Principles of Political Economy, Том 1D. Appleton, 1884 - 658 страници |
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Често срещани думи и фрази
accumulation Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount assignats bills bullion bushels Cairnes capi capitalist cause cent Chap circulation coin commodities competition consumed consumption corn corn laws cost of labor cost of production crease cultivation currency depends desire diminishing doctrine dollar duction effect employed employment England equal equivalent exchange value existing expense exports fall foreign given gold and silver Government greater imports improvements income increase industry interest labor and capital laboring-classes land law of rent laws of value less limited lower machinery manufacture means ment Mill natural necessary obtained operation paid paper payment persons Political Economy population portion precious metals principle proportion purchase quantity rate of profit ratio received remuneration rent Ricardo rise saving social soil subsistence suppose taxation things tion trade United unproductive value of money wages wages-fund wealth wheat whole
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Страница 516 - Hitherto it is questionable if all the mechanical inventions yet made have lightened the day's toil of any human being. They have enabled a greater population to live the same life of drudgery and imprisonment, and an increased number of manufacturers and others to make fortunes. They have increased the comforts of the middle classes. But they have not yet begun to effect those great changes in human destiny which it is in their nature and in their futurity to accomplish.
Страница 612 - The only case in which, on mere principles of political economy, protecting duties can be defensible, is when they are imposed temporarily (especially in a young and rising nation) in hopes of naturalizing a foreign industry, in itself perfectly suitable to the circumstances of the country.
Страница 104 - But if they had all wrought separately and independently, and without any of them having been educated to this particular business, they certainly could not each of them have made twenty, perhaps not one pin in a day...
Страница 592 - His whole property is then immediately taxed from 2 to 10 per cent. Besides the probate, large fees are demanded for burying him in the chancel ; his virtues are handed down to posterity on taxed marble; and he is then gathered to his fathers, to be taxed no more.
Страница 173 - sacredness of property" is talked of, it should always be remembered, that any such sacredness does not belong in the same degree to landed property. No man made the land. It is the original inheritance of the whole species. Its appropriation is wholly a question of general expediency. When private property in land is not expedient, it is unjust.
Страница 21 - M'CULLOCH. -A TREATISE ON THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICAL INFLUENCE of TAXATION and the FUNDING SYSTEM.
Страница 155 - The laws and conditions of the production of wealth, partake of the character of physical truths.
Страница 93 - Capital , which in this manner fulfils the whole of its office in the production in which it is engaged, by a single use, is called , Circulating Capital.
Страница 293 - There cannot, in short, be intrinsically a more insignificant thing, in the economy of society, than money; except in the character of a contrivance for sparing time and labour. It is a machine for doing quickly and commodiously, what would be done, though less quickly and commodiously, without it : and like many other kinds of machinery, it only exerts a distinct and independent influence of its own when it gets out of order.
Страница 538 - The subjects of every state ought to contribute towards the support of the government, as nearly as possible, in proportion to their respective abilities; that is, in proportion to the revenue which they respectively enjoy under the protection of the state.