1 gerg. 4 Texture and Cohesion of its Subftance in any Part. This may be tranfverfely, across the Bont; or longitudinally, along the Bone; or obliquely, between both. Fractures are Simple, or fuch as happen without a Wound; or else Compound, as when they are attended with Wounds; and thefe are most dangerous, and the more, fo as they are in a larger Bone, and nearer the Joint The Curative IN the Curative Part of Surgery, the IntenPart of Sur- tions and Manner of Cure are various, according to the Nature of the Distemper, and the Circumstances thereof. However, the principal Intentions are as follow. (1.) Derivation, or drawing the Humours away, (which threaten any noble Part,) to the Parts adjacent, or on the fame Side. (2.) Revulfion, which is a Drawing away the Humours to the oppofite Side or Part. (3.) Difcuffion, which is an Evacuation of thin peccant Matter by Perfpiration, or by repelling the Humours back into the Mafs of Blood. (4.) Refolution, or changing the Humours from peccant to a falutary State. (5.) Suppuration and Maturation fignify the Ripening or bringing the Matter of the Tumour into Pus or laudable Matter. (6.) Digeftion, which is the promoting a Discharge of fuppurated Matter by proper Medicines. (7.) Mundification, which is a deterging or cleanfing the Tumour after the Matter is discharged, and fitting it for (8.) Incarnation, or healing and filling it up with new Flesh. (9.) Cicatrization, which is the Inducing a Skin upon the Sore now cured, fo as to leave as fmall a Cicatrix, or Scar, as poffible. Thefe Intentions principally regard Tumours, Ulcers, Wounds, &c. in the Fleb; befide which there are many which refpect the Bones, and therefore will be next taken notice of among the Mans Operations. And indeed what is perform'd by the the Hand makes the principal Part of the Sur- THE Surgeon, as well as the Phyfician, is The Medicines obliged to make ufe of Medicines to answer most used in Surof his Intentions, and fuch, in this Cafe, are gery. call'd Topical Applications; these consist chiefly of Plaifters, Cerates, Unguents, Oils, Infufions, &c. and are (according to their Quality) diftributed into the following Kinds. (1.) AbsterSitt gents, gents, or Detergents, which cleanse the Wound, Inftruments FOR Manual Operations the Surgeon is pro- gery. I fhall I fhall juft name as follows. (1.) Acantabolus, to draw out fplinter'd Bones, Hairs, &c. from Wounds. (2.) Amma, a Kind of Girdle or Trufs. (3.) Bathrum, contrived for the Ease and Security of the Luxated Joints after Reduction. (4.) Catheter, an hollow Inftrument to put up the Penis into the Bladder, to affift in making Urine, in cafe of the Stone and Gravel. (5.) Atual Cautery, a red hot Iron for Searing any Part. (6.) Potential Cautery, any cauftic Medicine. (7.) Glyfter-Pipe, well known. (8.) Cucurbitula, a Cupping-Glafs. (9.) Cyclifcus, in the Form of an Half-Moon, to scrape away Rottennefs withal. (10.) Dentagra, to draw Teeth withal. (11.) Dentifcalpe, to cleanse the Teeth with. (12.) Forceps, like a Pair of Tongs, to extract any thing out of Wounds, &c. (13.) Forfex, to extract or draw Teeth with. (14.) Lancet, an Inftrument well known. (15.) Modiolus, that Part of the Trepan which cuts the Bone circularly. (16.) Perizoma, Truffes to keep up Ruptures. (17.) Probe, a fmall long Inftrument to search the Wounds with. (18.) Retinaculum, us'd in Caftration, cutting Hernia's, &c. (19.) Roftrum, crooked Sciffars, like a Bird's Bill. (20.) Sanguifuge, a Leach. (21.) Scala or Ladder, an Inftrument for refting and defending dislocated and broken Limbs. (22.) Scarificatory, ufed to make Scarification, being a Number of fharp Points, fet on a Plane, which are all ftruck into the Part at once. (23.) Speculum, an Inftrument to open and dilate any Paffage or Orifice, in order to infpect the fame. (24.) Spatula, a little Inftrument for spreading Plaifters, &c. well known. (25.) Syringe, used for injecting medicated Liquors up into any Part. (26.) Tenaculum, fomewhat like the Forceps. (27.) Terebra, Terebellum, or Trepan, an Inftrument used ufed for cutting away the fractur'd Parts of a Bone, particularly of the Scull. (28.) Vectis, ufed as a Supporter or Prop in reducing diflocated, or fetting fractur'd Bones, THERE are divers other Chirurgical Inftruments, of which I know not the Names, befides the divers Sorts of Knives, Saws, Sciffars, &c, in common Ufe, which are too well known, to need Defcription. Of |