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The paltry largess too severely watch'd, That no intruding guestsjusurp a share. Dryd. Irus's condition will not admit of largesses. Addison.

LARGITION, n. s. [largitio, Lat.] The act of giving. Dict. LARK... [lapence, Saxon; lerk, Danish; laurack, Scottish.] A small singing bird.

It was the lark, the herald of the morn. Shak.. Look up a height, the shrill-gorg'd lark so far Cannot be seen or heard. Shaksp. King Lear.

Th' example of the heav'nly lark, Thy fellow poet, Cowley, mark.

Cowley.

Mark how the lark and linnet sing; With rival notes.

Dryden.

They strain their warb'ling throats, To welcome in the spring. LARKER. n. s. [from lark.] A catcher of larks. Dict.

LA ́RKSPUR. n. s. [delphinium.] A plant. LARVATED. adj. [larvatus, Lat.] MaskDict.

ed.

LA RUM. n. s. [from alarum or alarm.] 1. Alarm; noise noting danger.

His larum bell might loud and wide be heard, When cause requir'd, but never out of time. Spenser.

The speaking cornute, her husband, dwelling in a continual larum of jealousy, comes to me in the instant of our encounter.

How far off lie these armies? -Within a mile and half.

Shaksp.

-Then shall we hear their larum, and they ours. Shakspeare.

She is become formidable to all her neighbours, as she puts every one to stand upon his guard, and have a continual larum bell in his ears. Horvel. 2. An instrument that makes a noise at a certain hour.

Of this nature was that larum, which, though it were but three inches big, yet would both wake a man, and of itself light a candle for him at any set hour. Wilkins.

I see men as lusty and strong that eat but two meals a-day, as others, that have set their stomachs, like larums, to call on them for four or five. Locke.

The young Æneas, all at once let down, Stunn'd with his giddy larum half the town.

Pope.

LARYNGOTOMY. n. s. [λάρυγξ and τέμνω; Laryngotomie, French.] An operation where the forepart of the larynx is divided to assist respiration, during large tumours upon the upper parts; as in a quinsy. Quincy. LARYNX. n. s. [λagvy.] The upper part of the trachea, which lies below the root of the tongue, before the pharynx. Quincy. There are thirteen muscles for the motion of the five cartilages of the larynx. Der bam. LASCI VIENT. adj. [lasciviens, Latin.] Frolicksome; wantoning. LASCIVIOUS. adj. [lascivus, Latin.] 1 Lewd; lustful.

In what habit will you go along? -Not like a woman; for I would prevent The loose encounters of lascivious men. Shaksp.

He on Eve

Began to cast lascivious eyes; she him
As wantonly repaid; in lust they burn. Milton.
Notwithstanding all their talk of reason and
philosophy, and those unanswerable difficulties
VOL. III.

which, over their cups, they pretend to have against christianity; persuade but the covetous man not to deify his money, the lascivious man to throw off his lewd amours, and all their giantlike objections against christianity shall presently vanish. South.

2. Wanton; soft; luxurious.

Grim visag'd war hath smooth'd his wrinkl'd front;

And now, instead of mounting barbed steeds, To fright the souls of fearful adversaries, He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber, To the lascivious pleasing of a lute. Shaksp LASCIVIOUSLY. adv. [from lascivious.] Lewdly; wantonly; loosely. LASCIVIOUSNESS. n.s. [from lascivious.] Wantonness; Icoseness.

The reason pretended by Augustus was the lasciviousness of his Elegies, and his Art of Love. Dryden. LASH. n. s. [The most probable etymology of this word seems to be that of Skinner, from schlagen, Dutch, to strike; whence slash and lash.]

1.

2.

3.

4.

A stroke with any thing pliant and tough.

From hence are heard the groans of ghosts, the pains

Of sounding lashes, and of dragging chains. Dryd. Rous'd by the lash of his own stubborn tail, Our lion now will foreign foes assail. Dryden. The thong or point of the whip which gives the cut or blow.

Her whip of cricket's bone, her lash of film, Her waggoner a small grey-coated gnat. Shaksp. I observed that your whip wanted a lash to it. Addison.

A leash, or string in which an animal is held; a snare. Out of use.

The farmer they leave in the lash,

With losses on every side. Tasser's Husbandry. A stroke of satire; a sarcasm.

The moral is a lash at the vanity of arrogating that to ourselves which succeeds well.

L'Estrange

To LASH. v. a. [from the noun.] 1. To strike with any thing pliant; to Scourge.

Let's whip these stragglers o'er the seas again, Lasb hence these over-weening rags of France. Shakspeare

He charg'd the flames, and those that disobey'd He lash'd to duty with his sword of light. Dryd. And limping death, lash'd on by fate, Comes up to shorten half our date. Dryd. Hor. Stern as tutors, and as uncles hard, We lash the pupil, and defraud the ward. Dryd. Leaning on his lance, he mounts his can, His fiery coursers lasbing through the air. Garth. 2. To move with a sudden spring or jirk. The club hung round his ears, and batter'd brows;

He falls; and lashing up his heels, his rider throws. Dryden

3. To beat; to strike with a sharp sound, The winds grow high,

Impending tempests charge the sky; The lightning flies, the thunder roars, And big waves lash the frighted shores. Prior. 4. To scourge with satire.

Could pension'd Boileau lash in honest strain, Flatt'rers and bigots ev'n in Louis' reign. Pope. 5. To tie any thing down to the side or mast of a ship; properly to lace. To LASH. v. n. To ply the whip,

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They lash aloud, each other they provoke, And lend their little souls at ev'ry stroke. Dryd. Gentle or sharp according to thy choice, To laugh at follies, or to lash at vice. Dry. Pers. Let men out of their way lash on ever so fast, they are not at all the nearer their journey's end. South.

Wheels clash with wheels, and bar the narrow street;

Gay's Trivia.

The lashing whip resounds. LA'SHER. . s. [from lash.] One that whips or lashes.

LASS. n. s. [from lad is formed laddess, by contraction lass. Hickes.] A girl; a maid; a young woman: used now only of mean girls.

Now was the time for vig'rous lads to show What love or honour could invite them to; A goodly theatre, where rocks are round With reverend age, and lovely lasses crown'd. Waller.

A girl was worth forty of our widows; and an honest, downright, plain-dealing lass it was. L'Estrange.

Philips.

They sometimes an hasty kiss Steal from unwary lasses; they with scorn, And neck reclin'd, resent. LA ́SSITUDE. n. s. [lassitudo, Latin, lāssitude, French.]

1. Weariness; fatigue; the pain arising from hard labour.

Lassitude is remedied by bathing, or anointing with oil and warm water; for all lassitude is a kind of centusion and compression of the parts; and bathing and anointing give a relaxation or emollition. Bacon.

Assiduity in cogitation is more than our embodied souls can bear without Jassitude or distemper.' Glanville.

She lives and breeds in air; the largeness and lightness of her wings and tail sustain her without lassitude. More's Antidote against Atheism. Do not overfatigue the spirits, lest the mind be seized with a lassitude, and thereby be tempted to nauseate, and grow tired. Waits.

From mouth and nose the briny torrent ran, And lost in lassitude lay all the man. Pope's Odys. 2. [In physick.]

Lassitude generally expresses that weariness which proceeds from a distempered state, and not from exercise, which wants no remedy but rest: it proceeds from an increase of bulk, from a diminution of proper evacuation, or from too great a consumption of the fluid necessary to maintain the spring of the solids, as in fevers; or from a vitiated secretion of that juice whereby the fibres are not supplied. Quincy. LA'SSLORN. n. s. [lass and lorn.] Forsaken by his mistress. Not used. Brown groves,

Whose shadow the dismissed batchelor loves, Being lass-lorn. Shakspeare, LAST. adj. [latest, Saxon; laetste, Dutch.]

1. Latest; that fellows all the rest in time. Why are ye the last to bring the king back? Samuel.

O, may some spark of your celestial fire, The last, the meanest, of your sons inspire! Pope. 2. Hindmost; which follows in order of place.

Merion pursued at greater distance still, Last came Admetus, thy unhappy son. 3. Beyond which there is no more.

Pope.

I will slay the last of them with the sword.

Ames.

Unhappy slave, and pupil to a bell, Unhappy to the last the kind releasing knell. Coculey,

The swans, that on Cayster often try'd Their tuneful songs, now sung their last and dy'd. Aldi.on.

O! may fam'd Brunswick be the last, The last, the happiest British king, Whom thou shalt paint, or I shall sing. Addison. But, while I take my last adieu, Heave thou no sigh, nor shed a tear. Here, last of Britons, let your names be read.

Prier.

Pope. Wit not alone has shone on ages past, But lights the present, and shall warm the last. Pope. 4. Lowest; meanest.

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Pleas'd with his idol, he commends, admires, Adores; and last, the thing ador'd desires. Dryd. To LAST. v. n. [lærtan, Saxon.] To endure; to continue; to persevere. All more lasting than beautiful. Sidney.

I thought it more agreeable to my affection fo your grace, to prefix your name before the essays: for the Latin volume of them, being in the universal language, may last as long as books last. Bacon.

With several degrees of lasting, ideas are imprinted on the memory. Locke.

These are standing marks of facts delivered by those who were eye-witnesses to them, and which were contrived with great wisdom to st till time should be no more. Addison.

LAST. n. s. [lært, Saxon.]
1. The mould on which shoes are formed.
The cobler is not to go beyond his last.
L'Estrange
A cobler produced several new grins, having
been used to cut faces over his last. Spectator
Should the big last extend the shoe too wide
Each stone would wrench th' unwary step aside

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LA'STAGE. n.s. [lestage, Fr. lastagie, Dut.] hlært, Sax. a load.]

1. Custom paid for freightage.
2. The ballast of a ship.
LA'STING. participial adj. [from last.]
1. Continuing; durable.

Every violence offered weakens and impairs, and renders the body less durable and lasting. Ray. 2. Of long continuance; perpetual. White parents may have black children, as negroes sometimes have lasting white ones. Bovie on Colours.

The grateful work is done, The seeds of discord sow'd, the war begun : Frauds, fears, and fury, have possess'd the state, And fix'd the causes of a lasting hate. Dryden's Eneid. A sinew cracked seldom recovers its former strength, and the memory of it leaves a lasting caution in the man, not to put the part quickly again to any robust employment. Locke. LA'STINGLY. adv. [from lasting.] Perpetually; durably. LA'STINGNESS. n. s. [from lasting.] rableness; continuance.

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All more lasting than beautiful, but that the consideration of the exceeding lastingness made the eye believe it was exceeding beautiful.

Sidney. Consider the lastingness of the motions excited in the bottom of the eye by light.

Newton's Opticks. LASTLY. adv. [from last.] 1. In the last place.

I will justify the quarrel; secondly, balance the forces; and, lastly, propound variety of designs for choice, but not advise the choice.

Bacon.

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1. After long delays; after a long time. It is used often with too, when the proper time is past.

O boy! thy father gave thee life too soon, And hath bereft thee of thy life too late. Shaksp. A second Silvius after these appears, Silvius Æneas, for thy name he bears: For arms and justice equally renown'd, Who late restor'd in Alba shall be crown'd. Dryd. He laughs at all the giddy turns of state, When mortals search too soon, and fear too late. Dryden.

The later it is before any one comes to have these ideas, the later also will it be before he comes to those maxims.

Locks.

I might have spar'd his life, But now it is too late. Phillips' Distrest Mother. 2. In a later season.

To make roses, or other flowers, come late, is an experiment of pleasure; for the ancients esteemed much of the rosa sera.

Bacon's Natural History. There be some flowers which come more early, and others which come more late in the year. Bac. 3. Lately; not long ago.

They arrived in that pleasant isle, Where sleeping late, she left her other knight.

Spenser.

In reason's absence fancy wakes, Ill-matching words and deeds long past or late.

Milton.

The goddess with indulgent cares, And social joys, the late transform'd repairs. Pope. From fresh pastures, and the dewy field, The lowing herds return, and round them throng With leaps and bounds the late imprison'd young. Pope.

4. Far in the day or night.

Was it so late, friend, ere you went to bed, That you do lie so late?

-Sir, we were carousing till the second cock. Shakspeare.

Late the nocturnal sacrifice begun, Nor ended till the next returning sun. Dryden. 5. Of late; lately; in times past; near the present. Late in this phrase seems to be an adjective.

Milton.

Who but felt of late? Men have of late made use of a pendulum, as a more steady regulator. Locke. LA'TED. adj. [from late.] Belated; surprised by the night.

I am so lated in the world, that I Have lost my way for ever.

Shakspeare. The west yet glimmers with some streaks of day: spurs

Now the lated traveller apace LATELY. adv. [from la.] Not long ago. To gain the timely inn. Shakspeare's Macbeth. Paul found a certain Jew named Aquila,lately come from Italy. LATENESS. 7. s. [from late.] Time far advanced.

Acts.

sung before the chariot on the solemn day of her lavation. Hakewill. LA ́VATORY. n.s. [from lavo, Lat.] A wash; something in which parts diseased are washed.

Lavatories, to wash the temples, hands, wrists, and jugulars, do potently profligate, and keep off the venom. Harvey.

LAUD. n. s. [laus, Latin.]

1. Praise; honour paid; celebration. Doubtless, O guest, great laud and praise were mine,

Reply'd the swain, for spotless faith divine: If, after social rites, and gifts bestow'd, I stain'd my hospitable hearth with blood. Pope. 2. That part of divine worship which consists in praise.

We have certain hymns and services, which we say daily of laud and thanks to God for his marvellous works. Bacon.

In the book of Psalms, the lauds make up a very great part of it. Govern. of the Tongue. To LAUD. v. a. [laudo, Lat.] To praise; to celebrate.

O thou almighty and eternal Creator, having considered the heavens the work of thy fingers, the moon and the stars which thou hast ordained, with all the company of heaven, we laud and magnify thy glorious name. Bentley. LAUDABLE. adj. [laudabilis, Latin.] 1. Praiseworthy; commendable.

I'm in this earthly world, where to do harm Is often laudable; but to do good, sometime Accounted dang'rous folly. Shaksp. Macbeth.

Affectation endeavours to correct natural defects, and has always the laudable aim of pleasing, though it always misses it. Locke. 2. Healthy; salubrious.

Good blood, and a due projectile motion or circulation, are necessary to convert the aliment into laudable animal juices. Arbuth, on Aliments. LAUDABLENESS. n. s. [from laudable.] Praiseworthiness.

LAUDABLY. adv. [from laudable.] In a manner deserving praise.

Obsolete words may be laudably revived, when either they are sounding or significant. Dryden. LA UDANUM. n. s. [a cant word, from laudo, Lat.] A soporifick tincture. To LAVE. v. a. [lavo, Latin.] 1. To wash; to bathe.

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Unsafe, that we must lave our honours In these so flatt'ring streams. Shaksp. Macbeth. But as I rose out of the laving stream, Heav'n open'd her eternal doors, from whence The spirit descended on me like a dove. Milton. With roomy decks, her guns of mighty strength,

Whose low-laid mouths each mounting billow laves,

Deep in her draught, and warlike in her length,

She seems a sea-wasp flying on the waves. Dryd lever, Fr.] To throw up; to lade; to draw out.

Though hills were set on hills, And seas met seas to guard thee, I would through: I'd plough up rocks, steep as the Alps, in dust, Ana lave the Tyrrhene waters into clouds, But I would reach thy head.

Ben Jonson Some stow their oars, or stop the leaky sides, Another bolder yet the yard bestrides, And folds the sails; a fourth with labour laves Th' intruding seas, and waves eject on waves.

Dryden.

To LAVE. V. n. To wash himself; to bathe.

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In her chaste current oft the goddess laves, And with celestial tears augments the waves. Pope.

To LAVE ER. v. n. To change the direction often in a course.

How easy 'tis when destiny proves kind, With full spread sails to run before the wind: But those that 'gainst stiff gales laveering go, Must be at once resolv'd, and skilful too. Dryd. LA VENDER. n. s. [lavendula, Latin.] A plant.

It is one of the verticillate plants, whose flower consists of one leaf, divided into two lips; the upper lip, standing upright, is roundish, and, for the most part, bifid; but the under lip is cut into three segments, which are almost equal: these flowers are disposed in whorles, and are collected into a slender spike upon the top of the stalks. Miller.

The whole lavender plant has a highly aromatick smell and taste, and is famous as a cephalick, nervous, and uterine medicine. Hill.

And then again he turneth to his play,
To spoil the pleasures of that paradise;
The wholesome sage, and lagender still grey,
Rank smelling rue, and cummin good for eyes.

Spenser.

LA VER. n. s. [lavoir, French; from lave.] A washing vessel.

Let us go find the body where it lies Soak'd in his enemies'blood, and from the stream With lavers pure, and cleansing herbs, wash off The clodded gore. Milton's Agonistes.

He gave her to his daughters, to imbathe In nectar'd lavers strew'd with asphodil. Milton. Young Aretus from forth his bridal bow'r Brought the full laver o'er their hands to pour. Pope's Odyssey.

To LAUGH. v. n. [hlanan, Sax. lachen,
German and Dutch; lach, Scottish.]
1. To make that noise which sudden
merriment excites.

You saw my master wink and laugh upon you.
Shakspeare

There's one did laugh in 's sleep, and one cried,

Murther!

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Thy grave stone daily; make thine epitaph, That death in thee af others lives may laugh. Shakspeare. "Twere better for you, if 'twere not known in Council; you'll be laughed at. Shakspeare. The dissolute and abandoned, before they are aware of it, are betrayed to laugh at themselves, and upon reflection find, that they are merry at their own expence. Addison.

No wit to Patter left of all his store; No fool to laugh at, which he valued more. Pope. To LAUGH. v.a. To deride; to scorn. Be bloody, bold, and resolute; laugh to scorn The pow'r of man. Shakspeare's Macbeth. A wicked soul shall make him to be laughed to Ecclesiasticus. LAUGH. n. s. [from the verb.] The convulsion caused by merriment; an inarticulate expression of sudden merriment.

scorn of his enemies.

Me gentle Delia beckons from the plain, Then hid in shades, eludes her eager swain; But feigns a laugh, to see me search around, And by that laugh the willing fair is found. Pope. LAUGHABLE. adj. [from laugh.] Such as may properly excite laughter.

Nature hath fram'd strange fellows in her
time:

Some that will evermore peep through their eye,
And laugh like parrots at a bagpiper;
And others of such vinegar aspect,

That they'll not show their teeth in way of smile,

Though Nestor swear the jest be laughable.

Shakspeare.

Casaubon confesses Persius was not good at turning things into a pleasant ridicule; or, in other words, that he was not a laughable writer. Dryden. LA'UGHER. n. s. [from laugh.] A inan fond of merriment.

Shaksp.

Pape.

I am a common laugher. Some sober men cannot be of the general opinion, but the langbers are much the majority. LAUGHINGLY. adv. [from laughing.] In a merry way; merrily. LAUGHINGSTOCK. n. s. [laugh and stock.] A butt; an object of ridicule.

The forlorn maiden, whom your eyes have

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from to lave, to throw out; as profundere opes, is to be lavish.]

1. Prodigal; wasteful; indiscreetly liberal.
His jolly brother, opposite in sense,
Laughs at his thrift; and lavish of expence,
Quaffs, crams, and guttles, in his own defence.
Dryden.

The dame has been too lavish of her feast, And fed him till he loaths. Rowe's Jane Shore. 2. Scattered in waste; profuses as, the cost was lavish.

3. Wild; unrestrained.

Bellona's bridegroom, lapt in proof, Confronted him, curbing his lavish spirit. Shak To LA VISH. v. a. [from the adjective.] To scatter with profusion; to waste; to squander.

Should we thus lead them to a field of slaugh

ter,

Might not th' impartial world with reason say, We lavish'dat our deaths the blood of thousands?

Addison.

LA VISHER. n. s. [from lavish.] A prodigal; a profuse man.

LA VISHLY. adv. [from lavish.] Profusely; prodigally.

My father's purposes have been mistook; And some about him have too lavishly; Wrested his meaning and authority.

Shaksp. Henry v. Then laughs the childish year with flowrets crown'd,

And lavishly perfumes the fields around. Dryd. Praise to a wit is like rain to a tender flower; if it be moderately bestowed, it cheers and revives; but if too lavishly, overcharges and depresses him. Pope. LAVISHMENT.. s. [from lavish.] LA VISHNESS. Prodigality; profusion. First got with guile, and then preserv'd with

dread,

And after spent with pride and lavishness. Fairy Queen. To LAUNCH. v. n. [It is derived by Skinner from lance, because a ship is pushed into water with great force.]

1. To force a vessel into the sea.

Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a draught. Luke.

So short a stay prevails;

He soon equips the ships, supplies the sails, And gives the word to launch. Dryden.

For general history, Raleigh and Howel are to be had. He who would launch farther into Locke. the ocean, may consult Whear. 2. To rove at large; to expatiate; to make excursions.

From hence that gen'ral care and study springs, That launching and progression of the mind.

Davies. Whoever pursues his own thoughts, will find them launch out beyond the extent of body into the infinity of space. Locke.

Spenser has not contented himself with submissive imitation: he launches out into very flowery paths, which still conduct him into one great road. Prior.

He had not acted in the character of a suppliant, if he had launched out into a long oration. Broome. I have launched out of my subject on this article.

To LAUNCH. v. a. 1. To push to sea.

Arbuthnot.

All art is used to sink episcopacy, and launch presbytery, in England. King Charles.

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