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MONTHLY REGISTER.

COMMERCIAL REPORT.-August 12, 1819.

Sugar. The demand for the finer descriptions continues steady, and the prices are maintained. The prices for inferior qualities may however be quoted lower, and the sales dull. The holders are, however, not inclined to sell at a further reduction of price, nor do they hold an anticipation of higher prices. It is extremely probable that the prices of Sugar may remain nearly about their present level. On the one hand, it is known that Sugar is wanted on the Continent of Europe. On the other, the extreme pressure which the difficulty of the times occasions upon all ranks in this country, must tend greatly to lessen the consumpt of this article. This is therefore likely to tend to depress the market, as much as the former cause would tend to raise it. The greater proportion of the crops for this year will now soon be arrived in Britain. These crops are not more than average, and scarcely that in many colonies. Considerable purchases of Lumps and Refined Sugars have been reported, and at higher prices.-Molasses are heavy of sale, and declining.-Coffee. The prices of Coffee are subject to constant fluctuations; but upon the whole, the market for this article may be stated to be lively, and the prices considerably advanced. The demand from the Continental market entirely regulates the price of this article; and as the consumpt of Coffee on the Continent is constantly increasing, fair prices may be confidently anticipated for this article. At the same time, the sources of supply are great. From Jamaica, St Domingo, Batavia, &c. the quantity imported is very great; nor is the importer likely to make much at importing this article, particularly when we consider the high price that is paid for it in the countries where it is produced.

-Cotton. Since our last, the sales of Cotton are greatly increased, and the prices advanced. The sales on the week ending the 7th August, at Liverpool, amounted to 12,800 bags, two-thirds of which was for the trade. In London, and in Glasgow, the demand was equally animated. The increasing importation seems in some measure to be checked. The imports into Liverpool to this period last year, were 272,387 bags. This year, to the same period, it is 276,113 bags, making only 3,726 of an increase at this port, which is the great emporium of the Cotton trade. The quantity, however, expected from the United States, is, we understand, very great. On the other hand, the quantity from the

1819.]

Register-Commercial Report.

617

East Indies is likely to be much less than formerly. The Cotton market, therefore, may fairly be calculated to have seen its lowest point; and, from many circumstances, it is probable that no great advance can take place upon it.

In other articles of commerce, it is difficult, from the peculiar state of the commercial world, to state any thing very certain or very satisfactory. From the low prices of Tobacco, it has attracted the notice of speculators, and some sales have been effected. Indigo continues in fair request. The Grain market, from the uncommon fine appearance of the approaching harvest, and the very favourable weather, is generally on the decline. Irish Provisions are rather dull. The market for Oil is in an uncertain state, and depends upon the next accounts from the different fisheries. Tallow is very dull, and on the decline. Rum continues heavy, and prices nominal. Brandy is held at the present quotations, in expectations of an advance.

The revival in the demand and prices of Cotton may be considered as the forerunner of relief to the commercial world, the distress upon which has been so long and so great. Still that relief is not going to be so rapid nor so great as may be anticipated. The accounts from foreign markets are in general very unfavourable, particularly from the United States, and all those markets connected with South America. To the latter there is not the smallest prospect of any immediate or permanent relief. The markets of the world seem glutted with British productions; and unless a different system is adopted altogether in trade, nothing but misery and ruin must be the consequences. Our manufacturers (for our merchants are now supplanted and driven out of their usual markets) may for a year or two follow a gay phantom in immense exports; but when they begin to expect, and when they perceive the returns, how bitter will be their disappointment, loss, and regret! Nor can it be otherwise till they confine themselves to their business, and cease to become exporting merchants, and allow those who know the markets, and what these markets require, to supply these equal to their wants-the interest and the experience of the latter will prevent them from greatly exceeding the manufacturer will manufacture no more than what consumers require-he will be without those enormous stocks of goods, which, when embarrassments in trade come on, sweep his capital through his hands, from depreciation in value, without taking into account the losses in trade from bad debts and long payments. Another and perhaps a greater evil is, where wealthy individuals, abandoning, we may say, the business which they had followed during the greater part of their lives, and in which they had made their fortunes. When these individuals, to throw all other humbler competitors at a distance, rush heedlessly, and without either general knowledge or experience, into every branch of business-extend their transactions to every quarter of the globe, and glut every market, then ruin must march upon the regular trader with rapid strides; while the mighty cause remains only to be swallowed up the last, and that his fall may become more conspicuous. If we look around the commercial world, how much mischief will we perceive arise to individuals and to the public Another thing, our manufacturers must, in their future operations, atfrom this cause. tend more to the quality of their articles. To beat others out of the market with low prices from making inferior articles, can only do for the moment, and is a trade in which no one ever was ultimately a gainer. It is the sure way to lose the trade altogether, and force it into the hands of foreign nations whose articles are of a superior quality, though at the same time of a superior price. The consumer will not always nor long give away his money for that from which, in the use of it, he can gain no satisfaction. Also, in times of prosperity, the manufacturing interests, in all their branches, but particularly in the Cotton manufactures, must fall upon and adopt steadily some general plan for saving to, or compelling those they employ as workmen to save and lay apart for their support in the evil day, (for such, at stated periods, and in a greater or lesser degree, will come round in every manufacturing country,) part of the fruits of their labour. This would not be a difficult matter, and it is one would save much misery, and one which would dash from the hands of factious demagogues, treason, and revolution, the torch of discontent, disorder, and destruction. Unless something of this kind is done-done immediately and effectually-all that the other branches of the community can do, is but a drop in the bucket to remove the evil, while it leaves a deep root for discontent, and a wide field for raising up jealousies and ill will betwixt two mighty classes of the community, which, for the welfare of all, ought to be united. Not to adopt a measure such as this, is to compel the landed and other interests in the community to become manufacturers, and, as in England, by means of the poor rates, to enable those manufacturers to beat all other competitors out of the market, who have not the same resources to pay their workmen. Add to all this, the consideration, that all that is done, either by poor-rates or general subscriptions, only palliate-but removes not, and never can remove, the evil, while it engenders strife and animosity in the working classes against all those who have property, and who move in a superior sphere of life.

To remedy these evils must be a work of time. But it is a work must be set about prudently, but firmly; or if suffered to increase, it will force itself into public notice, and upon public consideration, in colours more appalling, and in consequences more alarming, than those which at present appear.

Course of Exchange, Aug. 6.-Amsterdam, 11: 18: 2 U. Antwerp, 12:9. Ex. Hamburgh, 36:0:24 U. Frankfort, 150 Ex. Paris, 25: 40: 2 U. Bourdeaux, 25:40. Madrid, 36 effect. Cadiz, 36 effect. Gibraltar, 32. Leghorn, 49. Genoa, 45. Malta, 48. Naples, 394. Palermo, 118 per oz. Oporto, 544. Rio Janeiro, 584. Dublin, 12. Cork, 124. Agio of the Bank of Holland,

Prices of Gold and Silver, per oz.-Portugal gold, in coin, £3: 18:0. in bars, £3: 18:0. New doubloons, £0:0:0. New dollars, 5s. Old. 5s. 2d.

Foreign gold, Silver, in bars,

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ENGLISH BANKRUPTCIES, announced between the 23d of June and the 23d of July, 1819, extracted from the London Gazette.