of a general nature shall, within one month after they are passed, be published in some newspaper Publication. published within the city, or in pamphlet form, to be distributed or sold, as may be provided by ordinance, and every ordinance fixing a penalty or forfeiture for its violation shall, before the same takes effect, be published for at least one week in the manner above prescribed;

cases of

Provided, however, That in case of riots, infec- Ordinances in tions, or contagious diseases, or other impending emergencies. danger, or any other emergency requiring its immediate operation, such ordinance shall take effect upon the proclamation of the mayor, immediately upon its first publication as above provided.

SEC. 68.-Ordinance, Powers. In addition to the powers herein granted, cities governed under the provisions of this act shall have power by ordinance:

I. To Levy Taxes.-To levy taxes for general revenue purposes, on all property within the limits of said city, taxable according to the laws of the state of Nebraska.

II. Same, Special Assessments.-To levy any other tax or special assessment authorized by law, and to appropriate money, and provide for the payment of the debts and expenses of the city.

III. Streets, Grades and Repairs.-To provide for the grading and repairing of any street, avenue, or alley, and the construction of bridges, culverts, and sewers, and shall defray the repairs of the same out of the proper fund of such city; but no street shall be graded except the same be ordered

Damages to

property owners.

Reversion of vacated streets.

done by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the city council.

IV. Same, Care for, Control, Name and Rename. To open, widen, or otherwise improve, vacate, care for, control, name and rename any street, avenue, alley, or lane, parks, and squares, within the limits of the city, and also to create, open, and improve any new street, avenue, alley, or lane;

Provided, That all damages sustained by the owners of the property thereon shall be ascertained in the manner herein provided.

Provided further, That whenever any street, avenue, alley, or lane shall be vacated, the same shall revert to the owners of the adjacent real estate, one-half on each side thereof.

V. Same, Sprinkling. On written petition of not less than one-half of the owners of feet front of the land fronting on any street or any specified part thereof, the mayor and council may order such street or specified part thereof to be sprinkled with water at such time or times as the council may deem proper. Such sprinkling shall be done by contract, awarded to the lowest bidder in each case, or for the entire city or specified district thereof. To pay the expense of such sprinkling, the council may make special assessments upon the lands abutting upon such street or specified part thereof, either on the valuation thereof, or listed for taxation, or by foot front. Such assessment shall be collected as special taxes.

VI. Same, Sidewalks, Sewers.-To construct or repair sidewalks, sewers, and drains on any

highway therein, and to levy a special tax on the lots and parcels of land fronting on such highway,

or

alley to pay the expenses of such improvement. But unless a majority of the resident owners of the property subject to assessment for such improvement petition the council to make the same, such improvement shall not be made until three-fourths of all the members of such council shall, by vote, assent to the making of the same.

VII. Same. To provide for the laying of temporary plank sidewalks upon the natural surface of the ground, without regard to grade, on streets not permanently improved, and to provide for the assessments of the cost thereon on the property in front of which the same shall be laid.

VIII. Same, Special Assessments for.-Assessments made under the last two (2) preceding subdivisions of this section shall be made and assessed in the following manner:

special assess

First, Such assessment shall be made by the council at any meeting by a resolution fixing the cost of the construction or repairs of such work along the lot adjacent thereto as a special assessment thereon, the amount charged against the same, which, with the vote thereon by yeas and nays, shall be spread at length upon the minutes. No- Notice of tice of the time of holding such meeting and the ments. purpose for which it is to be held shall be published in some newspaper published and of general circulation in said city, at least ten days before the same shall be held, or in lieu thereof personal service may be had upon persons owning or occupying property to be assessed.

Scientific and tures exempt.

literary lec

Second, All such assessments shall be known as "special assessments for improvements" and with the cost of notice shall be levied and collected as a separate tax, in addition to the taxes for general revenue purposes, subject to the same penalties and collected in like manner as other city taxes, but such special assessment shall draw interest at one per cent per month; the same shall be entered by the city clerk on the list of the current year, and shall be collected by the treasurer as provided by law.

IX. License, Business.-To raise revenue by levying and collecting a license tax on any corporation or business within the limits of the city, and regulate the same by ordinance. All such taxes shall be uniform in respect to the class upon which they are imposed; Provided, however, That all scientific and literary lectures and entertainments shall be exempt from such taxation, as well as concerts and all other musical entertainments given exclusively by the citizens of the city.

X. Same, Dogs.-They shall collect a license tax of not less than one or more than three dollars upon the owners and harborers of dogs, and enforce the same by appropriate penalties, and shall cause the destruction of any dog, the owner or harborer of which shall refuse or neglect to pay such license tax; Provided, That no such license shall authorize the keeping, owning, or harboring more than one dog. To regulate, license, or prohibit the running at large of dogs, and guard against injuries or annoyances therefrom and to authorize the destruc

tion of the same when running at large contrary to the provisions of any ordinance.

XI.

Streets, Obstructions to.-To remove all obstructions from the sidewalks, curbstones, gutters, and cross-walks at the expense of the owners or occupiers of the grounds fronting thereon, or at the expense of the person placing the same there, and to require and regulate the planting and protection of shade trees in the streets, the building of bulk-Shade trees. heads, cellars, and basement ways, stairways, railways, window and doorways, awnings, hitching posts and rails, lamp posts, awning posts, and all other structures projecting upon or over an adjoining excavation through and under the sidewalks in said city.

XII. Same, Horses Standing.-To compel persons to fasten their horses or other animals attached to vehicles while standing in the streets and provide penalties for neglect thereof.

XIII. Same, Regulate Traffic.-To regulate the transportation of articles through the streets, and to prevent injuries to the streets from overloaded vehicles.

XIV. Same, Obstructions, Fast Driving, Etc. -To prevent and remove all encroachments into and upon all sidewalks, streets, avenues, alleys, and other city property, and to prevent and punish all horse racing, fast driving, or riding in the streets, highways, alleys, bridges, or place in the city, and all games, practices, or amusements therein likely to result in damage to any person or property; to regulate, prevent, and punish the riding, driving,