wick, about four miles from Bridport.

A fortunate occurrence opened the way to wealth and honour.

In the twenty-first year of the reign of Henry VII., Philip, Archduke of Austria, and in right of his wife, King of Castile, having encountered a violent storm on his passage from Flanders to Spain, was obliged to put into Weymouth. Sir Thomas Trenchard, who lived near the port, entertained him in the best manner he was able, till he could acquaint the King with his arrival. In the mean time he sent for Mr. Russell, who had travelled abroad, and was acquainted with foreign languages. The Archduke was so much pleased with Mr. Russell that he took him with him to court, and recommended him warmly to the King. He was immediately made one of the gentlemen of the privy-chamber. He afterwards attended Henry VIII. in his expedition in France, and was present at the taking of Therouenne and Tournay. He obtained for his services certain lands in Tournay. When the place was afterwards given up, the orders from the King to -deliver it into the hands of the French were directed to him. In 1522, he was knighted by

Dugdale's Baronage, v. ii. p. 277.

the Earl of Surrey for his services at the taking of Morlaix in Bretagne, and was created Lord Russell in 1589. *

Lord Russell performed important services to the crown, and to his country. Besides having served with distinction at the taking of Tournay and of Morlaix, he was instrumental in negotiating with the Constable Duke of Bourbon, and

* Mr. Burke has endeavoured to throw a slur upon the memory of the first Lord Russell, by saying that the first grant made to him by the crown was from the confiscated estate of the Duke of Buckingham. "Thus," he continues," the lion having sucked the blood, threw the offal carcase to his jackal in waiting." We have seen that the first grant was not from a confiscated estate, but a grant in fee of lands at Tournay taken from the enemy. Nor is there any ground for the rest of the imputation. The name of Lord Russell does not appear in the list of those to whom the estates of the Duke of Buckingham were given. The grant of the manor of Agmondesham to Lord Russell took place eighteen years after the execution of the Duke of Buckingham. Mr. Burke has likewise endeavoured to represent the first Lord Russell as a minion of Henry VIII. probably resembling his master in character. There seems no foundation whatever for this aspersion.

Another charge of Mr. Burke is thus completely refuted by the Monthly Review:-" Calais was in the possession of the English about 300 years. Boulogne fell into their hands about the year 1544, Lord Bedford being one of the captors; yet Mr. Burke ascribes to the cession of Boulogne, which had been in the hands of England about six years, the fall of Calais, which had been safe nearly 300 years, without this outguard.""

Monthly Review Enlarged, 1796, vol. xix. p. 318.

was present at the battle of Pavia. He went twice again into France in a military capacity, and on the last occasion commanded the vanguard. For these services in various capacities he undoubtedly obtained very splendid rewards. He held the important office of Lord Admiral of England and Ireland. He was made Marshal of the Marshalsea, Lord Warden of the Stannaries in the counties of Devon and Cornwall, and Knight of the Garter. In 1540, on the dissolution of the monasteries, he obtained a grant of the rich abbey of Tavistock, and of a very large estate belonging to it. Three years afterwards he was made Lord Privy Seal. When a council was appointed to govern the counties of Devon, Cornwall, Somerset, and Dorset, he was named its president. And the King on his death-bed appointed him one of the sixteen executors of his will. In the same year he obtained, by a grant from King Edward, the dissolved monastery of Woburn.

The beginning of the reign of Edward the Sixth was disturbed by insurrections, which had their origin in a general inclosure bill; but were afterwards converted by the priesthood to a religious purpose. The rising which took place

in Devonshire was one of the most formidable. The insurgents, joined by Humphrey Arundel, governor of St. Michael's Mount, demanded that

the mass should be again performed, and half the abbey-lands restored. Lord Russell, who was sent against the rebels, was at first too weak to prevent their laying siege to Exeter. But having received reinforcements, he attacked and routed them at Fenniton Bridge. * Lord Russell took no part in the cabals of this reign. When a conspiracy was formed against the power of Somerset, he remained neuter, and did not join the party of Warwick, till Somerset had submitted, and asked pardon of his enemies. Three months afterwards he was made Earl of Bedford.

On the accession of Queen Mary, he was sent to Spain, to attend Philip to England. A few months after this, he died at his house in the Strand, on the 14th of March, 1555.

Francis, the second Earl of Bedford, was present at the battle of St. Quintin, and held many great offices under Queen Elizabeth. He married a daughter of Sir John St. John, sister to the first Lord St. John of Bletsoe. He was succeeded by his grandson, Edward, who died without issue, in 1627.

The title then passed to the issue of Sir William Russell, the fourth son of Francis.

Sir

William was a person of considerable talents and

* Hume, c. 35. Collins's Peerage.

enterprise. In 1580, he was knighted for his services in Ireland. He afterwards went with the Earl of Leicester to the assistance of the Dutch. His conduct at the battle of Zutphen is thus quaintly described by Stowe." He charged so terribly, that after he had broke his. lance, he so played his part with his cuttle-axe, that the enemy reported him to be a devil, and not a man; for where he saw six or seven of the enemies together, thither would he, and so behave with his cuttle-axe, that he would separate their friendship."

He was afterwards Lord Deputy of Ireland, where he made himself very conspicuous for prudence as well as valour.

He took great pains to prevent the excesses of the army. He directed, by his general orders, that the soldiers should give money or a ticket for their diet; that there should be no charge on the country for more men than there really were; that they should not ask for more than a breakfast and supper; and that their quarters should be assigned by the civil magistrate. These regulations were well calculated to conciliate the lower orders. Had the court taken his advice, another measure which he recommended, would probably have gained over the nobility. He proposed that the lands of the church which had been confiscated, should be