pendent of the system employed. Stations of this class transmit and receive public messages to and from certain stations only, which are designated in the license. The rates are authorized in the licenses, and if not published in the official list they may be obtained from the licensee.

55. The service of limited public service coast stations shall be carried on by commercial first-grade operators or higher.

56. The service of limited public service inland stations shall be carried on by commercial second-grade operators or higher.

57. CLASS 2.-Limited commercial stations are not open to public service and are licensed for a specific commercial service or services defined in the license. Stations of this class must not transmit to or accept public messages from other stations. No rates are authorized.

58. If a coast station, the operators shall hold a commercial second-grade license or higher. (Par. 57.)

Limited com

mercial.

59. CLASS 3.-Experiment stations. The Secretary of Experimental. Commerce is authorized by section 4 of the act to grant special temporary licenses "to stations actually engaged in conducting experiments for the development of the science of radio communication, or the apparatus pertaining thereto, to carry on special tests, using any amount of power or any wave lengths, at such hours and under such conditions as will insure the least interference with the sending or receipt of commercial or Government radiograms, of distress signals and radiograms, or with the work of other stations." Applicants for such licenses should state any technical result they have already produced, their technical attainments, etc. The fact that an applicant desires to experiment with his equipment does not justify or require a license of this class. Most experiments can be made within the limitations of general and restricted amateur station licenses or by use of an artificial antenna to prevent radiation.

60. Experiment stations may be operated by a person holding an experiment and instruction grade license or higher.

61. CLASS 4.-Technical and training-school stations Technical. will be licensed, according to the degree of technical training attained and imparted and to local conditions.

62. The grade of operators required will be specified when the license is issued.

teur.

63. CLASS 5.-Special amateur stations may be licensed Special ama by the Secretary of Commerce to use a longer wave length and a higher power on special application. Applications for this class from amateurs with less than two years' experience in actual radio communication will not be approved. The application must state the experience and purpose of the applicant, the local conditions of radio communication, especially of maritime radio communication in the vicinity of the station, and a special license will be granted only if some substantial benefit to the art or

General teur.

teur.

ama

to commerce apart from individual amusement seems probable. (Sec. 4, fifteenth regulation, act of Aug. 13, 1012.)

64. Special amateur coast stations must be operated by a person holding a commercial second-grade license or higher. Inland stations may be operated by persons holding amateur second-grade licenses or higher.

65. CLASS 6.-General amateur stations are restricted to a transmitting wave length not exceeding 200 meters and a transformer input not exceeding 1 kilowatt. (Sec. 4, fifteenth regulation, act of Aug. 13, 1912.)

Restricted ama- 66. CLASS 7. Restricted amateur stations, within 5 nautical miles of a naval or military station, are restricted to a wave length not exceeding 200 meters and to a transformer input not exceeding one-half kilowatt. (Sec. 4, sixteenth regulation, act of Aug. 13, 1912.)

Special stations.

Changes.

Official list.

Reduction power.

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67. Amateur first or second grade operators or higher are required for general and restricted amateur stations. 68. The license does not specify the number of operators required, but provides that the station shall at all times while in operation be under the care of an operator licensed for that purpose. The grade and number of operators as required by law is determined by the service of the station.

69. Special stations for exceptional distances are land stations designed to carry on transoceanic radio communication as between the United States and European countries, or between the Pacific coast and Hawaii, or from the United States over similar long distances at sea to another land station, or (inland) to carry on radio communication overland over exceptional distances. These stations will all come under one of the classifications named above and the license will indicate the stations for which communication is authorized and indicate the range.

REGULATIONS COMMON TO LAND AND SHIP STATIONS.

70. Any change in the characteristics of the radio apparatus or service of the station must be authorized by the Secretary of Commerce.

71. Every land and ship station open to general public service shall have, as a part of the station equipment, a copy of the Official Berne List of Radiotelegraph Stations and supplements thereto, as issued to comply with section 2 of the act of July 24, 1910. Information concerning the use of this list and method of procuring it is given on page 72, paragraph 196.

72. The service regulations of the London convention, Article VII, paragraphs 1 and 2b, require a reduction of power or range under certain conditions. A proper resistance, impedance coil, or reactance regulator in the primary circuit is recommended. In certain cases the reduction of voltage or decreasing of coupling may be approved upon recommendations of radio inspectors.

RADIO LAWS AND REGULATIONS.

73. Persons or corporations holding licenses for radio stations, either land or ship, should, if practicable, submit the license to the radio inspector for the district, whenever the station or vessel goes out of commission for a period exceeding three months. The Commissioner of Navigation should be notified promptly of any intention to suspend or discontinue the service of any commercial station.

74. If there is no intention to resume the same service or if the station or vessel will enter a different service from that indicated by the license, the radio inspector will submit the license to the Bureau, together with a statement of the facts. Otherwise the radio inspector may retain the license in his files for safekeeping until the date of its expiration, when it will be forwarded to the Bureau for cancellation.

75. When the station goes into commission the owner may apply to the radio inspector for the return of the license. The radio inspector will satisfy himself that the station corresponds to the schedule of the station as shown in the license, and if so, the license will be returned.

76. Stations desiring to conduct tests should communicate with the radio inspector by letter or telephone, stating the probable length of time that will be required. Stations conducting such tests or temporary experiments should "listen in," to determine that no interference is being caused, and during the tests should "listen in" frequently for the interference signal, "QR M." Stations conducting tests should transmit their official call signal frequently. Attention is invited to the act of August 13, 1912, section 5:

That every license granted under the provisions of this act for the operation or use of apparatus for radio communication shall prescribe that the operator thereof shall not willfully or maliciously interfere with any other radio communication. Such interference shall be deemed a misdemeanor, and upon a conviction thereof the owner or operator, or both, shall be punishable by a fine not to exceed five hundred dollars or imprisonment for not to exceed one year, or both.

77. The Department holds that interference caused by tests of the character described above (par. 76) is "willful" when no "listening in" precautions are taken and the call signal of the station sending is not repeated at intervals.

APPLICATIONS FOR SHIP AND LAND STATION LI-
CENSES, RENEWALS, AND DUPLICATES.

commission.

Stations out of

Testing.

empt from license.

78. The act does not apply either afloat or ashore to Apparatus ex(a) Apparatus for radio communication which merely receives radiograms and is not equipped for sending; (b) apparatus for the transmission of radiograms exclusively between points in the same State, if the effect of such transmission does not extend beyond the State (so as to interfere with the radio communication of other States), or if the effect of such transmission does not interfere with the reception of radiograms from beyond the

Ship stations.

Land stations.

Applications for licenses.

State (so as to interfere with the interstate radio communication of that State); (c) apparatus for radio communication which has been issued to the Organized Militia by the War Department or to the Naval Militia by the Navy Department and is used for official purposes only.

79. The owner or operator of any apparatus who may be in doubt whether his apparatus, under this paragraph, is exempt from license may write the facts to the radio inspector for his district before applying for a license. 80. The apparatus for transmission of radiograms, or signals on any vessel of the United States not permanently moored, requires a license.

81. Apparatus for radio communication on land within the jurisdiction of the United States (excluding the Philippine Islands and excluding apparatus of the Government of the United States) must be licensed if-(a) the apparatus is a means of commercial intercourse among the several States or with foreign nations; or (b) the apparatus transmits radiograms or signals the effect of which at any time extends beyond the State; or (c) the apparatus interferes with the receipt of messages in any State from beyond such State.

82. Station licenses for the use and operation of apparatus for radio communication under the act may be issued only to citizens of the United States or Porto Rico or to a company incorporated under the laws of some State or Territory or of the United States or Porto Rico.

83. Licenses can be issued to clubs if they are incorporated or if a member will accept the responsibility for the operation of the apparatus, carrying with it the possibility of being penalized for infraction of the laws.

84. Applications for station licenses of all classes should be addressed to the United States Radio Inspector for the district in which the station is located, who will forward the necessary blank forms and information. The limits of the districts and addresses of radio inspectors are given on page 68, paragraph 166.

85. Upon receipt of the forms, properly completed, the radio inspector will make a thorough inspection of the station if practicable.

86. When applications and forms have been properly submitted, the stations may be operated in accordance with the laws and regulations governing the class of station for which application for license has been made, until such time as the application can be acted upon unless the applicant is otherwise instructed and provided temporary official call letters are assigned.

87. General and restricted amateur-station licenses are issued directly by radio inspectors. Station licenses of all other classes are issued from the office of the Commissioner of Navigation, Department of Commerce. Applications and forms are forwarded by radio inspectors with recommendations by them.

88. Stations desiring to operate different portions of the day under different classifications shall submit application for each service, giving exact hours for each. If approved, each classification will be specified in the license.

cants.

89. The owner of an amateur station may operate Amateur applihis station in accordance with the laws if his application for a license has been properly filed but has not been acted upon. An application for an operator's license must also have been filed and every effort made to obtain the license before the station may be operated.

90. "Provisional" station licenses are issued to amateurs remote from the headquarters of the radio inspector of the district in which the station is located. These licenses are issued as a matter of convenience and record. If, upon inspection, the station is found to comply with the law, the inspector will strike out the word "Provisional" and insert the date of inspection and his signature at the bottom of the license.

91. If such a station is found not to comply with the law the provisional license may be canceled until such time as the apparatus is readjusted to meet the requirements of the law: Provided, however, That consideration will be given to any reports of interference filed against such a station.

92. All persons are warned that it is unlawful to operate Renewals stations after licenses have expired unless application for station licenses. renewal has been properly made.

93. Owners desiring to renew licenses must complete new forms as prescribed for original applications. Amateur-station licenses issued on current forms may be renewed by the following indorsement on the back, provided no changes in the equipment or location have been made; otherwise a new license will be issued: "This license renewed for one year. Radio Inspector." The Commissioner of Navigation will be notified of the name and call signal in every case of renewal in this manner.

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94. Any person applying for a duplicate license to re- Duplicates place an original which has been lost, mutilated, or de- station licenses. stroyed will be required to submit an affidavit to the Bureau of Navigation through the radio inspector of the district, attesting the facts regarding the manner in which the original was lost. The Commissioner of Navigation will consider the facts in the case and advise the radio inspector in regard to the issue of a duplicate license, or a duplicate will be forwarded through the inspector's office. 95. A duplicate license will be issued under the same serial number as the original and will be marked "Duplicate" in red across the face.

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