.

ciation in St. George's Fields. Subsequent riots, mischiefs, and conflagra-
tions. · Resolutions, conduct, and adjournment of both houses. Lord George
Gordon committed to the Tower. Speech from the throne, on the meeting
of parliament after the late disorders. Addresses. Resolutions in the House
of Commons, for quieting the minds of well-meaning, but ill-informed per-
fons. Bill passes the House of Commons, for the security of the Protestant
religion. is laid by, in the House of Lords. "Speech from the throxc.

[139
ini.. C H A P. IX.
Sir George Rodney proceeds to Gibraltar, in his way to the West Indies,
git Takes a valuable Spanish Convoy. Falls in with a Squadron, under

the command of Don Juan de Langara. Takes the Admiral, with seve.
ral men of war, and destroys others. Relieves Gibraltar, fupplies Minorca,

and proceeds on his destined voyage. Prothée, French man of war,
n taken by Admiral Digby, on bis, return from Gibraltar. Dutch convoy,

under the condue of Count Byland, stopped, and examined by Commo-
dore Fielding. Count Byland comes to Spithead, with his Squadron,
and convoy. Consequences of that, and of other precedent and fubfe-
quent measures. Rufian manifefto. Northern neutrality. Royal pro-
clamation in London, Suspending certain fipulations in favour of the
Jubjects of the States General. Retrospective view of affairs in Ame-
rica and the West Indies, in the year 1779. Advantages derived by
the Spanish commanders, from their early knowledge of the intended rup-
ture. Don Bernardo de "Galvez, fubdues - the British settlements on the
Mililippi. Sullivan's successful expedition against the Indians of the fix
nations. Some observations on the policy of that people, and on the flate
of culture and improvement, which the Americans "discovered in their
country. Expeditions from Jamaica to' the Bay of Honduras, and the
Mosquito fuore. ' Fortress of Omoa and Spanish register joips taken.
Vigilant and successfut conduet of Admiral Hyde Parker, on she leeward
ifand flation.

. (*201
CH A P. X.
Rhode Iftand evacuated. Design against New York frustrated by D'Efaing's

failure at Savannab. Expedition against Charles Touri. Sir Henry

Clinton lands with the army in South Carolina ; takes polelion of the
'n VOL. XXIII,

islands