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each armed with their staff of office (hazel-fticks), fele&t and bring forth the different cattle according to the regularly-eftablished cuftom and difcipline of the place, explaining, in proper terms and in an uncultivated but pleafing manner, the fuperior or different qualities of individuals, but "that mafter, if prefent," could have explained matters much better (Mr. Bakewell was then in London). And yet they executed their office fo completely, that enquiry was made how long in that fervice? A JOHN BREEDEN fince the year the king was crowned, or 32 years; WILLIAM ARNOLD, the other Herd, about 20.

WILLIAM PEET, who fuperintends the Horfes, has been nearly 40 years; but, during that time, has been abfent a few years. Several 10 or 12 years; and no one is taken into the fervice for a lefs term than four years.

The different breeds of Sheep kept on the farm are brought together, put fide by fide, which then are under the immediate eye of the fpectator; who, if no judge of cattle, cannot fail to obferve a difference, when fo diftinctly marked out in the feparate joints and points of each individual; and which, after viewing alive, the carcafes of different breeds, preferved whole in pickle, and hung up fide by fide, may be viewed again, to examine the thickness of flesh and fat on each, fmall nefs of offal, and, again, the skeleton, with diftinct bones, heads, ribs, &c. of the different breeds, to take another comparative view, and mark the difference. In this room are alfo preferved in pickle, and fhewn, fome joints of beef, the relicks of Old Comely, the parent-mother of the flock, who lived to the advanced age of 26, when exiftence became burden fome; the was flaughtered about two years fince. The fat of a furloin on the outfide measured about four inches thick..

The fhew of Tups had been clofed the day before our arrival, a limited time being allowed for the purpofe of hiring for the feafon, which had been regularly announced in the papers; after which they are not admitted to be feen till the fucceeding feafon. Much company at the farm the day before for that purpofe; amongst whom fome foreigners.

Mr. Honey borne, the nephew of Mr. Bakewell, attended us round the farm; viewed the different fucceffions of crops GENT. MAG. September, 1793.

of cabbages, drilled wheat, barley, &c. in all the fields of which are generally fpecimens of broad-caft, to shew the comparative_difference. The drill is preferred. But the grand article of husbandry is the irrigated ground, about 200 acres, from a fiream collected carefully fome diftance, and which, in part, is carried round the farm for more than a mile, the lower part of which is flooded in portions according to the degree of water which falls in each season. A mill is fed from the fame fource; but the water is of fo great eftimation in improving the lands, that the mill is fuffered to ftand rather than the fields fhould be abridged of their proper allowance; patches of which, in a variety of places, are kept dry, or prevented from this improving fource; and the barrennefs of which is very evident by the appearance of ruthes, coarfer and poorer grafs. In another place, one part manured with dung from the yard, and the neighbourhood flooded; favour in the watering part. Afterwards, different patches, flooded and not flooded, to the amount of about 20 divifions; the fuperiority in favour of water clearly evi dent. Again; the fame experiment is varied, in bringing water from a fpring, the fame which is ufed for culinary purpofes in the kitchen, and this contrafted in patches, and oppofite to the patches watered from the canal; and even here the evidence is decidedly in favour of the water, but whether in favour of the water from the fpring or ftream I regret that I did not pay fufficient atten tion. And again; the drainings from the yard are brought into one point, and, mixing with the water, are carried over certain fields beneath the farm, by which they are rendered fo fertile, that this prefent year fome parts have already been mowed twice, the first of which was on the last day of April. The laft year they had four cuttings, the grafs from which is appropriated for the ufe of foiling the three-year-old heifers, which are kept in the house and worked, horfes, bulls, and fome other cattle, which are not turned out to grafs. Befides watering the grounds, this stream of water is converted into other ufeful purposes; it is formed into a narrow canal, and runs very filent, having but little fall; upon which boats are confructed to carry the manure from the yard, and the produce of the fields, when reaped, to the farm-yard; and, of

late

late years, the turnips have been thrown into this ftream, and have, with out farther trouble, been washed and carried down; till, on their arrival at their deftined port, a fervant waits, and fcoops them out on the banks.

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A wharf is alfo conftructed, whereupon are landed cabbages, &c. fo contrived as to be on a level with the canal, and renders the labour of throwing them into carts the easier than if the men had the trouble to lift them the height of the cart, alfo, when dung is brought from the yard, the ground is fo railed as to require only loofening the cart, and thence toffing it immediately into the

boat.

Mr. Bakewell ufes no waggons, but prefers the light fingle-horfe carts.

On different fpots are planted clumps of willows (called the Dutch willow); fome of these as if for ornament, fome for fhelter, and fome, when no other place offered, near the building, along the hedge-rows; the quick fets or thorns of which feem not to be injured by being overshadowed and dropped upon by thefe overbearing neighbours. A lot of thefe is in rotation regularly cut down every seven years (from which appears the number of plantations), and, befides handles for rakes, pitchforks, and other tools, are applied to many useful purpofes on the farm, as guarding newplanted hedges, &c. Their uses are various, and prove a great faving of expence on many occafions; a large ftack of which, ready peeled and reared on the end, appears in the farm-yard; the bark from which is, as foon as stripped from the wood, tied up in fheaves or bundles. Such is the general neatnefs practifed through every department, that there is not the left appearance of flovenliness, or wafte, or inattention of any kind, apparent, in the example above noticed, inftead of a litter, as is too frequently practifed. How much extraordinary time has this neat prac Lice exhaufted? Probably, in the flue,, none; for, the portion of time spent in the act of tying-up in bundles is next to nothing. The lefs fpace occupied by the bark is very evident, and the neatnefs of the appearance is very striking. If they are to be removed, or applied to any purpose, e. g. to lay for the bottom of com or hay ftacks, the former trou ble of tying-up is inftantly repaid by the fictity of the removal, and without any lots of the article. Upon urgent occafions, these peelings are occafionally ap

plied as bottoms of ftacks; but around the yard are already formed for use bottoms of brick, fo conftructed as to fecure the ftacks of corn from the weather, and, as much as may be, from the vermin.

In the yard are feen varieties of car. riages, different implements in husbandry, both of the old and new school, ploughs and harrows upon almost every conftruction; plain and fpiked rollers, &c. in varieties, and in great abundance, fimple, neat, useful, and movable racks, for feeding horses, call forth the attention. To prevent the horfes quarrelling or injuring one another during the conteft, there is only one aperture at each corner, The nearest divifion is appropriated for their comm, and in the center part a rack for the hay. One pair of shafts serves to take on and off, and move the whole or any number of the racks to any part of the farm. Adjoining the houfe is a fmith's fhop, where two men are generally employed in making and repairs for the farm*, &c.

The grounds adjoining the houfe feem of a fwampy nature, and yet water is brought over the fame from a small rivulet, that it may be overflown; but, by good management and well-conducted drains, &c. the inconveniences which would arife from the ftagnant water are overcome. The gardens are neat, and feem cultivated more for utility than fhow, and in them are fishponds well ftored and fupplied with water from the rivulet above noticed. The garden, I have been told, is fometimes irrigated.

conve

In one particular tye are niences for measuring and weighing the food of the hogs, and alfo noting down the fame, which may be done by any fervant with a piece of chalk already lying upon the pot, tillit can be

*Swampy ground may, with propriety, be compared to a fpunge full of water : when the ftagnant water is carried off by proper drains (as is the cafe here), the ground, like the fpunge deprived of its water, occupies lefs fpace; and water, which is a heavy body, befides fertilizing the land, by its specific gravity confolidates the particles of the earth ftill closer together by running over the furface and which is fuppofed to add another caufe of fertility. Since, writing the article, I have been told that Mr. Bakewell's obfervation is-" Throw water upon the ground from whatever quarter you can obtain it, provided there are no pernicious qualities, as minerals, &c. in the water," entered

entered in a more regular manner upon paper in a proper book. This contrivance is the moft fimple that can be imagined, in order to prevent mistakes, and to render the experiments conclufive. There is alfo a weighing machine in the ftye, particularly appropriated for the purpofe of weighing the fwine which are undergoing the experiments; nine in number, divided into claffes of three in each department, are under experiment.

After an agreeable range through the whole of what is ufually exhibited, we were invited to partake of, and were hofpitably entertained with, a good and plentiful dinner, good ale, and after dinner a bottle of good wine, during which we were alfo entertained with good and inftructive converfation, and preffed to ftay a longer time in the moft hofpitable and cordial manner. It was with pleafure we entered into thefe cultivated premifes; it was with regret we departed from this manfion of conviviality, with gratitude for the favours conferred, with fatisfaction for

the pleasure we had enjoyed!

The gentleness of the different kinds of cattle has been frequently noticed by others, and fhould not pass the attention of any observer. This meeknefs of fpirit feems to run through the individual of every fpecies exhibited, from the gallant Stallion to the veteran Bull. At an age when most of his brethren are either foaming and bellowing with rage and madness, or have fuffered the ftroke of the axe for their frequent delinquencies and violences committed; old C, a fon of the old parent Comely, has all the gen. tleness of a lamb in his looks and in his actions. Gently treated him felf, he harbours no rancour, but affectionately licks the hand of his feeder; fcratch him, and he will bow himself down for this kindly office to his benefactor. This old fervant feeds within doors, nor is he any longer an hireling to his neigh-bours. He retired with all the dignity of majesty, as if confcious of his own fuperiority! J. H.

Mr. URBAN,

Aug. 31.

*

judgement of the party will be feen by the lift of noblemen and gentlemen, inferted in our laft, p. 763, which was never exceeded, or perhaps equalled, in honour, in property, or in love for their country, in any age of the world.

Let every Briton contemplate this list of noble, right honourable, and honourable, Agriculturians; and then lay his hand upon his heart, and ask whether this fociety is a job; or rather, will he not join with Mr. Pitt in his laconic farcafic reply to the unfounded infinuations of one of the party: "The Honourable Gentleman will be pleased to wait until the fociety is formed; when, with his great fagacity, he perhaps may difcover, that the best and most folid intereft of the kingdom is the only object?" The Patent is already prepared, according to the tenor of the act; and the Society will foon meet, and adopt rules and regulations.

Yours, &c. A PRACTICAL FARMER.

H

be

Mr. URBAN, Barnfaple, Aug. 1. OWEVER excellent a painting may be, how much foever it may deferving of admiration, the chief intereft of an hiftorical picture arifes from the fidelity with which it is believed to reprefent a verifimilitude of the actors of the fcene; for, what with is more anxious than that of contemplating the features of the man whofe actions have claimed regard, or excited deteftation? what defire more ardent than that of tracing in the lineaments the latent paffions which have influenced the conduct? On this account it is that 1 obferve, with much pleasure, Mr. Copley's folicitude to obtain a fight of fuch original portraits as may ferve to illuftrate his intended picture of the 5th of January. If he has not been fuccefsful in obtaining the fight of a larger picture, I am happy to have it in my power to direct him to a miniature, faid to be that of Sir Bevil Grenville. It came into the family of its prefent poffeffor, a gentleman of family and fortune in my neighbourhood, with his grandmother, a daughter of Sir Edmund Prideaux, a family nearly connected, as

WHEN the act to establish the Agri- I have been informed, with the Gren

culturian Society, the tendency of whole efforts will be to convey happinefs to the human race, was paffing the Houfe of Commons, Mr. Pitt was continually accufed with creating a job, to gratify his own tools and dependents. The abfolute falfehood of this pre

villes. The picture, most exquifitely painted, reprefents a man in armour; the complexion delicately fair; the hair, red and flowing, is feparated over the forehead; the eyes uncommonly pie.cing. He wears muftaches, and appears to be about forty years of age. It must

have been a ftriking likeness. The pic ture is fet in a gold-enamelled cafe; the portrait being concealed by a lid which clofes with a clafp. It was worn on the neck as a locket, one fide of which is moft richly ftudded with diamonds, emeralds, opals, and rubies: the locket is an oval, about two inches long, and an inch and an half broad, at leaft as well as I can recollect, for it is fome time fince I faw it. I should not, how ever, omit to fay, that near the left fhoulder are two initials, D. G. Till I faw these letters, I believed it to have been painted by the famous Cooper; and, hould his Chriftian name have begun with a D, might not the tail of the G have been merely a flourish of the C. I do not remember to have read any defcription of Sir Bevil's perfon; but, from that which I have given, you or Mr. Copley may probably be enabled to determine the authenticity of the miniature. W. WAVELL.

Mr. URBAN,

ΟΙ

Aug. 13. BSERVING, in p. 522, an extract from Hafted's Hiftory of Kent, p. 397, in which there is a great miflake, 1 beg your permiffion to correct it, that. in any future edition, it may be fet right. William Ball Waring, of Dunfton, in Berks, efq, married Mary, eldest daughter and co-heirefs of Sir Orlando Humfreys, of Jenkins, in the parish of Barking, in Effex, bart. and Ellen, his wife,, by whom he had no furviving issue in 1737, and died 11 Auguft, 1746. The manor of Jenkins, which was formerly fubordinate to the paramount manor of Barking, or the monaftery, was (1698) the property of Sir Thomas Fanthawe, knt. who left two daughters his heirs, of whom one died unmarried, and the other, Sufan, was married to the Hon. Baptift Noel, half brother to the firft, and father to the third, Earl of Gainsborough. Thofe two ladies fold the manor (before 1727) to Sir William Hamfreys, knt. and bart. fo created November 30, 1714; elected alderman of Cheap Ward with in the city of London. July 29, 1707, having ferved the office of theriff in 1704 5, as he did that of mayor in 1714-15 and was tranflated to the ward of Bridge Without, being then fenior alderman of ths city, January 25 1732-3. He was alfo member for the borough of Marlborough in 1714; and a director of the Bank from 1719 to 1729; and died in October, 1735. He

was fucceeded by his fon and heir, Sir Orlando abovementioned, who died at Jenkins, June 14, 1737, aged 59, and was buried in the parish-church, having had three fons, who died before him, and two daughters, Mary, wife of William Ball Waring, efq. and Ellen Wintour Humfreys, married December 3, 1741, to Thomas Gore, efq. a younger brother of the family of Tring, in Herts, and afterward member for the borough of Cricklade, from whom the eftate came by marriage to Smart Lethieullier, efq. lord of the neighbouring manor of Aldersbroke, an attentive and refpectable F. S. A. who died, leaving only a daughter, now the wife of Edward Hulfe, efq. (eldest son of Sir Edward Hulfe, bart.), the prefent reprefentative of thefe families, who has two fons, and perhaps other children.

Your correfpondent S. E. p. 536, needs only to apply to any Scotfman of the true blood, and he will receive an immediate answer why Mr. Bruce places the arms of Scotland in the first quarter, and, pari ratione, why the unicorn, the antient fupporter of the Scots arms, is placed on the dexter fide of the efcutcheon, as the lion is on the finifter, in every place where the royal arms appear in that kingdom.

Mr. URBAN,

E.

Sept. 4.

IN P. Cold' of your cod as ha N p. 439, col. 1, of your vol. LXI, ving promised Dr. Jortin fome remarks on Doletus; which, however, never came into Dr. Jortin's hands. Having an opportunity of confulting the Profefior's MS Collections, I find only the following memoranduin relative to Dolet:

"Being informed that Dr. Jortin is wri ting the Life of Erafmus, it may not be thought improper to obferve that, in Dr. Knight's Life of him, no notice is taken of Stephen Dolet among the other antagonists of that great man. Whereas Dolet, in feveral parts of his Commentarii Linguæ Latinæ, as likewife in a particular treatise, intituled, Dialogus de Imitatione Ciceroniana, reflects severely upon him as an inveterate enemy to the Ciceronians of that age; though after his death he thought fit to give him a great encomium; as Julius Scaliger, another of his adverfaries, has aife done."

Several curious extracts from his works are alfo copied into Dr. Ward's Adverfaria, in which they thus occur: "Excerpta Mifcellanea, de Imitatione, ex

*See his "Tracts," II. 185.

Stepha

Stephani Doleti Commentariis Linguæ Latina, fub Vocabulo Eloquentia, tom. I. p. 1227. "Ejufdem de Erasmo Scriptifque ejus Judicjum, fub Voce confiftere. Ib. p. 1082. "Ejufdem Repræhenfio Erafmi, fub Vocabulo Dignitas.

"Ejufdem de Erafmo lenius Judicium, in Vocabulo Aajutor. Ib. p. 88.

"Ejufdem de Erafmi Dialogo Ciceroniano Cenfura. Ex Epiftola ad Budæum.

"Ejufdem de Literarum fuo Tempore progreffu" Narratio, fub Vocabulo Litera. Tom. I. p. 1156.

"Ejufdem de Vocabulis geminatis. De ridicula quorundam Ciceronianorum Superftitione, De Proverbialibus Scriptoribus, fub Voce Refpublica, Tom. I. p. 264. Tom. II. Sub Voce oportere. "Tribulare pro torquere, &c." Sub Voce Pacifci. Tom. II. "Ode dicolos diftrophos in obitum p. 151: Erafmi Roterodami *."

"Ex Refponfionis ad Convicia Floridi Sabini, Parte prima."

At the end of this laft extract is the following:

"N. B. In titulo hujus libri, ut etiam alius, De Imitatione Ciceroniana adverfus eundem F.S. vocat. fe Galium Aurelium; at in Com mentariis nuncupat Aurelianum.”

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"Stephan. Doletus natus eft Genabi Galliæ Celticæ, urbe pulcherrima: hodie Aurelianum dicitur. Comm. tom. I. p. 938.

"Præceptore Symone Villanovano ufus eft in Linguæ Latinæ puritate, arteque rhetorica, difcendis. Ib. 1178.

"Commentarios fuos edidit ann. 1536 ad ann. ætat. 27 provectus. Ib. in Epift. ad Bud.

"De Opinione librorum argumentum. De animæ mortalitate vel immortalitate fententias, fimul varia de religione judicia, fectafque hominum in 'Deo colendo diverfas, difcutimus iis libris qui de opinione a nobis pofteritati relinquentur, ut nos plane viros vixifle intelligas, non ineptiis cruciatos elanguiffe. Sub voc. Pulmonum. Tom. II. p. 414. "Agnofcit Chriftum. Soteria dicuntur pro die qua Servatorem Chriftum anniverfario luctu profequi inftitutum eft, fupplicio falutari affectum et extinétum. Sub voc. Arbi

trium.

"Vid. plura de illo, Maittaire Annal. typ. t. III. par. I. 9. Et Indic. p. 348."

Thus far the Profeffor.

In Jortin's "Erafmus," II. 723, we are told, that "Duchat fays that the picture and the elogium of Doletus are to be found in the Icones of Beza. They are not (as Jortin obferves) in the edr tion of Geneva, 1580." But for "Bewe fhould probably fubftitute "Reufner;" as, in the fecond part of

za"

This is elegantly tranflated by your learned vindicator of Dolet in p. 1039.

his Icones, Bafil. 1589, octavo, occurs
"Stephanus Doletus Aurelius Gallus,"
over his print; under which is this dif-
tich by Nicolaus Reufnerus:
"Cuneta dolans ad amuffim, examino cuncta
Doletus :

Me tamen & rurfus Mufica turba dolat."
N. R.

On the oppofite page are three farcaftic copies of verfes In Steph. Doletum: Jul. Cæf. Scaligeri."

In Daniel George Morhof's "Polyhiftor Literarius," lib. IV. cap. 9, fect. II, is a fhort mention of Dolet. See alfe Baillet's "Jugemens des Savans" in feveral places; and Schelhorn's "Amœn. Hift. Ecclef. et Lit." I. 866.

Dr. Jortin pronounces the verses of Dolet on the death of Erafmus as "good for nothing," in his "Remarks on the Works of Erafmus," as published by Le Clerc. See his fecond volume of the Life of Erafmus, pp. 132, 133. Are these the verses tranflated by your correfpondent in vol. LXII. p. 1039? If fo, Who fhall decide when criticks difagree?

In Gent. Mag. for 1793, p. 649, col. 1, the fecond verfe fhould ftand thus: "Dear lovely offspring from the womb of

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