conformity between the object before us, and the defign of the artift; if, defcending to particulars, we examine a fingle column, we shall find it perfect in all its parts; and that the length of the fhaft, and the ornaments of its capital, are so formed as convey ideas of ftrength, elegance, or grandeur, the characteristics of the three orders, and which include every modification of either utility or beauty. like a real action, which was a principal object with all their tragedians. But nothing in the Greek theatre ftrikes us with that aftonishment, as the echea, or brazen veffels, as Vitruvius calls them, which were placed under the feats of the fpectators, and difpofed by the most exact geometric and harmonic proportion, in fuch a manner as to reverberate the voice of the actor, and render the articulation more clear and harmonious; and fuch was the excellence of this contrivance, that a perfon placed in the fartheft part of the theatre could hear diftinctly every fyllable of the play. How this was accomplished is not eafy to concieve-certain I am, that it could not be effected without a more perfect knowledge, not only of architecture, but of various branches of the mathematics, than we at present poffefs! for few of the advocates for the moderns will, I believe, have the vanity to affert, that any perfon of this age can communicate found, clearly and distinctly, by an invention of that na ure, through the fmaller and lefs crowded the tres of Lon-Lempiter, had but a very flender fti don and Paris Let us now confider the comparative merits of the Egyptian and Grecian architecture. On viewing the former, we are ftruck with that idea of grandeur which rifes from the magnitude of the object, and cannot help expreffing our admiration and aftonishment, when we confider the vaft difproportion between the building and the builder! when we reflect on the limited powers of man, and behold the effects of united and continued labour. Their coloffal flatues, and the laborious and minute ornaments with which they overcharged their buildings, muft likewife excite in us an admiration of their industry. But they were ftrangers to that beauty which proceeds from correctness of defign, and a graceful and harmonious difpofition of parts. They were likewife ignorant of what we confider as fome of the firft principles of architecture. I have already obferved that they knew not how to turn an arch, neither were they happy in the difpofition of their lights. Pillars, it is true, are to be feen in their buildings, but to much out of all proportion, that infiead of a beauty, they may be confidered as a defect-the ornaments of the capital are laboured, lifeless, and uniform. Egypt, though the parent of almoft every art, yet never carried one to its higheft ftate of poffible perfection. The fire of genius was extinguifhed by the rigid laws, and fict economy of their government; but in Greece the powers of the human mind had full liberty to expand themselves, and to that happy climate we owe that combination of judgment and feeling which conftitutes true tafle. This reigns in all their works of art, and whether we contemplate a building or a Ratue, we are flruck with an idea of beauty, effect of a juft imitation of nature, or a • From what has been faid, I think I may venture to affirm, that architecture in Greece, during the time of Alexander the Great, had reached the highest perfection of which it was capable. That the Greeks were far fuperior, in that art, to the Egyp tians, Babylonians, and all the nations of antiquity; and that the excellence of the moderns confifts in a happy imitation of thofe models of perfection which are left us by that polite and enlightened people. Anecdotes of the late Lord Pomfret. pend, and was at one time compelled to His lordship was a good fcholar, according to the ufual acceptation of the phrase; but having met with an accident from his nurfe in his infancy, which obliged him to Le trepanned, his memory became very trea cherous, and therefore he made but a flight figure as an orator in the fenate. The challenge he fent to the Duke of G—, is recent in almost every one's memory, and its confequences preyed fo much upon his fpirits, that he fcarcely ever afterwards appeared in public, but devoted himself to the jolly God, with a few boon companions. This fate of inactivity brought on feveral diforders, the gout and dropfy were amongft the foremost of his complaints-he endeavoured to parry off the blow literally, and had, as is mentioned in his Spectator, a man painted, of his own dimenfions, against the wainfcot, and fenced with him every day two or three hours and though he ima ginarily flew his antagonist every hour, he at length fell a victim to this fuppofitious foe, who gave him no quarter as far as he was able to defend himself, and threw him into a violent fever that terminated his days. The (Continued from p. 573-) N the morning the fecond lieutenant was fent to bring the mafter back, foon after which four Indians, in a fmall canoe, were within fight. The captain now determined to take no notice of thefe people, as the moft likely way to be noticed by them. This project answered; two of them came within mufquet fhot of the veffel, where they converted very loud; in return, the people on board fhouted, and made figns of invitation. The Indians gradually ap proached, with their lances held up; not in a menacing manner, but as if they meant to intimate that they were capable of defending themfelves. They caine almoft along fide, when the captain threw them cloth, nails, paper, &c. which did not seem to attract their notice, at length one of the failors threw a fmall fish, which fo pleafed them, that they hinted their defigns of bringing their companions, and immediately rowed for the fhore. In the interim, Tupia and fome of the crew landed on the oppolite fore. The four Indians now came quite along-fide the fhip, and having received farther prefents, landed where Tupia and the failors had gone. They had each two lances, and a flick with which they threw them. Advancing towards the English, Tupia perfuaded them to lay down their arms, and fit by him, which they readily did. Others of the crew now going on 'fhore, the Indians feemed jealous, left they should get between them and their arms, but care was taken to convince them that no fuch thing was intended, and more trifles were prefented to thern. The crew ftaid with them till dinner-time, and then made figns of invitation for them to go to the fhip and eat; but this they declined, and retired in their canoe. Thele men were of the common ftature, with very fmall limbs; their complexion was of a deep chocolate; their hair black, either lank or curled, but not of the woolly kind; the breafts and upper lip of one of them were painted with ftreaks of white, which he called car banda, and some part of their bodies had been painted red. Their teeth were white and even, their eyes bright, and their features rather pleafing; their voices mutical, and they repeated feveral Engih words with great readiness. The vifit of three of thefe Indians was renewed the next morning, and they brought with them a fourth, whoin they called Yaparic, who appeared to be a perion of fome confequence. The bone of a bird, about fix inches long, was thruft through the griftle of his nofe; and indeed all the inhabitants of this place had their noses bored, for the Gent. Mag. Dec. 1785. reception of fuch an ornament. These people being all naked, the captain gave one of them an old fhirt, which he bound round his head like a turban, inftead of ufing it to cover any part of his body. They brought a fifh to the fhip, which was fuppofed to be in payment for that given them the day before: after ftaying fome time, with apparent fatisfaction, they fuddenly leaped into their canoe, and rowed off, from a jealousy of fome of the gentlemen who were examining it. Three Indians vifited Tupia's tent on the 12th of July, and after remaining feine time, went for two others, whom they introduced by name. Some fish was offered them, but they feemed not much to regard it, and after eating a little, they gave the remainder to Mr. Banks's dog. Some ribbands which had been given them, to which medals were fufpended round their necks, were fo changed by finoke, that it was difficult to judge what colour they had been, and the fmoke had made their skins look darker than their natural colour, from whence it was thought that they had flept clofe to their fires, as a preventative against the fting of the mufquitos. Both the ftrangers had bones through their nofes, and a piece of bark fied over their foreheads; and one of them had an ornament of ftrings round his arm; and an elegant necklace made of fhells. Their canoe was about ten feet long, and calculated to held four perfons, and when it was. in fhallow water they moved it by the help of poles. Their lances had only a fingle point, and fome of them were barbed with fifh bones. On the 14th Mr. Gore fhot one of the moufe-coloured animals above-mentioned. It chanced to be a young one, weighing more than 38 pounds; but when they are full grown, they are as large as a freep. The fkin of this beaft, which is called Kangaroo, is covered with fhort, fur, and is of a dark moufe colour; the head and ears are fomewhat like thofe of a hare; this animal was drefled for dinner, and proved fine eating. The thip's crew fed on turtle atineft every day, which were finer than thofe eaten in England, owing to their being killed before their natural fat was wasted, and their juices changed Mr. Banks and Dr. Solander went with the captain into the woods on the 17th, and faw four Indians in a canoe, who went on fhore, and walked up without fign of fear. They accepted fome beads, and departed, intimating that they did not chufe to be followed. The natives being now become familiar with the fhip's crew, one of them was defired to throw his lance, which he did with fuch dexterity and force, that tha it was not above four feet from the at the higheft, it penetrate Kkkk Ock; but tree at the diftance of fifty yards. The na- The natives fill continuing in fight, a mufquet charged with ball was fired near them, upon hearing which they foon got out of fight: but their voices being heard in the wood, and feening to come nearer, the captain with a few people, went to meet them. When they were in fight of each other both parties topped, except an old Indian, who advanced before the reft a little way, but foon halted, and fpeaking a few words, retreated to his brethren, and they all retired flowly together. The English having feized fome of their darts, followed them about a mile, and then fat down, the Indians fitting about a hundred yards from them. The old man again came forward, having in his hand a lance with a point. He flopjped and spoke feveral times, on which the tafle. tain made figns of friendship. The old and when now tried to his companions, and flatue, we are fir hom they placed their the effect of a juft imita lances against a tree, and came forward a in friendship, whereupon their darts, which had been taken, were returned, and the whole quarrel feemed at an end. The Indians having accepted fome trinkets, walked amicably towards the coaft, intimating by figns that they would not fire the grafs again. They fat down oppofite the fhip, but woul not go on board, and they accepted a few muiquet-balls, the ufe and effect of which the captain endeavoured to explain to them. When Captain Cook got on board, he faw the woods burning at the distance of twa miles. The mafter having been fent to fearch for a paffage to the northward, returned with an account that he could not find any. B the night of the 20th, the fire had extende! many miles round them on the hills, whi at night formed an appearance that was very striking. On the 22d they killed a turtk, through both fhoulders of which fuck a wooden harpoon, which the Indians had ftricken it with, and the wound was quite healed. The next day, one of the feame, who had frayed from his company, met with four Indians at dinner; he was alarmed at this unexpected meeting, but had prodence enough to conceal his apprehenfions, and fitting down by them gave them his knife, which having all looked at, they returned; he then would have left them, but they chose to detain him till, by feeling his hands and face, they were convinced he was made of flesh and blood like themselves: they then difmiffed him, directing him the nearest way to the fhip. Mr. Banks having gone on fhore in fearch of plants, found the cloth that had been diftributed among the natives, lying in a heap, as a commodity of no value. On the 24th, Meffrs. Solander and Banks found feveral marking-nuts on the ground, but their fearch for the tree that bore them was intirely fruitless. On the 26th, Mr. Banks caught a female animal, called the Opoffum, with two young ones. By the 29th the fhip was ready for sea, but there was not water fufficient for her to pafs the bar. On the first of Auguft they found that the pumps were all rotten; but as the vellel admitted only an inch of water in an hour, they hoped the would be ftout enough to hold out the voyage. On the 4th of this month they put to fea, the pinnace going a-head to keep founding, and at neon came to an anchor, when the captain gave the name of Cape Betford to the northernmoft point of land in fight, and that of Eadeavour River to the harbour which they had quitted. The provifions they obtained while in the harbour, confifted of turtle, which they went fome miles to fea to catch, `oyfters of three different forts, lar cavalhe or fcom ber, ber, large mullets, fore flat fish, a great number of finall scomber, and skait, or ray fish; purflain, wild beans, the tops of cocoas, and cabbage palms. Of quadrupedes there are goats, wolves, and pole-cats; there are many ferpents, only fome of which are venomous; dogs are the only tame animals; the land fowls are kites, crows, hawks, loriquets, cockatoos, parrots, pigeons, and small birds of various kinds, the names of which are not known: the water fowls are wild geefe, curlews, hens, whiftling ducks, which perch on trees, and fome few others. The foil produces the gum tree, and various other kinds of wood, and coarfe grafs. The whole of the country is well watered, and ant-hills abound in every part of it. The captain went to the mast-head on the 4th to look at fome fheals which threatened great danger; and he faw feveral of them above the water. This day fuch a quantity of fith was caught, as allowed a dividend of two pounds to each man. During the fix following days they ftruggled inceffantly to fail safely past the shoals and breakers, by which they were every way furrounded; but, for the prefent, their attempts were vain. On the 10th, they were between a head-land, and three islands, which had been discovered on the preceding day; and began to conceive hopes that they were out of dan ger; but this not proving to be the cafe, the head-land received the name of Cape Flattery. Some land was now feen from the maft-head, which was generally taken for the main, but the captain judged it to be a clufter of islands; am during this diverfity of opinion, the ship came to an anchor. The captain now landed, and afcending a high point, took a furvey of the fea-coaft, by which he was confirmed in his opinion, that what they had feen was not any part of the main, but a number of iflands. On the point where he flood were feen the prints of human feet, in white fand of an exquifite fineness, and the spot was denominated Point Look Out. Early on the 11th, Mr. Banks and the captain went to visit the largest of the three islands, which had been seen from the point the preceding day. Having gained the fummit of the highest hill, they beheld a reef of rocks, on which the fea broke in a frightful manner, but the thickness of the weather prevented a perfect view; they lodged under a bufh during the night, in hopes of having a better prospect in the morning: but the weather proved worse than on the preceding day: yet, as they faw what had the appearance of a channel between the reefs, a perfon was fent to examine it, who found it very narrow. They now fet out to return to the ship, after giving the name of Lizard Island to this place, from their having feen no animals but lizards on it. Upon their ́return they landed on a low fandy ifland, which abounded in birds of various kinds, among which were eagles, a neft of the young of which they took, and called the place Eagle Island. On this fpot they faw the neft of fome birds, which was built with fome sticks on the ground: it was near three feet in height, and twenty-fix round. During the interval of their abfence from the fhip, the mafter had landed on feveral low iflands, where he had feen great heaps of turtle fhells, and found the tins of them which the Indians had left hanging on the trees, fo fresh that they were drefied and eaten by the boats crew. After a converfation held among the officers, it was their concurrent opinion, that it would be beft to leave the coaft, and ftand out to fea, and in confequence of thefe fentiments they failed on the 13th of Auguft, 1770, and got through one of the channels in the reef; happy to be once more in an open fea, after having been furrounded by dreadful fhoals and rocks for near three months. They had now failed above 1000 miles, during all which run they were obliged to keep founding, without the intermiffion of a fingle minute; a circumstance which it is fuppofed, never happened to any fhip but the Endeavour. The iflands, from one of which the paffage to the open sea had been observed, were called the Islands of Direction. They abound in turtle and other fish, and on the beach were found bamboos, cocoa-nuts, pumiceftone, and feeds of plants, which were suppofed to be carried thither by the trade winds, as the plants themselves do not grow in the country. Having anchored on the 14th, they steered a weiterly courfe on the following day, to get fight of the land, that a paffage between that land and new Guinea, might not be miffed, if there were any fuch pallage; early in the afternoon they had fight of land, which had the appearance of hilly islands, but it was judged to be part of the main; and they faw breakers between the veffel and the land, in which there was an opening, to get clear of which they fet all their fails, and ftood to the northward till midnight, and then went on a fouthward tack for about two miles, when the breeze died away to a dead calm. When day-light came on they faw a dreadful furf break at a vast height, within a mile of the fhip, towards which the rolling waves, carried her with great rapidity. Thus diftreifed, the boats were fent a-head to tow, and the head of the veffel was brought about, but not till the was within a hundred yards of the rock, between which and her there was nothing left but the chafm, and which had rifen and broke to a wonderful height on the rock ;Kkkk 2 but but in the moment they expected inftant deftruction, a breeze, hardly difcernable, aided the boats in getting the veffel in an oblique direction from the rock. The hopes, how ever, afforded by this providential circumftance, were deftroyed by a perfect calm, which fucceeded in a few minutes; yet the breeze once more returned, before they had loft the little ground which had been gained. At this time a fmall opening was feen in the reef, and a young officer being fent to examine it, found that its breadth did not much exceed the length of the ship, but that there was fmooth water on the other fide of the rocks. Animated by the hope of preferving life, they now attempted to pass the opening; but this was impoffible; for it having become high water in the interim, the ebb tide rufhed through it with amazing impetuofity, carrying the fhip about a quarter of 4 mile from the reef, and the foon reached the distance of near two miles, by the help of the boats. When the ebb tide was spent, the tide of flood again drove the veffel very near the rocks, fo that their profpect of deftruction was renewed, when they difcovered another opening, and a light breeze fpringing up, they entered it, and were driven through it with a rapidity that prevented the fhip from ftriking against either fide of the channel. The hip now came to an anchor, and her crew were grateful for having regained a ftation, which they had been very lately moft anxious to quit. The name of Providence Channel was given to the opening through which the fhip had thus efcaped the most imminent dangers. A high promontory on the main land in fight, was de nominated Cape Weymouth, and a bay near it Wermouth Bay. This day the boats went out to fish, and met with great fuccefs, particularly in catching cockles, fome of which were of fuch an amazing fize, as to require the firength of two men to move them. Mr. Banks likewife fucceeded in his fearch for rare fhells, and different kinds of coral. On the 8th, they difcovered feveral finall iflands, which were called Forbes's Iflands, and had a fight of a high point of land on the main, which was named the Bolt Head. On the 19th they difcovered feveral other fmall iflands, the land of which was low, barren, and fandy. A point was feen, and called Cape Grenville, and a bay which took the name of Temple Bay. In the afternoon many other iflands were feen, which were denominated bird Ijles, from their being frequented by numerous flocks of birds. On the 20th many more small islands were seen, on one of which were a few trees, and feveral Indian huts, fuppofed to have been erected by the natives of the main land, as temporary habitations during their vifit to thefe lands. On the 21ft they failed through a channel, in which was a number of foals; and gave the name of York Cape to a point. of the main land which forms the fide of the channel. A large bay is formed to the fouth of the cape, which was called Newrofile Bay, and in which are feveral little iflands; on the north fide of the cape, the land is rather mountainous, but the iow parts of the country abound with trees; the islands difcovered in the morning of this day, were called York Iles. In the afternoon they anchored between fome iflands, and obferved, that the channel now began to grow wider; they perceived two diftant points, between which no land could be feen, fo that the hope of having at length explored a paffage into the Indian Sea, began to animate every breaft; but, to bring the matter to a certain. ty, the captain took a party, and being accompanied by Mefirs. Solander and Banks, they landed on an ifiand, on which they had feen a number of I dians, ten of whom were on a hill, one of them carrying a bow and a bundle of arrows, the rest armed with lances; and round the necks of two of them hung ftrings of mother of pearl. Three of thele Indians ftood on fhore, as if to oppofe the landing of the boat, but they retired before it reached the beach. The captain and his company now afcended a hill, from whence they had a view of near forty miles, in which space there was nothing that threa-1 tened to oppofe their paffage, fo that the certainty of a channel seemed to be almost indubitable, Previous to their leaving the ifland, Captain Cook_displayed the Englim colours, and took poffeffion of all the eaĥorn coaft of the country, from the 38th deg, of fouth latitude, to the prefent fpot, by the name of New South Wales, for his fovereign, the King of Great Britain; and three volleys of fmall arms being fired, and anfwered by an equal number from the Endeavour, the place received the name of Posselisu Ifland. The next morning they saw three naked women collecting fhell fish on the beach; and weighing anchor, gave the name of Cape Cornwall to the extreme point of the largest island en the north-weft fide of the paflage; fome low iflands near the middie of the channel receiving the name of Wallis's fle; foon after which the fhip came to an anchor, and the long beat was fent out to found. Towards evening they failed again, and the captain landed with Mr. Banks, on a finall inland which was frequented by immenfe numbers of birds, the majority of which being boobies, the place received the name of Booby Island. They were now advanced to the northern extremity of New Holland, and had the fatisfaction of viewing the open fea to the weftward. The northcaft entrance of the pallage is formed by the main land of New Holland, and by a num ber |