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broken, and then turned them out at the gate. The English, however, thought it most pru dent to pass the night in their boat, which they launched and laid at anchor. At this she was much grieved; but, finding all her solicitations ineffectual, she ordered the victuals in the pots to be put on board, with mats to cover the people from the rain, and appointed several persons of both sexes to keep guard on the beach during the whole night. Could there be a more engaging specimen of generous hospitality?

These people were characterized as “ gentle, loving, and faithful; void of guile and treachery; living after the manner of the golden age; caring only to feed themselves with such food as the soil affordeth, and to defend themselves from the cold in their short winter."

No farther discovery was made of the country by these adventurers. From the natives they obtained some uncertain account of its geography,, and of a ship which had been wrecked on the coast between twenty and thirty years before. They carried away two of the natives, Wanchese and Manteo, and arrived in the west of England about the middle of September.

The account of this discovery was so welcome to Queen Elizabeth, that she named the country Virginia, either in memory of her own virginity, or because it retained its virgin purity, and the people their primitive simplicity.

About this time Raleigh was elected knight of the shire for his native county of Devon; and in the Parliament which was held in the succeeding winter, he caused a bill to be brought into the House of Commons to confirm his patent for the discovery of foreign countries. After much debate, the bill, was carried through both houses, and received the royal assent. In addition to which, the queen conferred on him the order of knighthood.*+

* Stith, p. 11.

t [The date of this honour is not precisely fixed. It was conferred probably in January, or early in February, 1585.—Cayley, i., 46, 47. The same year he received a different kind of honour. Captain John Davis sailed this summer for the discovery of the Northwest Passage, under the patronage of a company of which Adrian Gilbert was a chief member, and Sir Walter one of the associates. Davis anchored in 66° 40', under a mountain, "the cliffs whereof were as orient às gold," which he named Mount Raleigh.

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The rebellion in Ireland having been suppressed, the queen attempted to carry into effect a favourite scheme of peopling Munster with an English colony. About 600,000 acres of land in that province had accrued to the crown by recent forfeitures, the larger part of which was divided into seignories, and distrib

A second expedition being resolved on, Sir Richard Grenville himself took the command, and with seven vessels,* large and small, sailed from Plymouth on the ninth of April, 1585.† They went in the usual course by the Canaries and the West Indies, where they took two Spanish prizes; and, after narrowly escaping shipwreck on Cape Fear, arrived at Wococon the 26th of June.‡

The natives came, as before, to bid them welcome and to trade with them. Manteo, whom they had brought back, proved a faithful guide, and piloted them about from place to place. In an excursion of eight days with their boats, they visited several Indian villages on the islands and on the main, adjoining to Albemarle Sound. At one place, called Aquascogok, an Indian. stole from them a silver cup. Inquiry being made, the offender

uted among those especially who had been active in quelling the insurrection. Twelve thousand acres, in the counties of Cork and Waterford, were granted to Sir Walter Raleigh. This he planted at his own expense, and about 1602 sold it to Richard Boyle, afterward Earl of Cork.-H.]

* [These vessels were the Tiger and the Roebuck, each of 170 tons, the Lion of 100, the Elizabeth of 50, the Dorothie, a small bark, and two small pinnaces.-H.]

+ Hakluyt, iii., 251.

Mr. Stith mistakes in saying May 26, and Sir William Keith, who copies from him, adopts the same mistake.

was detected, and promised to restore it; but the promise being not speedily performed, a hasty and severe revenge was taken by the orders of Grenville; the town was burned, and the corn destroyed in the fields (July 16), while the affrighted people fled to the woods for safety. From this ill-judged act of violence may be dated the misfortunes and failure of this colony.

Leaving one hundred and eight persons to attempt a settlement, Grenville proceeded with his fleet to the Island of Hatteras,* where he received a visit from Granganimeo, and then sailed for England. On the 18th of September he arrived at Plymouth, with a rich Spanish prize which he had taken on the passage.

Of the colony left in Virginia,† Ralph Lane was appointed governor. He was a military man of considerable reputation in the sea-service. Philip Amadas, who had commanded in the first voyage, was admiral. They chose the island of Roanoke, in the mouth of Albemarle Sound, as the place of their residence, and their chief employment was to explore

* [Written in the journal Hatorask.-Hakluyt, iii., 253.—H.] [This colony remained in Virginia nearly a year, having arrived June 26, 1585, and sailed with Drake June 19, 1586.-H.]

and survey the country, and describe the persons and manners of its inhabitants. For these purposes Sir Walter Raleigh had sent John Withe, an ingenious painter, and Thomas Heriot, a skilful mathematician and a man of curious observation, both of whom performed their parts with fidelity and success.*.

The farthest discovery which they made to the southward of Roanoke was Secotan, an Indian town between the rivers of Pamplico and Neus, distant eighty leagues.† To the northward they went about forty leagues, to a nation called Chesepeags, on a small river now called Elizabeth, which falls into Chese

The drawings which Mr. Withe made were engraven and printed at Frankfort (1590) by Theodore De Bry. They represent the persons and habits of the natives, their employments, diversions, and superstitions. From these the prints in Beverley's History of Virginia are copied.

Mr. Heriot wrote a topographical description of the country and its natural history, which is preserved in Hakluyt's Collection, vol. iii., 266. It was translated into Latin, and published by De Bry in his collection of voyages. It has been supposed that Raleigh himself came to Virginia with this colony. This is a mistake, grounded on a mistranslation of a passage in Heriot's narrative. It is thus expressed in English: "The actions of those who have been by Sir Walter Raleigh therein employed." Which is thus rendered in the Latin translation, "qui generosum D. Walterum Ralegh, in eam regionem comitati sunt.”—Stith, p. 22.

† [Governor Lane's narrative, in Hakluyt, iii., 255, says "by estimation, fourscore miles."-H.]

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