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other kinds of truth. The memory, likewise, may turn itself to an infinite multitude of objects, especially when the soul shall have passed through the space of many millions of years, and shall reflect with pleasure on the days of eternity. Every other faculty may be considered in the same extent.

We cannot question, but that the happiness of a soul will be adequate to its nature, and that it is not endowed with any faculties which are to lie useless and unemployed. The happiness is to be the happiness of the whole man, and we may easily conceive to ourselves the happiness of the soul, whilst any one of its faculties is in the fruition of its chief good. The happiness may be of a more exalted nature, in proportion as the faculty employed is so; but as the whole soul acts in the exertion of any of its particular powers, the whole soul is happy in the pleasure which arises from any of its particular acts. For notwithstanding, as has been before hinted, and as it has been taken notice of by one of the greatest modern philosophers, we divide the soul into several powers and faculties, there is no such division in the soul itself, since it is the whole soul that remembers, understands, wills, or imagines. Our manner of considering the memory, understanding, will, imagination, and the like faculties, is for the better enabling us to express ourselves in such abstracted subjects of speculation, not that there is any such division in the soul itself.

Seeing then that the soul has many different faculties, or, in other words, many different ways of acting; that it can be intensely pleased, or made happy, by all these different faculties, or ways of acting; that it may be endowed with several latent faculties, which it is not at present in a condition to exert; that we cannot believe the soul is endowed with any faculty which is of no use to it; that whenever any one of these faculties is transcendently pleased, the soul is in a state of happiness; and in the last place, considering that the happiness of another world is to be the happiness of the whole man; who can question, but that there is an infinite variety in those, pleasures we are speaking of; and that this fulness of joy will be made up of all those pleasures which the nature of the soul is capable of receiving.

We shall be the more confirmed in this doctrine, if we ahserve the nature of variety, with regard to the mind of man. The soul does not care to be always in the same bent.

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The faculties relieve one another by turns, and receive an additional pleasure from the novelty of those objects about which they are conversant.

Revelation, likewise, very much confirms this notion, under the different views which it gives us of our future bappiness. In the description of the throne of God, it represents to us all those objects which are able to gratify the senses and imagination. In very many places, it intimates to us all the happiness which the understanding can possibly receive in that state where all things shall be revealed to us, and we shall know, even as we are known; the raptures of devotion, of divine love, the pleasure of conversing with our Blessed Saviour, with an innumerable host of angels, and with the spirits of just men made perfect, are likewise revealed to us in several parts of the holy writings. There are also mentioned those hierarchies, or governments, in which the blessed shall be ranged one above another, and in which we may be sure a great part of our happiness will likewise consist; for it will not be there as in this world, where every one is aiming at power and superiority; but on the contrary, every one will find that station the most proper for him in which he is placed, and will probably think that he could not have been so happy in any other station. These, and many other particulars, are marked in divine revelation, as the several ingredients of our happiness in heaven, which all imply such a variety of joys, and such a gratification of the soul in all its different faculties, as I have been here mentioning.

Some of the rabbins tells us, that the cherubims are a set of angels who know most, and the seraphims a set of angels who love most. Whether this distinction be not altogether imaginary, I shall not here examine; but it is highly probable, that among the spirits of good men, there may be some who will be more pleased with the employment of one faculty than of another, and this, perhaps, according to those innocent and virtuous habits or inclinations which have here taken the deepest root.

I might here apply this consideration to the spirits of wicked men, with relation to the pain which they shall suffer in every one of their faculties, and the respective miseries which shall be appropriated to each faculty in particular. But leaving this to the reflection of my readers, I shall conclude, with observing how we ought to be thankful to our great Creator, and rejoice in the being which he has bestowed upon us, for having made the soul susceptible of pleasure by so many different

ways.

We see by what a variety of passages joy and gladness may enter into the thoughts of man. How wonderfully a human spirit is framed, to imbibe its proper satisfactions, and taste the goodness of its Creator! We may, therefore, look into ourselves with rapture and amazement, and cannot sufficiently express our gratitude to him, who has encompassed us with such profusion of blessings, and opened in us so many capacities of enjoying them.

There cannot be a stronger argument that God has designed us for a state of future happiness, and for that heaven which he has revealed to us, than that he has thus naturally qualified the soul for it, and made it a being capable of receiving so much bliss. He would never have made such faculties in vain, and have endowed us with powers that were not to be exerted on such objects as are suited to them. It is very manifest, by the inward frame and constitution of our minds, that he has adapted them to an infinite variety of pleasures and gratifications, which are not to be met with in this life. We should therefore, at all times, take care that we do not disappoint this his gracious purpose and intention towards us, and make those faculties which he formed as so many qualifications for happiness and rewards, to be the instruments of pain and punishment."

| The speculations, from No. 557, that is, from the time when the Spectatorial Club was dissolved, are extremely well written; but we may observe of them all, that they turn on general subjects, and are such as might have found a place in any other paper, as well as this. So that it was high time to drop the name of Spectator, and to continue these essays on a different plan.

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SWIFT’S WORKS, VOL. XVII. Letter 68. Dr. Swift to Mrs. Dingley. Lond. Aug. 7, 1712. every single half-sheet pays a halfpenny to the queen. The Observator is fallen; the Medleys are jumbled together with the Flying Post; the Examiner is deadly sick; the Spectator keeps up and doubles its price.”

VOL. XX. Letter 6. London, Oct. 10, 1710. Dr. Swift to Mrs. Johnson. Mr. Addison's election * has passed easy and undisputed ; and, I believe, if he had a mind to be chosen king, he would hardly be refused."

Letter 11. London, Dec. 9, 1710. Dr. S. to Mrs. Johnson. - Mr. Addison and I are different as black and white, and I believe our friendship will go off, by this damned business of party : he cannot bear seeing me fall in so with this ministry; but I love him still, as well as ever, though we seldom meet.”—p. 136.

Letter 12. London, Dec. 23, 1710. Dr. S. to Mrs. Johnson. Steele's last Tatler came out to-day: you will see it before this comes to you; and how he takes leave of the world. He never told so much as Mr. Addison of it, who was surprised as much as I; but to say the truth, it was time, for he grew dull and dry."--p. 167. Letter 14. Lond. Mar. 10, 1710-11. Dr. S. to Mrs. J.

Have you seen the Spectator yet, a paper that comes out every day ? 'Tis written by Mr. Steele, who seems to have gathered new life, and have a new fund of wit; it is in the same nature as his Tatlers, and they have all of them had something pretty.-I believe Addison and he club."-p. 259. Letter 21. Lond. Apr. 14, 1711. Dr. S. to Mrs. Johnson.

- The Spectator is written by Steele, with Addison's help : 'tis often very pretty. Yesterday it was made of a noble hint I gave him long ago for his Tatlers, about an Indian supposed to write his Travels into England. I repent he ever had it. I intended to have written a book on that subject. I believe he has spent it all in that paper, and all the under-hints there are mine too; but I never see him or Āddison.”.

VOL. XXI. Letter 30. Windsor, Sept. 8, 1711. Dr. S. to Mrs. Johnson. “ This evening I met Addison and Pastoral Phillips, in the Park, and supped with them at Addison's lodgings : we were very good company, and yet know no man half so agreeable to me as he is.”-p. 60. Letter 33. Lond. Oct. 23, 1711. Dr. S. to Mrs. Johnson.

The Spectators are likewise printing in a larger and a smaller volume: so I believe they are going to leave them off, and, indeed, people grow weary of them, though they are often prettily written.”—p. 118. Nov. 2, in the Journal. Letter 40. Lond. Jan. 26, 1711-12. Dr. S. to Mrs. Johnson.

I will not meddle with the Spectator, let him fair-sex it to the world's end.”—p. 236.

# For Member of Parliament.

p. 312.

:

Τ THE GUARDIAN,

BY

NESTOR IRONSIDE, ESQ.

No. 67. THURSDAY, MAY 28, 1713.

-Ne fortè pudori Sit tibi musa lyræ solers, et cantor Apollo. Hor. It has been remarked, by curious observers, that poets are generally long-lived, and run beyond the usual age of man, if not cut off by some accident or excess, as Anacreon, in the midst of a very merry old age, was choked with a grape-stone. The same redundancy of spirits that produces the poetical flame, keeps up the vital warmth, and administers uncommon fuel to life. I question not but several instances will occur to my

reader's memory, from Homer down to Mr. Dryden. I shall only take notice of two who have excelled in lyrics, the one an ancient and the other a modern. The first gained an immortal reputation by celebrating several jockeys in the Olympic games; the last has signalized himself on the same occasion, by the ode that begins with—“To horse, brave boys, to Newmarket, to horse." My reader