* perative public duty not to give them sup- | House at Washington are giving active port at this election under any circum- work to the passage of a tariff bill, the restances. peal of the revenue taxes, and the passage In closing this note, this committee of a two-cent letter postage bill--measures must express its regret, that, having con- anxiously hastened by the Republicans in sidered it desirable to make overtures to order to anticipate friendly and defeat unthe Independent Republicans, you should friendly attempts on the part of the have so far misapprehended the facts of Democratic House, which comes in with the situation. It is our desire to unite the the first session of the 48th Congress. Republican party on the sure ground of In Pennsylvania, as we close this review principle, in the confidence that we are of the struggle of 1882, the Regular and thus serving it with the highest fidelity, and Independent Republican State Committees preserving for the future service of the -at least the heads thereof-are devising Commonwealth that vitality of Repub- a plan to jointly call a Republican State licanism which has made the party useful Convention to nominate the State ticket in the past, and which alone confers upon to be voted for in November, 1883. The it now the right of continued existence. groundswell was so great that it had no The only method which promises this re- sooner passed, than Republicans of all sult in the approaching election is that shades of opinion, felt the need of harproposed by the Independent Republican monious action, and the leaders everycandidates in their letter of July 13th, where set themselves to the work of repair. 1882, which was positively rejected by The Republicans in the South differed your committee. from those of the North in the fact that On behalf of the Independent Repub- their complaints were all directed against lican State Committee of Pennsylvania, a natural political enemy-the BourbonsI. D. MCKEE, Chairman. and wherever there was opportunity they favored and entered into movements with With this communication ended all Independent and Readjuster Democrats, efforts at conciliation, with the sole object of revolutionizing political affairs in the South. Their sucThe election followed, and the Demo- cess in these combinations was only great cratic ticket, headed by Robert E. Pattison in Virginia, but it proved to be promising of Philadelphia, received average in North Carolina, Mississippi, and Louisia plurality of 40,000, and the Independent ana, and may take more definite and Republican ticket' received an average generalshape in the great campaign of 1884. vote of about 43,000-showing that while The Democratic party was evidently Independence organized did not do as well surprised at its great victory in 1882, and in a gubernatorial as it had in a previous has not yet formally resolved what it will off-year, it yet had force enough to defeat do with it. The Congress beginning with the Republican State ticket headed by December, 1883, will doubtless give some Gen. James A. Beaver. All of the three indication of the drift of Democratic sereral State tickets were composed of events. blo men, and the force of both of the The most notable law passed in the Bepublican tickets on the hustings excited closing session of the 47th Congress, was great interest and excitement; yet the the Civil Service Reform Bill, introduced Republican vote, owing to the division, by Senator Geo. H. Pendleton of Ohio, was not out by nearly one hundred thou- but prepared under the direction of the sand, and fifty thousand more Republicans Senate "Judiciary Committee. The Rethan Democrats remained at home, many publicans, feeling that there was of them purposely. In New York, where public demand for the passage of a dissatisfaction had no rallying point, about measure of the kind, eagerly rushed to its two hundred thousand Republicans re- support, at a time when it was apparent mained at home, some because of anger at that the epoils of office might slip from the defeat of Gov. Cornell in the State their hands. From opposite motives the nominating convention-some in protest Democrats, who had previously encouragainst the National Administrations, aged, now ran away from it, but it passed which was accused of the desire for direct both' Houses with almost a solid Repubendorsement where it presented the name lican vote, a few Democrats in each House of Hon Chas. J. Folger, its Secretary of voting with them. President Arthur the Treasury, as the home gubernatorial signed the bill, but at this writing the candidate, mothers because of some of the Commission which it creates has not been many reasons set forth in th. bill of appointed, and of course none of the rules complaints which enumerates the causes and constructions under the act have been of the dissatisfaction within the party, formulated. Its basic principles are fixed At this writing the work of Republican tenure in minor places, competitive exrepair is going on. Both the Senate and aminations, and non-partisan selections. an some POLITICAT CHANGES-1883. In the fall of 1883 nearly all of the States / where the Republican State ticket recèived swept by the tidal wave of 1882 showed about 20,000 majority, after the reunion of that it had either partially or completely the Regular and Independent factions. receded, and for the first time since the In Pennsylvania the efforts at reconciliaclose of the Hayes administration (always tion made in the Continental Conference, excepting the remarkable Garfield-Han- and in subsequent conventions, gave fruit cock campaign), the Republican party ex. in 1883, and at this writing in July, 1884 hibited plain signs of returning unity and there is no mark of division throughout the strength. Henry Ward Beecher has wittily entire State, if we except such as must in. said that “ following the war the nation evitably follow the plain acceptance of needed a poultice, and got it in the Hayes Free Trade and Protective issues. Very administration.” The poultice for a time few of the Republicans of Pennsylvania only drew the sores into plainer view, and favor Free Trade, and only in the ranks of healing potions were required for the con- this few could any division be traced after tests immediately following. The divisions the close of the elections of 1883. of 1882 were as much the result of the non Ohio was an exception to the Republican action of the Hayes administration, as of work of reconciliation. Division still conthe misunderstandings and feuds which tinued, and Judge Hoadly, a leading later on found bitter manifestation between and very talented Democrat, was elected the Stalwarts and Half Breeds of New Governor by about 15,000 majority, after a York. contest which involved the expenditure of The Independents took no organized form large sums of money. In the Convention except in New York and Pennsylvania, and which nominated Hoadly, Senator Penyet the underlying causes of division for the dleton was practically overthrown because time swept from their Republican moorings of his attachment to the Civil Service law not only the States named, but also Massa- which takes his name, and later on he was chusetts, Connecticut, Ohio, Indiana, defeated for U. S. Senator by Mr. Payne, Michigan, Kansas, Colorado and Califor the McLean and Bookwalter factions nia. uniting for his overthrow, which was acThe year 1882 seemed the culmination complished despite the efforts of Thurman, of every form of Republican division, and Ward and other leaders of the older ele. then everything in the States named gave ments of the party. Both the Hoadly and place to faction. Very wisely the Repub- Payne battles were won under the banners lican leaders determined to repair the mis- of the “Young Democracy." chief, as far as possible, in the otherwise Any compilation of the returns of 1883 uneventful year of 1883. Their efforts must be measurably imperfect, for in only were in most instances successful, especially a few of the States were important and dein Massachusetts where Robinson over- cisive battles waged. Such as they were, threw Gen. Butler's State administration however, are given in the table on the next by 20,000 majority; in Pennsylvania, page: State Elections of 1882 and 1883, compared with the Presidential Election of 1880. 4,642 combined. Regular and Independent Republican vote is combined. ** Vote of the two Democratic candid stes is wote was taken. "In Georgia, Congressmen-at-Large was taken. 1 The vote for Chief Judge. The others the principal State officer was taken, where State officers were not elected, the Congressional Lieutenant-Governor was taken, as being, from special causes, a fairer test of party strength, combined on Jadge.' t American, 707; scattering, 989, Scattering, 106. é In these states tho vote on State officers chosen, excluding Secretary of State. In Nebraska, Democratic and Anti-Monopoly vote * In Connecticut, the vote for Sheriff is taken. In New York, the average poto on four of the five in the Alabama. 919 439 818 56,221 8.732 20,619 18,195 91,185 69,801 9,613 19.948 10,779 18,316 57,391 46,386 100,591 49,352 87,675 10,142 67,175 941,634 1,020 6,772 12,053 24,930 81,413 68 210,234 220,918 13,520 692 149,151 112,180 31,817 25 298,166 261,547 223,300 258 79,036 110,813 736 33,953 49.832 1,302 395 1,545 17,362 16.906 6,113 2,604 111,320 111.763 21,181 211,069 5,311 120 67,458 17,719 142,087 41,425 43.140 46,661 528 249 2:36 5.56 8,362 319,106 302,031 4,452 9,079 Total. 4,454,416 4,444,952 308,578 76,303 54,316 Plurality. 9,464 10,306 3,620,844 | 4,051,035 277,691 130,195 8,025,975 1,998,587 2,040,890 40,629 42,303 4,134,458 Total vote. 9,219,947 POLITICAL CHANGES-1884. The Republican National Convention its work harmoniously, and adopted a This body assembled at Chicago, in the National Committee. The Committee Clayton. Ex-Senator Henderson of Mis- presented Governor Richard B. Hubbard; souri was made permanent President with- of Texas, for temporary chairman. After out a contest. The contested seats were his address a notable contest followed on amicably settled, the most notable being the adoption of the unit rule, the debate that of the straightout Republicans of being participated in by many delegates. Virginia against Gen. Mahone's delega- Mr. Fellows, of New York, favored the tion. The latter was admitted, the only rule, as did all of the advocates of Govercontest being in the Committee. The nor Cleveland's nomination for President, Blaine leaders did not antagonize, but while John Kelly opposed it with a view rather favored Mahone's admission, as did to give freedom of choice to the twenty, the field generally, for the State Conven- five delegates from New York who were tion which elected this delegation had acting with him. The contest was inopenly abandoned the name of the Re- augurated by Mr. Smalley, of Vermont, adjuster Party and taken that of the who was instructed by the National ComRepublican. None of the Straightouts mittee to offer the following resolution: expressed dissatisfaction at what appeared Resolved, that the rules of the last to be the almost universal sentiment. Democratic Convention govern this body until otherwise ordered, subject to the folCandidates for the Nomination. lowing modification : That in voting for On the third day the following candi- candidates for President and Vice-Presidates were formally placed in nomination, dent no State shall be allowed to change after eloquent eulogies, the most notable its vote until the roll of the States has being those of Judge West of Ohio, in be- been called, and every State has cast its half of Blaine ; Gen. H. H. Bingham, of vote. Mr. Grady, of New York, offered the following amendment to the resolution: When the vote of a State, as announced by the chairman of the delegation from such State is challenged br any member JOHN SHERMAN, of Ohio. of the delegation, then the Secretary shall GEORGE F. EDMUNDS, of Vermont. call the names of the individual delegates JOHN A. LOGAN, of Illinois. from the State, and their individual pre- the vote of such State. put, the chairman of each State delegation Alabama Territories. 18 18 5 2 9 12 12 30 31 9 28 3 31 18 26 18 46 25 46 11 4 6 23 46 | 21 46 6 21 6 6 II 47 II 8 8 6 8 60 8 ic 8 I 17 17 8 7 7 7 26 8 21 21 20 24 12 ON. 2 616 12 12 6 12 22 12 22 10 |