Otaheite, St. Helena, Ile of France, Ifle of Bourbon, Botany Bay, Queen Charlotte's Ifles, Cook's Straits, Amboyna, Melinde, Bantam, and Batavia. PROBLEM XX. To find the Length of the shortest Day and the longest Night at any propofed Place, or in any given Latitude, not exceeding 664 Degrees in the Northern Hemisphere. Rectify the globe for the affigned place or lati. tude, and proceed agreeably to the directions given in the 17th problem; only inftead of the first degree of Cancer, fubftitute the first degree of Capricornus, which is the boundary of the shortest day in the Northern hemisphere. N. B. The length of the fhorteft day fubtracted from 24 will give the duration of the longest night. EXAMPLES. What is the length of the shortest day and the longeft night at London ?-Anf. 7 hours the length of the shortest day; and 161⁄2 hours the length of the longest night. Required the length of the fhortest day and the length of the longest night at the following places: St. Euftatia, Grenada, Dominica, Owhyhee, Nootka or King George's Sound, Acapulco, Philadelphia, Bermudas Ifles, Quebec, Havannah, Bofton, Mexico, Breton Ifle, Straits of Belle-Ifle, Cape Florida, Chesapeak Bay, and Surinam. PROBLEM PROBLEM XXI. To find the Length of the shortest Day and the longest Night at any affigned Place, or given Latitude, not exceeding 66 Degrees in the Southern Hemifphere. This problem is folved exactly in the same manner as the 19th, only fubftituting the first degree of Cancer for that of Capricorn. EXAMPLES. What is the length of the shortest day and the longeft night, of a place fituated in 514 deg. of South latitude?-Anf. Shortest day 7 hours; longeft night 16 hours. Required the length of the shortest day and the longeft night at Saldanha Bay, Afcenfion Ifle, Chiloe Ifle, Falkland Ifles, the Straits of Le Mair, and Olinda. PROBLEM XXII. To find the Latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, the Length of the longest Day being given. Bring the first degree of Cancer to the meridian, without regarding the pofition of the globe; fet the index to noon; turn the globe Weftward, till the index points to half the given number of hours; keep the globe fixed, and move the meridian till the first degree of Cancer coincides with E 3 the the horizon; then obferve what degree of the meridian is cut by the horizon under the North pole, and that will be the latitude required. EXAMPLES. What is the latitude of a place where the length of the longest day is 12 ?—Âns. o.---Where the longeft day is 16 hours?-Anf. 514 deg. Required the latitude of places where the longest days are as follow:-124 hours; 13 hours; 14 hours; 14 hours; hours; 13 hours; 15 hours; 17 hours; 19 hours; hours; 21 hours; 23 hours; 15 hours; 16 hours; 161 hours; N. B. To perform this problem for the Southern hemifphere, the first degree of Capricorn and the South pole must be employed. To find all thofe Places whofe longest Days are of the Jame Length, the Length of the longest Day at any particular Place being previously found. Find the latitude correfponding with the given length of the day, by the preceding problem; obferve it on the brafs meridian; then revolve the globe, and all thofe places which pass under that degree of the meridian have their longest days the fame. EXAMPLES. EXAMPLES. What places have the longest day the fame length as London, where the longest day is 16 hours?-Anf. Bruffels, Drefden, Leipfick, Warfaw, Belgorod, Milford-Haven, Middleburgh, Cork, Dunkirk, Bruges, Ghent, Cologne, Breda, Boifleduc, Cleves, Oftend, Breflaw, Nootka Sound, and BelleIle (North America), have all their longest day nearly of the fame length as the longest day at London. Find all thofe places whofe longest days corre fpond with the following:--Botany Bay, Arch. angel, Jamaica, Cape Horn, Cape of Good Hope, Gibraltar, the Fox Iflands, Quebec, Mexico, and the chief cities of Europe. To find in what Climate any Place is fituated, the Latitude being given. Find the length of the longest day by problem the 17th, from which fubtract 12; the remainder being converted into half hours, will give the required climate. EXAMPLES. In what climate is London fituated, its latitude being 51 North ?-Anf. The 9th. In what climate are Malacca, Cayenne, and Surinam fituated, their latitudes being about 8 deg. North E 4 Siam, Siam, Madras, Pondicherry, Tobago, the Grenades, St. Vincent, and Barbadoes, lat. about 16 deg.? Mecca, Bombay, Canton, Mexico, Jamaica, and Hifpaniola, lat. about 23 deg. ? Egypt, the Canaries, Delhi, and the Floridas, lat. about 30 deg. ? Gibraltar, Jerufalem, Ifpahan, Nankin, and Williamfburgh, lat. about 36 deg.? Lisbon, Madrid, Minorca, Sardinia, Samarcand, Pekin, Rome, Conftantinople, Philadelphia, New York, Bofton, Rhode and Long Islands, lat. about 41 deg. ? Paris, Vienna, Nova Scotia, Cape Breton, Newfoundland, and Quebec, lat. about 48 deg. F Prague, Drefden, Cracow, and Belle-Ifle, lat. about 52 deg.? Dublin, York, Hamburgh, and Thorn, lat. about 54 deg.? Edinburgh, Copenhagen, and Moscow, lat. about 56 deg.? Orkney Ifles and Stockholm, lat. about 59 deg.? Bergen and Petersburgh, lat. about 61 deg.? Archangel and Hecla, lat. about 65 deg. ? Places fituated in lat. 66 deg. ? PROBLEM XXV. To find what other Day of the Year will be of the fame Length with any given Day. Bring the fun's place for the given day to the meridian, and obferve what degree it interfects; then revolve the globe till fome other degree of the ecliptic falls under the fame point of the meri |