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more talking English after a lapse of so many years. He was far from regretting this incident in his life, but his account of the manner, in which they were forced away, accorded in so many particulars with Schiller's empassioned description of the same, or a similar scene, in his Tragedy of CABAL and LOVE, as to leave a perfect conviction on my mind, that the dramatic pathos of that description was not greater than its' historic fidelity.

As I was thus reflecting, I glanced my eye on the leading paragraph of a London Newspaper, containing much angry declamation, and some bitter truths, respecting our military arrangements. It were in vain, thought I, to deny that the influence of parliamentary interest, which prevents the immense patronage of the Crown from becoming a despotic power, is not the most likely to secure the ablest Commanders or the fittest persons for the management of our foreign empire. However, thank Heaven! if we fight, we fight for our own King and Country: and grievances which may be publicly complained of, there is some chance of seeing remedied.

III. A celebrated Professor in a German University, shewed me a very pleasing Print entitled, "Toleration." A Catholic Priest, a Lutheran Divine, a Calvinist Minister, a Quaker, a Jew, and a Philosopher, were represented sitting round the same table over which a winged figure hovered in the attitude of protection. For this harmless Print, said my Friend, the Artist was imprisoned, and having attempted to make his escape, was sentenced to draw the Boats on the banks of the Danube with robbers and murderers and there died in less than two months, from exhaustion and exposure. In your happy Country, Sir, this print would be considered as a pleasing scene from real life for in every great Town throughout your empire you may meet with the original. Yes, I replied, as far as the negative ends of Government are concerned, we have no reason to complain. Our Government protects us from foreign enemies, and our Laws secure our lives, our personal freedom, our property, reputation, and religious rights, from domestic attacks. Our Taxes, indeed, are enormous-Oh! talk not of Taxes, said my Friend, till you have resided in a Country where the Boor disposes of his produce to Strangers for a foreign mart, not to bring back to his family the comforts and conveniences of foreign

manufactures, but to procure that coin which his Lord is to squander away in a distant land. Neither can I with patience hear it said, that your Laws act only to the negative ends of government. They have a manifold positive influence, and their incorrupt administration gives a colour to all your modes of thinking, and is one of the chief causes of your superior morality in private as well as public life.*

My limits compel me to strike out the different incidents, which I had written as a Commentary on the three former of the positive ends of Government. To the moral feelings of my Readers they might have been serviceable; but for their understandings they are superfluous. It is surely impossible to peruse them, and not admit that all three are realized under our Government to a degree unexampled in any other old and long peopled Country. The defects of our Constitution (in which word I include the Laws and Customs of the Land as well as it's scheme of Legislative and Executive power) must exist, therefore, in the fourth, namely, the production of the highest average of general information, of general moral and religious principles, and the excitements and opportunities which it affords, to paramount Genius and heroic power, in a sufficient number of its' Citizens. These are points in which it would be immorality to rest content with the presumption, however well founded, that we are better than others, if we are not what we ought to be ourselves, and not using the means of improvement. The first question then is, what is the FACT? The second supposing a defect or deficiency in one or all of these points, and

"The administration of Justice throughout the Continent is partial, venal, and infamous. I have, in conversation with many sensible men, met with something of content with their governments in all other respects than this; but upon the question of expecting justice to be really and fairly administered every one confessed there was no such thing to be looked for. The conduct of the Judges is profligate and atrocious. Upon almost every cause that comes before them, interest is openly made with the Judges; and woe betide the man who, with a cause to support had no means of conciliating favour either by the beauty of a handsome Wife or by other methods."-This quotation is confined in the original to France under the monarchy; I have extended the application, and adopted the words, as comprizing the result of my own experience: and I take this opportunity of declaring, that the most inportant parts of Mr. Leckie's Statement concerning Sicily I myself know to be accurate, and am authorized by what I myself saw there, to rely on the whole as a fair and unexaggerated representation.

that to a degree which may effect our power and prosperity if not our absolute safety, are the plans of Legislative Reform that have hitherto been proposed, fit or likely to remove such defect, and supply such deficiency? The third and last question is-Should there appear reason to deny or doubt this, are there then any other means, and what are they?-Of these points hereafter and occasionally.

A French Gentleman in the reign of Lewis the 14th was comparing the French and English writers with all the boastfulness of national prepossession. Sir! (replied an Englishman better versed in the principles of Freedom that the canons of criticism) there are but two Subjects worthy the human Intellect: POLITICS and RELIGION, our State here and our State hereafter: and on neither of these dare you write. Long may the envied Privilege be preserved to my Countymen of writing and talking concerning both! Nevertheless, it behoves us all to consider, that to write or talk concerning any subject without having previously taken the pains to understand it, is a breach of Duty which we owe to ourselves, though it may be no offence against the Laws of the Land. The privilege of talking and even publishing Nonsense is necessary in a free state; but the more sparingly we make use of it, the better.

PENRITH: PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY J. BROWN; AND SOLD BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND CO. PATERNOSTER ROW; AND CLEMENT, 201, STRAND, LONDON.

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See how natural the German comes from me, though I have not yet been six weeks in the Country!almost as fluently as English from my neighbour the Amptschreiber (or Public Secretary) who as often as we meet, though it should be half a dozen times in the same day, never fails to greet me with-"** ddam your ploot unt Eyes, my dearest Englander! vhee goes it!"-which is certainly a proof of great generosity on his part, these words being his whole stock of English. I had, however, a better reason than the desire of displaying my proficiency: for I wished to put you in good humour with a language, from the acquirement of which I have promised myself much edification and the means too of communicating a new pleasure to you and your Sister, during our winter Readings. And how can I do this better than by pointing out its' gallant attention to the Ladies? Our English affix, ess, is, I believe, confined either to words derived from the Latin, as Actress, Directress, &c. or from the French, as Mistress. Duchess, and the like. But the German, in, enables us to designate the Sex in every possible relation of life. Thus the Amptman's Lady is the Frau Amptmanin-the Secretary's Wife (by the bye the handsomest Woman I have yet seen in Germany) is Die allerliebste Frau Amtschreiberin--the Colonel's Lady, Die Frau Obrist or Colonellin-and even the 'Parson's Wife, Die Frau Pastorin. But I am especially

pleased with their Freundin, which, unlike the Amica of the Romans, is seldom used but in its' best and purest sense. Now, I know, it will be said, that a Friend is already something more than a Friend, when a Man feels an anxiety to express to himself that this Friend is a female; but this I deny-in that sense at least in which the objection will be made. I would hazard the impeachment of heresy, rather than abandon my belief that there is a sex in our SOULS as well as in their perishable garments and he who does not feel it, never truly loved a Sister-nay, is not capable even of loving a Wife as she deserves to be loved, if she indeed be worthy of that holy name.

Now I know, my gentle Friend, what you are murmuring to yourself" This is so like him! running away after the first bubble, that chance has blown off from the surface of his fancy; when one is anxious to learn where he is and what he has seen." Well then! that I am settled at Ratzeburg, with my motives and the particulars of my journey hither will inform you. My first Letter to him, with which doubtless he has edified your whole Fire-side, left me safely landed at Hamburg on the Elbe Stairs, at the Boom House. While standing on the Stairs, I was amused by the contents of the Passage Boat which crosses the River once or twice a day from Hamburg to Haarburg. It was stowed close with all People of all Nations, in all sorts of Dresses; the Men all with pipes in their mouths, and these pipes of all shapes and fanciesstraight and wreathed, simple and complex, long and short, cane, clay, porcelain, wood, tin, silver, and ivory; most of them with silver chains and silver bole-covers. Pipes and Boots are the first universal characteristic of the male Hamburgers that would strike the eye of a raw Traveller. But I forget my promise of journalizing as much as possible. -Therefore, Septr. 19th. Afternoon. My Companion, who you recollect speaks the French Language with unusual propriety, had formed a kind of confidential acquaintance with the Emigrant, who appeared to be a man of sense, and whose manners were those of a perfect Gentleman. He seemed about fifty or rather more. Whatever is unpleasant in French manners from excess in the Degree, had been softened down by age or affliction, and all that is delightful in the kind, alacrity and delicacy in little attentions, &c. remained, and without bustle, gesticula

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