the army had increased, for he writes,' My 'father is constantly with Field - Marshal

Sporken, who is a fine old soldier, with grey 'hairs, and has been in many battles. He 'loves the English, and is very good to me. 'At Brunswick, the duke got a serjeant, who 'came every day, and taught us the Prussian 'exercise. We are both pretty alert, and 'could fire and charge five times in a minute. We fired thirty times each the last day of our exercise.'

Towards the end of the month they reached Berlin, and were received with distinction by Frederic II. The Prussian army, organised by that great tactician, was considered the best disciplined in Europe. The Duke of Hamilton and his friends readily obtained permission to be present at the reviews. These continued for three days on a grand scale; for nearly forty thousand infantry, cavalry, and artillery, were manoeuvred in imitation of a real action. The splendour of the spectacle, accompanied with martial music, and the

thunder of the guns, fascinated young Moore; and his father wrote,- If Jack had hesitated about being a soldier, this glorious scene 'would have confirmed him.'

Among the King of Prussia's generals, there was none in higher estimation than the old Earl Marischal of Scotland, who is so finely eulogised by Rousseau. As he retained a warm attachment to his native country, he was delighted with the arrival of the premier Scottish peer; and he had many conferences with Dr. Moore, who in his youth had seen the Highland army under Prince Charles Stuart, at the siege of Stirling. The remembrance of that memorable expedition, with its disastrous consequences, greatly affected the earl; yet he frequently renewed the subject, having had so deep a share in the fallen fortunes of the House of Stuart. took a considerable liking to young Moore; and finding that the love of arms was riveted in his mind, he presented him with a pair of Prussian pistols, and also a small pocket

He

Horace, which classic became his favourite. These valuable testimonials continue to be carefully preserved by me.

In the month of August, the travellers reached Vienna, and obtained introductions to the Imperial Court. At that time the most brilliant expectations were entertained of Joseph II., which vanished before the termination of his brief reign. He was singularly curious respecting foreigners, and sometimes deigned to converse familiarly with Dr. Moore, who made so favourable an impression on the emperor's mind, that he offered to take his son into his service, and gave assurances of his advancement. This proposal, however flattering, was declined: indeed, Moore had too much love for his native country, to consent to live and serve in another. His natural bias appears in the following passage of a letter to his brother Graham, at Glasgow:

'I am pleased, my dear boy, that you wish 'to be a sailor, for I am sure you will be a • brave one. I hope that, in some years after

this, you and I will thresh the Monsieurs, 'both by sea and land; but I hope we won't 'make war with the Spaniards; for the Spanish ambassador is the best and kindest 'man I ever saw.

" Vienna, Oct. 21, 1775.'

Italy was lastly visited.

Their stay at

Venice, at that time a city of great dissipation, was short. Towards the end of November, the party reached Rome, and Dr. Moore was filled with those vivid emotions, which the recollection of its former greatness is calculated to excite. In a letter to Mrs.

Moore, he writes :

'I have not yet time to give you my sen'timents on the wonders I have seen; only,

I must assure you that the Roman history 'never gave me such a high idea of that amazing people, as the remains of their grandeur, which are still to be found here. The first day I ran to the Capitol, to Trajan's Pillar, to the Pantheon, and to St. Peter's, that I might satiate myself with a

'general view before I could wait for mi'nutiæ.'

The son was too young to be equally affected as his father with the sight of Rome, once the centre whence radiated to the world, arts, knowledge, and civilization. The acquisitions derived from travelling on the Continent of Europe by different individuals are various. Some return sprinkled with affectations, or stained with vices while others bring back polished manners, elegant tastes, and enlarged understandings; and, perhaps, the greater number acquire such a portion of each, as to render it doubtful to which side the balance inclines. In order to seize the good, and eschew the evil, on such occasions, paternal watchfulness is peculiarly useful.

Naples, one of the most delightfully situated cities in the world, was next visited. In a letter from the doctor to Mrs. Moore, he states,

'As Jack expressed a great desire to ' attend me to Naples, I took him with me,