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land and part of the opposite coast of the Continent of America; the strait between them bears his name. He also discovered another strait, which he called Cumberland.-Hakluyt.

1585. SIR WALTER RALEIGH Sent SIR RICHARD GRENVILLE to Florida. He landed a colony of 100 people at Roanoak and returned.-Ibid., iii., 251-265.

1586.

SIR FRANCIS DRAKE, returning from his expedition against the Spaniards, took the colony on board and carried them to England.— Ibid., 264.

Sir RICHARD GRENVILLE arrived after their departure and landed another smaller colony.-Ibid., 265.

1587. Sir WALTER RALEIGH sent another company, under the command of JOHN WHITE, to colonize the country which QUEEN ELIZABETH called Virginia, in honour of her own virginity. The second colony were not to be found. One hundred and fifteen persons were landed to make a third colony, and the governor returned to England for supplies.-Purchas.

1590.

1592.

GEORGE WHITE was sent to Virginia, but, finding none of the third colony living, returned to England.-Ibid.

JUAN DE FUCA, a Greek, in the service I of Spain, was sent by the Viceroy of Mexico to discover a N.W. passage, by exploring the western side of the American Continent. He discovered a strait, which bears his name, in the 48th degree of N. latitude, and supposed it to be the long-desired passage.-Purchas.

1593.

HENRY MAY, an Englishman, returning

1593.

from the East Indies in a French ship, was wrecked on the Island of Bermuda, where he found swine, from which circumstance it appeared that some other vessel had been there before. The company built a boat of cedar, calked it, and payed the seams with lime mixed with turtles' fat, and sailed to Newfoundland, whence they got a passage to England.—Hakluyt.

GEORGE WEYMOUTH sailed from Engor land to discover a N.W. passage. He visited 1594. the coast of Labrador, and sailed 30 miles up an inlet in the latitude of 56°, but made no material discovery.—Forster.

1598.

1600.

1602.

DE LA ROCHE obtained from HENRY IV. of France a commission to conquer Canada, and other countries not possessed by any Christian prince. He sailed from France with a colony of convicts from the prisons; landed 40 on the Isle of Sable. After seven years the survivers, being 12 in number, were taken off and carried home to France, where HENRY pardoned them, and gave them 50 crowns each as a recompense for their sufferings.-Purchas. Forster.

Q. ELIZABETH established by charter a company of merchants in England, with an exclusive privilege of trading to the East Indies.Tablet of Memory:

BARTHOLOMEW GOSNOLD, an EnglishI man, discovered a promontory on the American coast, in lat. 42°, to which he gave the name of Cape Cod. He landed on an island which he called Elizabeth, and built a small fort; but the same summer returned to England.-Purchas.

1603.

DE MONTS obtained of HENRY IV. of France

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1603.

1610.

1605.

a patent for the planting of L'Acadia and Canada, from lat. 40° to 46°.-Purchas.

SAMUEL CHAMPLAIN sailed up the great river of Canada, and returned to France the same year.—Ibid.

DE MONTS sailed from France, taking CHAMPLAIN and CḤAMPDORE for pilots, and POUTRINCOURT who intended a settlement in America. They discovered and began plantations at Port Royal, St. John's, and St. Croix, in the Bay of Fundy.

POUTRINCOURT introduced two Jesuits into Port Royal; but some controversy arising, the Jesuits went to Mount Desert and began a plantation there.-Ibid.

GEORGE WEYMOUTH sailed on a second I voyage to discover a N.W. passage; but falling short, made the land in 410 30'; thence sailed to 43° 20′, and discovered a great river, supposed to be either Kennebec or Penobscot; took on board five of the natives, and returned to England. He put in at Plymouth, and delivered I three of them to SIR FERDINANDO GORGES, then governor of Plymouth.-Gorges.

1606.

1607.

JAMES I., king of England, by patent divided Virginia into two districts, called North and South Virginia. The southern part, situate between 34° and 41°, he granted to a London company; the northern part, situate between 38° and 45°, he granted to a Plymouth company. Neither of them were to plant within 100 miles of the other.-Purchas.

CHAMPLAIN, by order of DE MONTS, sailed up the river of Canada and fortified Quebec, the name of a strait in the river.-Ibid.

HENRY HUDSON, in the service of the English East India Company, sailed in quest of a N.W. passage. He attempted to pass to the E. of Greenland, and discovered Spitzbergen. He sailed as far N. as 820, but, finding the sea obstructed by ice, returned.-Forster.

CHRISTOPHER NEWPORT sailed to Virginia, and began a colony at Jamestown. EDWARD WINGFIELD was president, but JOHN SMITH was the life and soul of the colony.-Smith. Purchas.

GEORGE POPHAM* sailed to North Virginia, and began a plantation at Sagadahock, of which he was president. In the winter, the ships returned to England, leaving 45 persons 1608. behind. Their president dying, the next spring they broke up the plantation and went back to England. This winter was remarkably severe both in America and England.-Purchas.

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HUDSON, in the service of the English East India Company, undertook a second voyage of discovery, and attempted to pass on both sides of Nova Zembla; but the ice being impenetrable, he returned.-Ibid.

NELSON re-enforced the colony of South Virginia with 120 people.-Ibid.

CHAMPLAIN returned to France, leaving Captain PIERRE to command at Quebec.—Ibid. HUDSON, in the service of the DUTCH, made

a third voyage, and discovered the river which bears his name in lat. 41°.

SIR GEORGE SOMERS, bound to South Vir

* See the Life of F. Gorges.

1610.

1610.

1611.

ginia, was wrecked on Bermuda, whence those islands took the name Somer Islands.-Smith. Purchas.

CHAMPLAIN revisited Quebec and took the command there.-Purchas.

HUDSON, in the service of the English East India Company, discovered the strait and bay which bear his name, and passed the winter there, intending to pursue his discoveries in the ensuing spring; but his crew mutinied, and turned him adrift in his boat, with seven others, who were never more heard of.—Purchas. Campbell.

SIR GEORGE SOMERS, having built a pinnace at Bermuda, sailed to South Virginia; the colony determined to return to England; but, in sailing down James's River, met Lord DELAWARE with a re-enforcement, by which they were encouraged to return and resume the plantation. -Purchas:

JOHN GUY, with a company of forty persons, began a colony at the Bay of Conception, in Newfoundland.-Ibid.

SIR THOMAS DALE re-enforced the colony I of South Virginia with 300 people, and Sir THOMAS GATES with 300 more, furnishing them with cattle and swine, and thus that colony was established.-Ibid.

1612.

The colony at Newfoundland was augmented to sixty persons, but was for many years in a very precarious state. Mr. Guy returned to England, and was afterward Mayor of Bristol.Purchas. Oldmixon.

The South Virginia Company having sold the islands of Bermuda to a part of their own numVOL. I.-G

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