plorer's house, Livingstone hearing for the first time of the great changes in Europe.

14. They sat long together, with their faces turned eastward, noting the dark shadows creeping up above the groves of palms beyond the village and the rampart of mountains; listening to the sonorous thunder of the surf of Tanganyika, and to the dreamy chorus which the nightinsects sang.

15. Mr. Stanley remained four months in the company of Dr. Livingstone, during which time an intimate and rich friendship grew up between the two men. From November 10, 1871, until March 14, 1872, they were together daily. Dr. Livingstone had been in Africa since March, 1866. He left Zanzibar in April of that year for the interior, with thirty men, and worked studiously at his high mission of correcting the errors of former travelers until early in 1869, when he arrived at Ujiji and took a brief rest.

16. He had been deserted in the most cowardly manner by the majority of his followers, and was much of the time in want. At the end of June, 1869, he went on to a lake into which the Lualaba ran, and then was compelled to return the weary distance of seven hundred miles to Ujiji. The magnificent result of his labors, both in the interest of science and humanity, are now known to all the world.

17. Livingstone returned with Stanley to Unyanyembe, and on the 14th of March the two men parted, not without tears. It was not until sunset on the 6th of May that the worn and fatigued Stanley re-entered Bagamoyo. The next morning he crossed to Zanzibar, and thence as soon as possible departed for Europe with his precious freight-the Livingstone journals and letters, and his own rich experience. EDWARD KING.

Henry M. Stanley (1) is a native of Wales and was born in the year 1840. His name, originally, was John Rowlands, but he was adopted when a lad by a merchant named Stanley, who gave him the name by which he has become famous. He is one of the most daring and best known of African explorers. In 1871 he was sent to Africa by the New York Herald to find Dr. Livingstone, and was successful in his search, as we have learned from the lesson.

David Livingstone (5), African traveler and Protestant missionary, was born in Scotland in the year 1813, and died in Africa in 1873. When only twenty-seven years old he was sent to Africa by the London Missionary Society. The rest of his life, with the exception of a little over a year, was spent in exploring that country, and the importance of his discoveries can hardly be overestimated. Dr. Livingstone published several books containing accounts of his travels.

LESSON XXVI.

1. per sist'ed; v. persevered; | 2. predĕs' tîned ; a. decided bestood firm.

2. eŏl'lēague;

helper.

n.

forehand.

associate; 3. plight'ing; n. pledging. 5. e rǎd'i cât ed; v. rooted out. 2. pro serîbed'; a. doomed to 5. Im mū'ni ties; n. prividestruction.

leges.

Supposed Speech of John Adams.

1. Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.

It is true, indeed, that in the beginning we aimed not at independence. But

"There's a divinity that shapes our ends."

The injustice of England has driven us to arms; and, blinded to her own interest, she has obstinately persisted, till independence is now within our grasp. We have but to reach forth to it, and it is ours. Why, then, should we defer the Declaration ?

2. Is any man so weak as now to hope for a reconciliation with England which shall leave either safety to

the country and its liberties, or security to his own life and his own honor? Are not you, sir, who sit in that chair; is not he, our venerable colleague near you are you not both already the proscribed and predestined objects of punishment and of vengeance? Cut off from all hope of royal clemency, what are you, what can you be, while the power of England remains, but outlaws?

3. If we postpone independence, do we mean to carry on or to give up the war? Do we mean to submit, and consent that we shall be ground to powder, and our country and its rights trodden down in the dust? I know we do not mean to submit. We NEVER shall submit! Do we intend to violate that most solemn obligation ever entered into by men, that plighting, before God, of our sacred honor to Washington, when, putting him forth to incur the dangers of war as well as the political hazards of the times, we promised to adhere to him in every extremity with our fortunes and our lives? I know there is not a man here who would not rather see a general conflagration sweep over the land, or an earthquake sink it, than one jot or tittle of that plighted faith fall to the ground. For myself, having twelve months ago, in this place, moved you that George Washington be appointed commander of the forces raised, or to be raised, for the defense of American liberty, may my right hand forget her cunning, and my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if I hesitate or waver in the support I give him.

4. The war, then, must go on. We must fight it through. And, if the war must go on, why put off the Declaration of Independence? That measure will strengthen us. It will give us character abroad. Nations will then treat with us, which they never can do while we acknowledge ourselves subjects in arms against our sovereign. Nay, I

maintain that England herself will sooner treat for peace with us on the footing of independence than consent, by repealing her acts, to acknowledge that her whole conduct toward us has been a course of injustice and oppression. Her pride will be less wounded by submitting to that course of things which now predestinates our independence than by yielding the points in controversy to her rebellious subjects. The former, she would regard as the result of fortune; the latter, she would feel as her own deep disgrace. Why, then, do we not change this from a civil to a national war? And, since we must fight it through, why not put ourselves in a state to enjoy all the benefits of victory, if we gain the victory ?

But we shall

5. If we fail, it can be no worse for us. not fail. The cause will raise up armies; the cause will create navies. The people-the people, if we are true to them, will carry us, and will carry themselves, gloriously through this struggle. I care not how fickle other people have been found. I know the people of these colonies; and I know that resistance to British aggression is deep and settled in their hearts and cannot be eradicated. Sir, the Declaration of Independence will inspire the people with increased courage. Instead of a long and bloody war for the restoration of privileges, for redress of grievances, for chartered immunities, held under a British king, set before them the glorious object of entire independence, and it will breathe into them anew the spirit of life.

6. Read this Declaration at the head of the army: every sword will be drawn, and the solemn vow uttered to maintain it or perish on the bed of honor. Publish it from the pulpit: religion will approve it, and the love of religious liberty will cling around it, resolved to stand with it or fall with it. Send it to the public halls; proclaim it

there. Let them see it who saw their brothers and their sons fall on the field of Bunker Hill and in the streets of Lexington and Concord, and the very walls will cry out in its support.

7. Sir, I know the uncertainty of human affairs, but I see—I see clearly through this day's business. You and I, indeed, may rue it. We may not live to see the time this Declaration shall be made good. We may die; die colonists; die slaves; die, it may be ignominiously, and on the scaffold. Be it so be it so. If it be the pleasure of Heaven that my country shall require the poor offering of my life, the victim shall be ready at the appointed hour of sacrifice, come when that hour may. But while I do live, let me have a country, or at least the hope of a country, and that a FREE country.

8. But whatever may be our fate, be assured-be assured that this Declaration will stand. It may cost treasure and it may cost blood; but it will stand, and it will richly compensate for both. Through the thick gloom of the present I see the brightness of the future as the sun in heaven. We shall make this a glorious, an immortal day. When we are in our graves, our children will honor it. They will celebrate it with thanksgiving, with festivity, with bonfires and illuminations. On its annual return they will shed tears-copious, gushing tears; not of subjection and slavery, not of agony and distress, but of exultation, of gratitude, and of joy.

My

9. Sir, before God, I believe the hour is come. judgment approves the measure, and my whole heart is in it. All that I have, and all that I am, and all that I hope in this life, I am now ready here to stake upon it; and I leave off as I began, that live or die, survive or perish, I am for the Declaration. It is my living sentiment, and, by