EXERCISE II. Point out the relative pronouns in the following sentences, name their antecedents, and tell whether the relative clauses introduce additional facts about the antecedents, or limit and restrict their meaning. 1. He that is not with me is against me. 2. The man who provides a home for a poor neighbor is a greater benefactor of the poor than he who lays the foundation of a stately almshouse and never finishes a single apartment. — J. HAMILTON. 3. Those who live without a plan have never any leisure. 24. The Carrier, who had turned his face from the door, signed to him to go if he would. — DICKENS. 5. Carefully then were covered the embers that glowed on the hearth-stone. - LONGFellow. 46. Not far from the gateway they came to a bridge, which seemed to be built of iron. - HAWTHORNE. 7. The first spring wild-flowers, whose shy faces among the dry leaves and rocks are so welcome, yield no honey. -JOHN BURROUGHS. 68. The tongue is like a race-horse, which runs the faster the less weight it carries.-ADDISON. 1.9. 8.10. We were the first that ever burst Bordered with trees whose gay leaves fly And ask the sower's hand. - BRYANT. A relative pronoun has the same person, number, and gender as its antecedent; as, I. And will your mother pity me, Who am a maiden most forlorn ?-COLERIDGE. All things, both great and small. — COLERIDGE. LESSON XXIX. COMPOSITION. Compare any two of the following, and state clearly some of the most striking points of resemblance and difference in their structure, habits, or uses: Model. - BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. Butterflies and moths when flying look very much alike. Butterflies fly only in the daytime, however, while most moths fly at night. Both butterflies and moths have four wings. When a butterfly is at rest, it holds its wings erect. When a moth is at rest, its wings are folded over the body like a flat roof. Butterflies have thread-like feelers, knobbed or club-shaped at the ends. Moths have thread-like or feathered feelers, tapering at each end. 1 LESSON XXX. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS. How are the italicized words used in the following sentences: 1. Who comes here? 2. Which reached home first? 3. What is the news? A pronoun used in asking a question is called an interrogative pronoun. The interrogative pronouns are who, which, and what. Who refers to persons. It is declined like the relative who. Which refers to persons or to things. It implies selection; as, Which of the brothers sings? Which of the chairs do you prefer? What refers to things; as, What was in the box? Which and what are sometimes used as interrogative adjectives; as, Where are they now? What lands and skies Paint pictures in their friendly eyes? What hope deludes, what promise cheers, What pleasant voices fill their ears?- LONGFELLOW. EXERCISE I. Point out the pronouns in the following sentences, tell the kind of each pronoun, and name its case: 1. Who can understand his errors? 2. The child sat silent beneath a tree, hushed in her very breath by the stillness of the night, and all its attendant wonders. - DICKENS. 3. Nearly all the most charming of the singing-birds prefer the early morning and the evening twilight for their vocal performances, though some of them sing far into the night. M. THOMPSON. 4. The stranger at my fireside cannot see The forms I see nor hear the sounds I hear; He but perceives what is; while unto me All that has been is visible and clear.-Longfellow. 5. All things that are on earth shall wholly pass away, Except the love of God, which shall live and last for aye. 6. He is the freeman whom the truth makes free. COWPER. 7. Ah! what is that sound which now bursts on his ear? - DIMOND. jady 8. Who, among the whole chattering crowd, can tell me of the forms and the precipices of the chain of tall white mountains that girded the horizon at noon yesterday? Who saw the narrow sunbeam that came out of the south, and smote upon their summits until they melted and mouldered away in a dust of blue rain? Who saw the dance of the dead clouds when the sunlight left them last night, and the west wind blew them before it like withered leaves?- RUSKIN. EXERCISE II. Write sentences containing I. Who used as a relative pronoun in the nominative case; as a relative pronoun in the possessive case as a rel ative pronoun in the objective case; as as an interrogative pronoun. 2. Which used as an adjective; as a relative pronoun; as an interrogative pronoun. 3. What used as an adjective; as a relative pronoun; as an interrogative pronoun. 4. That used as an adjective; as an adjective pronoun; as a relative pronoun. LESSON XXXI. CORRECT USE OF PRONOUNS. I. Fill the blanks with nominative, possessive, or objective forms of pronouns. Tell why each form should be used: I. Do unto others as would that should do unto 2. Gray-headed shepherd, hast spoken well. |