The Works of Adam Smith, LL.D. and F.R.S. of London and Edinburgh:: The nature and causes of the wealth of nationsT. Cadell and W. Davies, 1811 |
Други издания - Преглед на всички
Често срещани думи и фрази
adminiſtration affeffed almoſt altogether ancient ancient Greece annual annuities arifing befides BOOK Britain Britiſh cafes capital caufes cent church clergy commodities confequence confiderable confift confumer confumption cultivation cuſtoms debt diminiſh duties eſtabliſhed excife exerciſes expence faid fame manner fect fecurity feems feldom feven feveral fhillings fhould filver firft firſt fmall fociety foldiers fome fometimes foon fovereign ftate ftill fubfiftence fubject fuch fufficient fund fuperior fuppofed fupport fyftem greater greateſt himſelf houfes houſes impofed increaſe induſtry intereft itſelf joint ftock juftice juſtice labour land land-tax landlord leaſt lefs levied malt manufactures meaſure ment merchants moft moſt muft muſt neceffarily neceffary occafion paid particular payment perfon perhaps poffible pounds prefent produce profit proportion public revenue purchaſe purpoſe raife raiſed reafon refpect render rent ſeems ſtanding army ſtate ſtock themſelves theſe thofe thoſe thouſand tion trade univerfities uſe whole
Популярни откъси
Страница 45 - ... the duty of erecting and maintaining certain public works, and certain public institutions, which it can never be for the interest of any individual, or small number of individuals to erect and maintain ; because the profit could never repay the expense to any individual, or small number of individuals, though it may frequently do much more than repay it to a great society.
Страница 126 - The directors of such companies, however, being the managers rather of other people's money than of their own, it cannot well be expected that they should watch over it with the same anxious vigilance with which the partners in a private copartnery frequently watch over their own.
Страница 257 - ... 4. Every tax ought to be so contrived as both to take out and to keep out of the pockets of the people as little as possible over and above what it brings into the public treasury of the state. A tax may either take out or keep out of the pockets of the people a great deal more than it brings into the public treasury, in the four following ways.
Страница 44 - Every man, as long as he does not violate the laws of justice, is left perfectly free to pursue his own interest his own way, and to bring both his industry and capital into competition with those of any other man or order of men.
Страница 256 - The expense of government to the individuals of a great nation is like the expense of management to the joint tenants of a great estate who are all obliged to contribute in proportion to their respective interests in the estate. In the observation or neglect of this maxim consists what is called the equality or inequality of taxation.
Страница 183 - There are no public institutions for the education of women, and there is accordingly nothing useless, absurd, or fantastical in the common course of their education. They are taught what their parents or guardians judge it necessary or useful for them to learn; and they are taught nothing else.
Страница 295 - An inquisition into every man's private circumstances, and an inquisition which, in order to accommodate the tax to them, watched over all the fluctuations of his fortune, would be a source of such continual and endless vexation as no people could support.
Страница 331 - By necessaries I understand not only the commodities which are indispensably necessary for the support of life, but whatever the custom of the country renders it indecent for creditable people, even of the lowest order, to be without.
Страница 148 - ... are those of which all the operations are capable of being reduced to what is called a Routine, or to such a uniformity of method as admits of little or no variation. Of this kind is, first, the banking trade: secondly, the trade of insurance from fire, and from sea risk and capture in time of war; thirdly, the trade of making and maintaining a navigable cut or canal; and, fourthly, the similar trade of bringing water for the supply of a great city.
Страница 75 - ... many successive generations, can sleep a single night in security. He is at all times surrounded by unknown enemies, whom, though he never provoked, he can never appease, and from whose injustice he can be protected only by the powerful arm of the civil magistrate continually held up to chastise it.