OF CONSTITUTIONS IN EUROPE AND AMERICA BY CHARLES BORGEAUD Awarded the Rossi Prize by the Law Faculty of Paris TRANSLATED BY CHARLES D. HAZEN PROFESSOR OF HISTORY IN SMITH COLLEGE WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY JOHN M. VINCENT ASSOCIATE OF THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY HARVARD COLLEG JUN 14 19 23 LIBRARY Duplicate money COPYRIGHT, 1895, BY MACMILLAN AND CO. Norwood Press: J. S. Cushing & Co. - Berwick & Smith. INTRODUCTION. THE work here presented to English readers first came before the public in 1893 as the successful competitor for the Prix Rossi, awarded the previous year by the Faculty of Law of the University of Paris.1 The themes for this competition are published long enough in advance to call forth the efforts of a high order of talent among the younger scholars of France, and being open to all comers, the prize is not awarded unless the essays form a substantial contribution to legal and political science. When, however, the subject for 1892 was announced, it was not necessary for our author to begin investigations in an untried field to see what he might learn about the matter in the space of a year; for, having been for a considerable period engaged in the study of Democracy, he was prepared to turn much accumulated knowledge and experience into this particular channel. To the friends who knew of the essay previous to its submission the award was not a surprise. Yet the course of competition was not without its dangers, for the essayist expressed very strong opinions in opposition to doctrines taught by the very professors who were to sit in judgment on his paper. In the chapters on France and in other portions of the work where the relations of constitutional to statute law are discussed he points out plainly what seem to be false positions of the 1 Under the title, Établissement et Révision des Constitutions en Amérique et en Europe. Paris, Thorin et Fils. |