came to Japan; rounded that place from the port of Namgu; went on fhöre; from thence came to the ifle of Tonze és Bongo; from thence proceeded as far as Nangeafaki; from which place, after taking in wines, failed out again and paffed by the ifles of Uljina, as far as Formofa and the ifte of Bastee; Jaftly, took the ftraight courfe to Makaw, where I arrived in the Month of September, 1771. « Signed,

Baron Maurice Aout of Aladar and Benyorfky, colonel in her imperial majefty's fervice, and regimentary-general of the Confederates.

Went out with 85 men, Come back with 62." Many parts of the above extra ordinary tranfaction, have been ince confirmed by accounts from Peterburg. The pretended baron, and general of the Confederates, was a real adventurer and sharper, of fome confiderable degree in his vocation; and was actually fent to hard labour at Kamfchatka, for crimes committed, either at Peterf burg, or Mofcow. His fuperior abilities gained him fuch influence with his fellow-fufferers, and his Ipirit of enterprize fo charmed them, that they readily fubmitted to him as their leader, in a fcheme for running away with a fhip, which

they effected and by a fingular fortune, and extraordinary con→ currence of circumstances, difcovered a paffage, which may be of great future confequence, through unknown and untried feas, and arrived fafe at China.

Difference in the Probabilities of Longevity between living in the Coun try and in great Cities,

R. Price, in his obfervations

DR.

on reverfionary payments, has published five tables. thewing the probabilities of life, in the diftrict of Vaud, Switzerland, in a country parish in Brandenburgh, in the parish of Holy-Crofs near Shrewsbury, at London, at Vienna, and at Berlin. "My chief pur pofe (fays he) in giving thefe ta bles is to exhibit, in the most strik. ing light, the difference between the ftate and duration of human life, in great cities and in the country. It is not poffible to make the comparison without concern and furprize. I will here beg leave to lay it in one view before the reader, defiring him to take with him this confideration, that (for reafons elfewhere explained) it can be erroneous only by giving the difference much too little."

"From this comparison it appears with how much truth great cities have been called the graves of mankind. It must also convince all who confider it, that it is by no means ftrictly proper to confider our difeafes as the original intention of nature. They are without doubt, in general, our own creation. Were there a country, where the inhabitants led lives entirely natural and virtuous, few of them would die without measuring out the whole period of prefent exiftence allotted them; pain and diftempers would be unknown among them; and the difmiffion of death would come upon them like a fleep, in confequence of no other caufe than gradual and unavoidable decay. Let us then, inftead of charging our Maker with our miferies, learn more to accufe and reproach ourselves.

"The reafons of the baleful in fluence of great towns, as it has been now exhibited, are plainly, first, the irregular modes of life, the luxuries, debaucheries, and pernicious cuftoms, which prevail more in towns than in the country. Secondly, the foulness of the air in towns, occafioned by uncleanlinefs, Imoak, the perspiration and breath

of the inhabitants, and putrid teams from drains and kennels and common fewers. It is in particular well known that air, spoiled by breathing, is rendered fo noxious as to kill initantaneously any animal that is put into it. There muft be caufes in nature, continually operating, which reftore the air af ter being thus fpoiled. But in towns it is, probably, confumed fafter than it can be adequately reftored; and the larger the town is, or the more the inhabitants are crouded together, the more this inconvenience muft take place."

It appears farther, "that married women live longer than fingle women: for, of equal numbers of fingle and married women, between fifteen and twenty-five, more of the former die than of the latter, in the proportion of two to one. One reafon of this difference may be, that the women who marry are a felected body, confifting of the more healthy and vigorous part of the fex. But this, our author apprehends, is not the only reafon; for it may be expected that in this, as well as in all other inftances, the confequences of following nature must be favourable.

The whole is to be covered in, and enlightened by 62 windows on each fide. There are 11,734 pieces. of wood in this model, and near 4000 fcrews. The center of the arch (as has been proved by experiment) will fupport 900 weight. The architect (who accompanies it) is Mr. John Conrad Altherr, a mafon, of the canton of Apentzel. He has with him two of his countrymen, who draw it on a light four-wheeled carriage. They travel about fix or eight miles a day, and were about five months coming to England. It is to be in Ireland by the 2zd of November. The model is about 19 feet long, being upon a scale of one quarter of an inch to a (German) foot. It is formed on the model of a bridge over the Rhine at Schaffhaufen, in Switzerland, and it is fuppofed will coft about 19,000l. Effex-bridge, Dublin, cost 20,661. IIS. 4d.

Academy

Academy of Birds, at Canterbury,

IN the courfe of the prefent fummer, the Sieur Roman, from Paris, exhibited his academy of birds in the city of Canterbury, &c. To me their performances feemed wonderful, and worthy to be preferved. One appeared as dead, and was held up by the tail or claw without fhewing any figns of life. A fecond flood on its head, with its claws in the air. A third mimicked a Dutch milkmaid going to market, with pails on its fhoulders. A fourth mimicked a Venetian girl looking But at a window. A fifth appear

ed as a grenadier, and mounted guard like a centinel. The fixth acted as a cannoneer, with a cap on its head, a firelock on its thoulder, and a match in its claw, and difcharged a fmall cannon. The fame bird alfo acted as if it had been wounded; it was wheeled in a little barrow, to convey it (as it were) to the hofpital; after which it flew away before the com pany. The feventh turned a kind of windmill: and the last bird ftood in the midft of fome fireworks, which were difcharged all round it, without discovering any figns of fear.

The birds, were linnets, gold. finches, and canary-birds.

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