pleted. 2. On Sept. 22, 1862, the first proclation was issued, and the proclamation proper was issued and went into effect Jan. 1, 1863.

MUSK.

DORCHESTER, Neb. How is musk procured, and from what? By answering you will oblige several inquirers. E.

Answer.-Musk 18 procured from a small Asiatic animal called the musk-deer.

REQUIREMENTS OF A REPORTER.

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CHICAGO, Aug. 18. Would you please answer in your column for answers to questions, what are the duties of a newspaper reporter; the hours he has to work; and the remuneration he receives; and if it is very difficult to procure employment in that capacity? Also, what course of study should a young man pursue who has not the means to obtain a collegiate education in order to become a newspaper critic. I ask you the above questions as they are of great importance to me. J. R. Answer-We have received several inquiries of the kind given above. On former occasions these questions relating to journalism as a profession have been answered, but as there seems to be something many young men out of the whirl of a newspaper office do not understand, we give space to this knowledge-seeker's letter. A reporter's duties are so numerous and varied that only the most careful and constant reader of a daily journal can appreciate the many-sided character of the service. Here is a paper with the hasty history of the day. We find politics, city and county affairs, military matters, religious conventions, government news, social events, criminal notes, interviews, articles on special topics, court proceedings, market reports, marine intelligence, sporting such news, base as cricket, races both running and trotting, archery contests, pedestrianism, sprinkled in with commencement exercises, railroad subjects, together with the almost endless record of the day; the musical and dramatic criticisms, the great range of correspondence, and so on ad infinitum. Nothing is said and nothing can be given of the way this news is obtained, the short time to prepare long and important articles for the columns of the paper for the next morning; nothing of the reporter as a detective, critic, judge of evidence, or of his discrimination as to the value of news. These things come to the newspaper man only after prayer and fasting-sometimes a great deal of the latter. If any young man, with journalism in his eye, thinks he could cut any sort of figure beside other men who are "up" in these several branches, why he has probably a better opinion of himself than a city editor would have after a month's trial. We would add a word as to the hours of work: A reporter's work is done when it is finished; in other words, it is never done. To-morrow is the same as to-day; it may be late to-night, and early in the morning. His work is on public exhibition every day. It is compared with the work of accomplished journalists at every edition of his paper. When the reporter writes, his paper speaks. He is unknown. His personality is hidden. With all other work, the laborer receives the credit. With a reporter, the paper he represents is the gainer, and of course to a certain extent he is, too. But the work is the wheel, moving round and round until the tire comes off, or the hub weakens, or the spokes break, or the axel

gives way: then a new wheel is at hand to take its place. Reporters are gentlemen of intelligence, good social position, well read, hard working, inventive, shrewd, of unusual culture, and yet are generally indifferently well paid. On the monetary side, the profession is not attractive. It is not an easy matter to secure employment without experience in the many duties it entails. Our correspondent will see what breadth of reading and study the work demands. The subjects written upon in a daily paper are the only answers to his inquiry under that head.

SANTA ANNA'S CORK LEG.

DOWNEY CITY, Cal., Aug. 2, 1880. Is Santa Anna's cork leg in the library at Springfield, Ill.? If so, who captured it and presented it to the library? Was there a silver-mounted cannon taken at the same time and presented to the same library? Is there a stone skillet found in Logan County, Ill., and was it presented to said library? J.S.

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Answer.-The inquiries made by our correspondent have brought on a hunt which has at last been successful. We referred the questions to the Hon. Geo. H. Harlow, Secretary of State of Illinois, who kindly set about the search and finally, after much labor and pains, succeeded in running down Santa Anna's cork leg. Secretary Harlow replied to our inquiries as follows: "A brass cannon, which was captured at Cerro Gordo and presented to the State of Illinois, by the Third and Fourth Illinois Infantry, is in the memorial hall of the Adjutant General's department. There are no 'silver mountings' visible. The stone skillet is in the Geological Museum; it was 'captured' in Gallatin County; in fact, there are several At of them." later Jate, and after a long and successful search for the cork leg, Mr. Harlow adds: "I have succeeded in running down that cork leg of Santa Anna's. At the battle of Cerro Gordo the Mexican General was pressed so hard that he had to mount a mule and make his escape, leaving his leg in his carriage. Companies A and G of the Fourth Illinois Regiment were the first troops to reach the carriage. Private Abe Waldren, of Company G, was the first man to lay hands on the cork leg and capture it. Sergeant John M. Gill, now of Pekin, Ill., and Privates Sam and Frank Rhodes. of the same company, purchased the leg for a small sum from Waldren, and brought it home with them to Pekin, Ill. In 1861 or 1862 they sent it by General McCook-the father of all the McCooks-to Washington City, D. C., who deposited it in the Patent Office, where it now is." This clears up the mystery of Santa Anna's cork leg, for which we are indebted to Secretary of State Harlow.

SUNDRY QUESTIONS.

MENDOTA, Ill., Aug. 9, 1880. Please answer the following and oblige your many readers here; 1. Under what administration and at what time did Engiand relinquish her claim "Once an English subject always an English subject?" 2. What other treaties were made with foreign countries favor able to naturalized American citizens since the Republican party went into power? 3. Has not the Repub lican party done more for the foreign element coming to America than ever did the Democratic party? 4. Was, or is Archbishop Purcell, of Cincinnati, a Republican? I have seen it so stated in Democratic journals lately. 5. Please state the nature and object of the "Boys in Blue;" when organized, and by whom. W. T. MUNROE.

Answer.-1. In England it was once held by the courts that the allegiance of a native-born

subject was intrinsic and perpetual, of which he could never divèst himself by any act of his own, and it was not in the power of any foreign prince or nation, by naturalization, to dissolve the bond between a British subject and the crown. Great Britain

in 1870, by an act of Parliament, abandoned its former policy. This act declared that any British subject in a foreign state, who was not under any disability, and who had voluntarily become naturalized in that state, shall cease to be a British subject, and the comprehensive act covers all the points now so well and generally understood. We would suggest that articles on "naturalization" and "expatriation" be read for such a statement as would be interesting and profitable. 2. Treaties in reference to naturalization have been made during the time the Republican party has been in power with Prussia, Bavaria, Great Britain, Mexico, the Grand Duchy of Baden, the Kingdom of Wurtemberg, the Grand Duchy of Hesse, Belgium, Sweden, and Norway, the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Denmark, Ecuador, and other powers. 3. Certainly it has. 4. We never heard that he was or that he is now a Republican. 5. The "Boys in Blue" is an organization of a political character, organized by those who honorably wore the blue during the slavery war, and its general objects are to see that the "boys" put their ballots the way they put their bullets-for freedom and the Union. General Grant is at the head of the organization. General George R. Davis, of Chicago, is in command of the boys in this department.

GENERAL GARFIELD'S MAJORITIES.

LAWN RIDGE, Ill., Aug. 23, 1880. Will you please give the majorities by which General Garfield has been elected to Congress from his district? W. H. WILMOT.

Answer.-The following are the various votes in General Garfield's district:

1862-Garfield, 13,288: Woods, 6,763. 1864-Garfield, 18,086; Moses, 6,315. 1866-Garfield, 18,362; Coalman, 7,376. 1868-Garfield. 20,187; McEwen, 9,759. 1870-Garfield, 13,538; Howard, 7,263. 1872-Garfield, 19,189; Sutliff, 8.254. 1874-Garfield, 12,591; Woods, 6,247; Hurlbert, 3,427; Price, 391.

1876-Garfield, 20,012; Casement, 11,349. 1878-Garfield, 17,166: Hubbard, 7,553; Tuttle, 3,148.

Up to and including the year 1870 General Garfield's district was composed of the counties of Ashtabula, Geauga, Mahoning, Portage, and Trumbull. In 1872 the district was made up of Ashtabula, Lake, Geauga, Portage, and Trumbull Counties. Then in 1878 the district embraced Ashtabula, Geauga, Lake, Mahoning, and Trumbull Counties. The years 1870, 1874, and 1878, when General Garfield's vote seemed to vary, were all "off years:" and besides, the composition of the district changed, which accounts for any apparent alteration in the vote. Although General Garfield was opposed in 1878 by two candidates, yet he was elected by a majority of 6,465 over the combined vote of his antagonists.

GEORGE ELIOT-ETHEL LYNN-PRINCE LEOPOLD. NILES, Mich., Aug. 5, 1885. 1. Please give a short sketch of George Eliot. What is her religious belief? 2. Is is true that most of the advocates of woman suffrage are infidels or deists? 3. Is the Ethel Lynn, whose poetry we occasionally

see in the papers, the same as Ethel Lynn Beers, author of "All Quiet Along the Potomac?" 4. Did the Grand Duke Alexander of Russia marry a sister of the Prin cess of Wales? 5. At what hotel did Prince Leopold and party stop when in Chicago in June? A SUBSCRIBER.

Answer.-1. George Eliot was born in Warwickshire, England, about the year 1820. She published "Adam Bede" in 1858, and her other works followed quite rapidly until recently. She has been married three times. Her second husband, the writer, G. H. Lewes, died about two years ago. She was married lately to a Mr. Cross. We speak of the well-known author's having been "married three times," fully aware of the objection some may make. She has been ranked recently with the higher class of English materialists. 2 Not that we know of. 3. The poem, "All Quiet Along the Potomac, or ""The Picket Guard," as it is variously called, was written by Mrs. Ethel Lynn Beers, who was known as Ethel Lynn. 4. The Princess Maria Dagmar, daughter of Christian IX., of Denmark, and sister of the Princess of Wales, was married Nov. 9, 1866, to Grand Duke Alexander, heir-apparent of Russia. 5. The Prince Leopold stopped at the Grand Pacific Hotel on his way to Milwaukee from Canada, and on his return to the Dominion he was a guest at the Palmer House.

FRANCIABIGIO AND DA VINCI

DURANT, Iowa, Aug. 16, 1880. 1. Who was Marc Antonio Franciabigio: when was he born, where did he live, and when did he die? 2. Give a sketch of Leonardo Da Vinci. GUSTAV BARTELS. Answer.-1. Franciabigio was a skillful Italian fresco-painter. He was born at Florence in 1483, and was a pupil and friend of Andrea del Sarto. He painted the "Marriage of the Virgin" at Florence in company with the artist just named. He excelled in coloring. Franciabigio died in 1524. 2. Leonardo da Vinci was born at the Vinci Palace, near Florence, in 1453, and died at the chateau of Clow, near Amboise, France, May 5, 1519. He was the natural son of Pietro da Vinci, and from his youth was remarkable for his fine presence, and for his wonderful abilities displayed in almost all branches of art and science, showing great activity in sculpture, architecture, and other arts, but chiefly in painting. About the year 1496 he began his fresco of "The Last Supper" for the Milanese Convent of Santa Marie delle Grazie, which has been called the highest effort of Christian art. He traveled for some time, and then joined Francis I, at Milan, and, as court painter, accompanied him to France, where he ended his life in the company of his friend Melzi. In 1874 his remains were deposited in the chapel of the Palace of Amboise, with an inscription, by Count de Paris, the present owner of it. Da Vinci's almost universa) genius was the marvel of the age. Hallam concedes to him the foremost rank among the illus. trious men of the fifteenth century, and regards his anticipations of the great discoveries in astronomy, geology, and other sciences as almost supernatural.

covering the grounds inquired about by our correspondent: The articles of incorporation of the "Portage Lake and Lake Superior Ship Canal Company" were filed in the office of the Secretary of State of Michigan, July 15, 1864. The work of construction was begun soon after that date. The canal was completed before Oct. 20, 1873, but the Governor of the State did not give his certificate of its completion until June 25, 1875. This delay on the part of the Governor caused the company to bring suit in the United States Court to determine as to the ownership of the canal. The Governor claimed that the canal, when completed, was to become the property of the State in trust for the General Government, an act having been passed by the Legislature of 1873, that treated the canal as belonging to the State. The decision of the court was against the State and in favor of the company. There have been no reports made to the State Department at Lansing, and it is not, known there just what was the cost of the canal. Congress granted a liberal subsidy for the work, but the figures upon that are equally beyond reach. The canal is three miles long, as stated in the original articles of incorporation.

Answer.-We refer our correspondent to the Revised Statutes, chapter 3, Copyrights, section 4,956, which reads as follows: "No person shall be entitled to a copyright unless he shall, before publication, deliver at the office of the Librarian of Congress, or deposit in the mail addressed to the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, District of Columbia, a printed copy of the title of the book, or other article, or a description of the painting, drawing, chromo, statue, statuary, or a model, or design for a work of the fine arts, for which he desires a copyright, nor unless he shall also, within ten days from the publication thereof, deliver at the office of the Librarian of Congress, or deposit in the mail addressed to the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, District of Columbia, two copies of such copyright book or other article; or, in case of a painting, drawing, statue, statuary, model, or design for a work of the fine arts, a photograph of the same." In addition to this, we have the following from the Hon. A. R. Spofford, Librarian of Congress: "In the case supposed, of copyright entry after publication of the work, while it is probable that the announcement of copyright might operate to prevent infringement, there would still be no legal remedy against anyone printing it if infringed."

THE WAR A FAILURE.

BLAIRSTOWN, Sept. 3, 1880. Will you please answer the following questions in the "Curiosity Shop" to settle a dispute: Was there a plank in the Democratic platiorm of 1864 declaring the war for the Union to be a failure, or was the subfect merely a matter of discussion in the convention? H. B. WAGNER.

Answer.-We have at hand the National platforms of the Republican and Democratic parties from 1856 to 1880, inclusive. From the Democratic platform of 1864-the platform made especially for General McClellan-we take the

second resolution, as follows: "That this convention does explicitly declare, as the sense of the American people, that after four years of failure to restore the Union by the experiment of war, during which, under the pretense of a military necessity or war-power higher than the Constitution, the Constitution itself has been disregarded in every part, and public liberty and public right alike trodden down, and the material prosperity of the country essentially impaired, justice, humanity, liberty, and the public welfare demand that immediate efforts be made for a cessation of hostilities, with a view to the ultimate convention of the States, or other peaceable means, to the end that, at the earliest practical moment, peace may be restored on the basis of the Federal Union of the States." WM. E ENGLISH AND "BULLY" BROOKS. ALENA. Wis., Aug. 9, 1880. 1. What was the result of Secretary Evarts' correspondence with the British Government last year relative to the reduction of the award of the Halifax commission of 1878? 2. It is stated here that President Grant received two years' back pay by the "salary grab" of 1873. Did he get any more than an increase of salary for the second term? 3. Please give the names of the twelve Northern Democrats who, in 1856. voted against the expulsion from the House of Representatives of Preston S. Brooks. J. C. R.

Answer.-1. Mr. Evarts made a fine argument, but the award of the commission was not changed. 2. In the House of Representatives, Feb. 24, 1873, General Ben. F. Butler moved as an amendment to the appropriation bill that on and after March 1, 1873, the salary of the President be $50,000 per annum. This simply increased the President's salary for the second term. 3. There were twelve Democrats from the North and eighty-three Democrats from the South who voted in 1856 against the expulsion of Preston Brooks, the man who murderously assaulted the late Senator Sumner. Among the twelve Democrats from the North was William E. English, now the Democratic candidate for the Vice Presidency.

COPPERHEADS-DEMONETIZATION.

ELK CITY, Kan., Aug. 16, 1880. 1. Will you please to inform me where the term "Copperhead" first originated? 2. Who introduced the bill to demonetize silver, and what proportion of Republicans and Democrats voted on the bill?

LEONARD B. DAVIS.

Answer.-1. The term "Copperhead" originated during the slavery war, and was, as is generally known, intended to denote one who, while belonging, or a resident, in the Northern States of the Union, was yet an open sympathizer with the cause of the rebels engaged in the attempt to disrupt the Nation. Some of the characteristics of the copperhead snake are: "It prefers dark and moist places, and feeds upon frogs, lizards, mice and small birds. It is also called 'chunkhead' and 'deaf adder.'" 2. The bill (we quote from McPherson) was considered in the Senate, as in committee of the whole, June 17, 1873, and sundry amendments agreed to, in which the House non-concurred in gross. The report of the Committee on Conference recommended that the House should recede from its disagreement. with an amendment (verbal) to substitute the word "gram" for "grain" where it twice occurred. The report was adopted without divsion in either house.

were

TARIFF THE "M'CARDLE FEE"-THE EXODUS. OCONEE, Ill.. Aug. 7, 1880. Please answer the following questions by mail at.

your earliest convenience: 1. What is the average per cent of the customs tariff on dutiable goods imported into this country during the last five years? 2. What amount of revenue did our government derive from the duties on imported goods during the last fiscal year? 3. Give the particulars of the fee that Lyman Trumbull took while he was in the United States Senate-I think it is known as the "McCardle fee," but I am not sure that the name is given rightly here? 4. What did the Exodus Investigating Committee cost the country? J. T. L.

Answer.-The questions asked by our correspondent are of such general interest that we answer them in this way instead of by mail. 1. The official figures for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1880, have not yet been made public. For the previous five fiscal years the importations of dutiable merchandise for our home consumption, the total duty thereon, and the equivalent ad valorem rate of duty, in each year, and for the whole period, were as follows:

Aggreg'ts..$1,596,634,903.79 $688,317,077.75 43.110 To avoid giving a false impression by the above figures, it is worth while to explain that they constitute less than what are exhibited in official publications by the Treasury Department as total receipts from customs. Besides the ordinary duties on dutiable imports, there are frequently discriminating duties; also, discriminating duties often on free merchandise; and, finally, revenue from fines, penalties, and other sources outside of the tariff. Receipts from customs are composed of these various elements. In the above years these elements, aside from ordinary duties, were as follows:

Years Discriminating Discriminating end'g duties on duti- duties on free June 30. able imports.

1875......$173,447.30

1876...... 122,987,32

1877...... 121,473.86

1878...... 112,590.09 1879...... 134,914.41

Totals..$665.412.98

imports.

$109,729.92

73,173.52 83,662.17 67,383.60

101,496.67

$435,435.88

From fines, penalties,

etc $2,612,739.80 2,893,381.86 2,528,149.63 2,975,521.21 3,854,611.80

$14,864,404.30

The total duties collected on both dutiable and free imports amounted. in fiscal year 1875, to $154,554,982.55; in fiscal year 1876, to $145,178,602.75; in fiscal year 1877, to $128,428,343.44; in fiscal year 1878, to $127,195,158.99; in fiscal year 1879, to $133,395,435.90. The total ordinary duties collected on dutiable imports amounted, in 1875, to $154,271,205.33; in 1876, to $144,982,444.91; in 1877, to $128,223,207.41; in 1878, to $127,015,185.30; in 1879, $133,159,021.82. The total receipts from customs amounted, in 1875, to $157,167,722.35; in 1876, to $148,071,984.61; in 1877, to $130,956,493.07; in 1878, to $130,170,680.20; in 1879, to $137,250,047.70. 2. The official figures have not yet been published, but a telegram from Washington last July stated the revenue for the year ending June 30, 1880, as $185,108,611. These are receipts from customs, and probably close to accuracy. 3. Senator Trumbull, previous to and during the greater part of 1867, was outspoken in his opposition to, and censure of, President Johnson. Up to the early part of May, 1868, he did not hesitate to urge the impeachment of the President. On Monday, May 11, however, when the great trial was going on. Senator Trumbull, in a

It may not be

lengthy and carefully prepared speech before the High Court of Impeachment, took occasion to prove that the President had not violated the law. The course he pursued then and there was a great surprise to his Republican associates. He had been foremost in the advocacy and enactment of the reconstruction laws, and when, in December, 1867, a case came before the Supreme Court involving their constitutionality, he appeared on behalf of the United States. This was known as the McCardle case. questioned that there was any impropriety in this, provided no compensation for such legal service was demanded. But the statutes of the United States expressly forbade any member of either house of Congress receiving any compensation in addition to his salary for any service whatever. Other Senators were consulted about taking part in the case, but they declined, because the statute forbidding payment for such service was imperative. In March, 1868, Senator Trumbull demanded $10,000, and received $3,000, in two payments of $1,000 and $2,000 respectively. In April he demanded and was paid $7,000 more, upon a bill rendered in his own handwriting. 4. It was stated on the best Washington authority that the exodus investigating business cost the country over $40,000.

SEVERAL WAR QUESTIONS.

ONARGA, Ill., Aug. 9, 1880. 1. To what extent were the so-called Confederate States recognized as an independent government by the United States or any foreign government? 2. Was there at the close of the rebellion any law, national or international, by which this government could be deprived of the right to try, and if found guilty, execute for treason many engaged in the late rebellion? An aspirant for legislative honors stated to me the other day that it was mostly through fear of foreign intervention that Jeff Davis went unhung. MORE LIGHT.

Answer.-1. The rebels were never recognized by the government as belligerents. The government treated with and referred to the secessionists always as insurgents. All the literature of the war bearing upon the subject is confirmatory of this. England recognized the South as belliggerents, but never went so far as to receive any of the secession representatives officially. It was known that, personally, Louis Napoleon looked with favor on the South, because he perceived in the division of the Union that which favored his great Mexican scheme, the secret history of which has been published in THE INTER OCEAN; but France did not recognize the instigators and government of the rebellion. The other countries of Europe. notably Russia and Germany, the cause of recognized the Union. 2. Ingersoll's "Life of Greeley" has this to say about the trial of Jeff Davis: "The truth is, the trial of Mr. Davis, under the indictment found against him, was impracticable. It was certain he was guilty (of treason); it seemed to be equally certain that a jury could not be impaneled in Virginia which would convict him, if indeed, one could be impaneled at all under the ancient rules of law which pertained to that time-honored institution. The government erred, if error there was in this matter, in not having Mr. Davis and a few others promptly tried under a jurisdiction where trial would have been neither a farce nor a mockery." "Tell that "aspirant for legislative honors" down in your city that the United States did not, when

Davis was captured, fear any foreign power, and does not to-day.

COLORED POPULATION OF THE SOUTH.

CLINTON, Rock Co., Wis., Aug. 20, 1880, Please state whether or not the negro population of the South was all included in the census of 1870, the same as in that of the present year. Some persons here are endeavoring to explain the wonderful increase in population of Southern States, like South Carolina, for instance, by claiming that in the census of 1870 only three-fifths of the negro population were included, the same as was the basis of Congressional representation before the war, while in the present census all are included. I think the claim is erroneous. Please give me the facts. J. F. CLEGHORN.

Answer.-The report of the ninth census (1870) contains the following figures:

The United States..........

38,558,371

The States....................................................... .38,115,641

The Territories..

442,730

Justices Niblack and Scott dissented. Warden, Howk, Biddle, and Scott are Democrats; Judge Niblack is a Republican. Scott dissented because the majority of the court without him were against it, and his vote going the other way would not change the result; then, too, Scott was a candidate for re-election, and it was strongly suspected that it was arranged for him to reap any benefit that might accrue, with the additional advantage of not being responsible if the people should revolt against the action of the court. 2. The vote to elect electors in Maine is! the same as that in all other States; that is, a majority elects.

TIME OF ELECTING CONGRESSMEN. STELLAPOLIS, Iowa, Aug. 13, 1880. Please answer, to settle a dispute: 1. Are the Repre sentatives in Congress all elected in any one year, so as to change all the members except those that are reelected, or are part elected on alternate years? 2. Are the members from any one State all elected at one time? Please state also as to the Senate,

IRA W. KING. Answer.-The several States have different times during the year for choosing their Congressmen, but they all take their seats and begin their terms of office on the same day, so that every two years a new House of Representatives is chosen. 2. Each State regulates the time of

Louisiana.. Maryland..

................................

Mississippi...

Missouri..

364,210 .........175,391

.444,201

.118,071

THE NANA SAHIB.

OSBORN, Ohio, Aug. 23, 1880. What became of Nana Sahib, Chief of the Sepoy Indian mutiny of 1857? Q. C. EAST.

Answer.-Nana Sahib was the title of Dhundoo Punt, a Hindoo chieftian and leader in the Sepoy mutiny in 1857-58. He was born about the year 1824-25. The end of the mutiny, in which he took a prominent part, found him still free, while others of the rebellious Hindoo chiefs had either submitted or been captured. He continued, with the Begum of Oude, and about 10,000 rebels, to infest the northern parts of Central India and the frontiers of Nepaul. There was a report that he died in 1859 of fever, but it was very generally discredited. Another rumor had it that he crossed the Himalaya to Thibet in 1860 in disguise, and encamped on the northern base of the mountains with some 10,000 men. In November, 1874, a man was apprehended in the north of India who was supposed to be the Nana. For a time great excitement prevailed, but it is not absolutely known whether the real Nana Sahib was the prisoner.

INDIANA SUPREME COURT,

OSHKOSH, Wis., Aug. 14, 1880. 1. What is the political belief of each of the Judges of the Supreme Court of Indiana? 2. Does it require a majority vote, under the Maine constitution, to elect the Presidential electors of said State, or does a plu rality vote elect, as in the other States? O. F. C.

Answer.-1. Our correspondent has reference, probably, to the decision of the Supreme Court on the constitutional amendments. Justice Biddle, on June 18, delivered the opinion, which was concurred in by Justices Warden and Howk.

tinuous body, which adjourns, but never ceases to be a body, as Congress does. The time of choosing Senators is left to the States, but the Senators-elect enter upon the duties at a time

fixed.

THE EGYPTIAN OBELISK.

RUSH CENTER, Rush Co., Kan., Aug. 17, 1880. Please describe the Egyptian obelisk lakely brought to this country from Egypt, and its use? F.R. S. Answer.-The Egyptian obelisk arrived at New York July 20, last, in the steamer Dessonk, Commander Gorringe in charge. The needle weighs 196 tons, is 70 feet long, is 8 feet square at the base and 5 feet 3 inches square at the' top. Up to the time of the steamer's arrival at New York, its removal had cost about $87,000. It bears a number of inscriptions. We do not know that it is of use, but as a work of ancient art it is remarkable.

HORACE GREELEY.

CHICAGO, Sept. 9, 1880. Will you please inform me through the columns of your paper the year that Horace Greeley ran for President of the United States? Was he nominated by either party convention, or did he run on an independent ticket? Did his death occur before or after the election? Your reply will greatly oblige

A SUBSCRIBER. Answer.-Horace Greeley was nominated for the Presidency of the United States in 1872 by the "Liberal Republican Convention," held at Cincinnati, Ohio, in May, 1872, and he was also nominated by the National Democratic Convention held in July, 1872, at Baltimore, Md. The formal vote on Greeley in this last named convention was as follows: