SOUTH-COMMERCIAL RESOURCES OF, COMPARED WITH THE NORTH. Cotton.... 1849. 6,616,741.. 1848. 121 1847. act as her own shopkeeper. She employs us, $95,250,000..$74,620,000..$72,905,000 because we have ships and capital invested 8,756,369.. 11,008,200 Compel her to establish a in commerce. 3,091,215 3,575,895.. 1,864,319.. 1,798,612 southern confederacy, and she must act for herself. She can build her own vessels, fill 3,841,964.. Naval stores... 1,624,190.. To the above may be added sugar and $107,332,895..$88,816,754..$88,803,027 them with the products of her own soil, and import her own goods, not from the North, but from those foreign countries who may molasses....18,417,500.. 16,486,000.. 22,746,430 buy her cotton, rice and tobacco. Total agricultural productions of the slave states $125,750,395.$105,302,574. $111,559,457 Of which there were exported to foreign countries, during the same period, derived from official returns, viz: Cotton. Rice. This trade the North would lose. If we look at the wealth and splendor in our large northern cities, we see evidences of the profit derived from commerce and trade with the South. It is safe to estimate fifty per cent., after paying duties, upon the cost price of most of the articles imported into the United States, before they reach the con1848. Who gets this fifty per cent.? It is .$66,396,967..$61,998,294..$53,415,878 sumer. 5,804,204.. 7,551,122.. 7,242,086 divided between the commission merchant, 2,569,362.. 2,331,824.. 3,605,896 ship-owner, importer, banker and the whole845,161.. 752,303.. 759,221 sale and retail dealer. All, except the latter, $75,615,700..$72,633,543..$65,023,051 are identified with the institutions of the North-and who, in a body, realize, in profits out of this foreign trade, an amount equal to Naval stores... 1849. 1847. It will be seen by the above tables, that not only did the South furnish the staples amounting to $75,615,700, in 1849-to pay for our imports, in part, to foreign countries, but reserved a large amount for domestic consumption. Every dollar of these exports from the South was the production of her own soil, and without which, our foreign trade would have been just so much more circumscribed. It is well known that the North receives the great bulk of the importations from foreign countries; that, without the means furnished to us in cotton, rice and tobacco, we should be without the elements for conducting, so profitably and to such an extent, foreign commerce. Without these staple productions of the South, we should be unable to buy, or, in other words, to pay for, the numerous articles of necessity and luxury that make up our catalogue of impor to the whole value of the cotton crop. What would be the consequences if the North were deprived of this immense inland trade with the South, by far the most important of any branch, connected as it is with their shipping and manufacturing in terests? Destroy the intercourse between the North and the South, and one of the very first acts that would claim the attention of the South would be to engage in foreign commerce. They would not only do it, in preference to buying from the North, but would be compelled to take articles of foreign manufacture, in return for their cotton, rice, tobacco, &c., which the North would be shut out from, just to the extent the consumption of the free states would permit; for it is not likely the South would allow the North to compete with her in the manufacture of coarse cotton goods, when they would have the ability of fixing an export duty on raw cotton to the free states, that would ensure a preference of their own manufactures in foreign markets, where northern fabrics have had the preference of the whole world. What a picture for the North to contemplate? New-York...$92,736,497..$94,525,141..$84,167,352 What articles of production, besides manu26,327,874.. 28,647,707.. 34,477,008 factured goods, would they be enabled to exOther ports... 14,716,030.. 14,200,043.. 11,161,667 port, to carry on even a competition with the Total North..$133,780,361. $137,372,891 $129,806,027 South in commerce ? tations. We annex the following tables to show the extent of the import trade, carried on almost exclusively by northern capital: STATEMENT of the value of imports into the United States, for the last three years, designating the portion received at the North and the South: Boston New-Orleans. Charleston... 1849. 1848. 1847. The following tables show the extent of 8,077,910.. 9,380,439.. 9,222,969 1,310,591.. 1,485,299.. 1,580,658 the exports from the free states, for the last three years: Other ports... 4,668,577.. 6,760,298.. 5,934,978 Total South...$14,077,078..$17,626,036..$16,738,605 From the above it is clearly shown, that the North acts as the great shopkeeper for the South. She employs us to take her productions, send them to foreign countries to be sold, and returned in iron, cloth, and other articles. Dissolve the Union, and she would 122 Skins, furs and 1849. 1848. SOUTH AND THE NORTH. 1847. whole commercial people of the United ginseng.... $839,194.. $770,427.. $811,612 States, the North will not refuse to meet the Lumber, and arti cles manufactur ed from wood... 3,718,033.. 5,066,877.. 3,806,341 Ashes.. 514,603.. 466,477.. 618,000 Provisions, esti subject, now agitating the whole length and breadth of the land, in such a liberal manner, as will permanently settle the great question mated at... .10,000,000.. 8,800,000.. 7,300,000 at issue.—N. Y. Courier and Enquirer. Breadstuffs, estimated at .10,000,000..18,000,000 .42,000,000 Miscellaneous. 1,800,000.. 1,500,000.. 1,200,000 SOUTH AND THE NORTH.-The returns of the census, says the Southern Press, are vindicating the institutions of the South in the most triumphant manner. The following are a few items concerning Georgia : Whites.. POPULATION 526,417 382,294 908,711 Value of real and personal estate..... ..$334,660,217 66 county tax.. $328,247 18 170,803 53 $499,050 53 Number of deaths for the year preceding 1st June, 1850.. 9,099 The mortality of the whole population in 1849-50, was one in 91 1-2. This table goes further to show the consequences that would result from disunion, Blacks.. than any other proof we could have adduced. It would not only be mortifying, but disastrous to all of the great interests the North has at stake, to have its foreign trade cut down from one hundred and fifty millions to fifty millions of dollars. How would such a state of things affect real estate in the cities of the North? What would be the effect in this city alone? Such a falling off in the commerce of New-York would at once be felt in every department of business. If the slave states are driven to a separation from the free states, the decline of the North, in her commercial ascendency, may be dated from that event. It would require more space than we can allow here, to trace the ruin that would follow to commerce, trade, manufactures, and to credit generally. We, at the North, would have, besides a deranged currency at home, most of our own state and government securities, now owned in Europe, back upon our market, to absorb what ready capital we possessed, and which would be required, at such a crisis, to assist in establishing a new order of things; for it would be folly to suppose that we could go on and supply, for any length of time, the South with the manufactures of the North, upon the same terms as heretofore. The tariff upon northern manufactures would be so framed as to give preference to those of Europe; consequently, one of the new changes would be the removal, to the South, of hosts of importers, many of whom are foreigners, and have particular predilection for the North over the South. They could as well conduct their business in Charleston or Savannah, as New-York or Philadelphia. Another change would be, the removal of numerous small manufacturers, and, in time, many large ones, too. It is impossible to depict the consequences of disunion upon the trade and commerce of the whole country; for it cannot be denied, that the South would at first suffer, but past experience shows that the North has everything to lose, while the South has but little to gain. We trust that, with these facts before the The white population of Georgia is about one-sixth of that of the state of New-York. Yet Georgia has nearly half the property. Hence a white person in Georgia is on an average nearly three times as rich as one in New-York. Even if slaves are excluded from the property of Georgia, she is wealthier in proportion to white population than NewYork. And then the health of Georgia is vastly superior. Out of a total population of 908,711, the deaths in a single year were 9,099. In the single city of New-York, with about half that population, they were about 18,000, or nearly double. Hence the average mortality of the city of New-York is four times as great as that of the state of Georgia. is about half a million-that of New-York exThe taxation of Georgia, state and county, ceeds seven millions. Hence the taxation of Georgia, compared to that of New-York on the basis of population, is less than onefourth, on the white basis is less than onehalf-on the property basis is less than onesixth! Yet with this overwhelming evidence of the superior social, political and financial condition of Georgia, she is excluded by New York from a common territory as immoral and unthrifty and-submits! SOUTH-A MODE SUGGESTED OF CONVINCING THE NORTH ON THE SLAVE QUESTION." Resolved, That an association of our citizens, sound in the maintenance of southern principles, and devoted to the interests of the southern country, should be formed for the purpose of encouraging home industry in all its branches, and rendering the South independent of all individuals, and corporations, and societies, inimical to her domestic policy. "Resolved, That we purchase from the North nothing that can be obtained from the South. Resolved, That we reject, as far as lies in our power, the merchandise and produce of the northern states hostile to southern institutions. And for such merchandise as is indispensable, let it be bought from the southern merchant, who lives and dies in the South, rather than from the northerner, whose earnings here are sooner or later transferred to the North. "Resolved, That we encourage southern industry, by ceasing, at once, the purchase of ready-made clothing coming from the North. This importation to Mobile of boots, shoes, shirts, coats, &c., &c., is a reproach and disgrace to us. Our own tailors, shoe-makers, dress-makers and seamstresses, are at least as skilful as those of any other land. Let them meet with the encouragement they deserve. "Resolved, That we encourage southern agriculture, by giving preference to all produce cultivated in the southern states, viz. : by using southern flour, and not northern corn, instead of oats, and fodder instead of hay. That we drink no ale, porter or cider made in the North, but encourage the growth of southern hops and apples, and the establishment of southern breweries. | Resolved, That we cease our subscriptions to any newspaper, magazine or review, hostile to our land and institutions. "Resolved, That professional men, and particularly ministers of the gospel and instructors of youth, born in the South, receive our patronage. We should beware of those who, under the garb of religion, poison the minds of the weak and the credulous. Still more should we beware of teachers who instill into the minds of our children principles averse to our institution. "Resolved, That we should extend our colleges and other scholastic institutions by conferring on them new donations and privileges, exercising discrimination in the selection of professors and teachers, in order that we no longer have occasion to resort to northern institutions for the education of our sons and daughters, whose minds are likely to be there poisoned by denunciations and anathemas against their parents. Resolved, That we create and patronize an establishment for the publication of all clementary books of education. "Resolved, That our summer excursions for health and enjoyment be to our lakes, our bays, to the Gulf of Mexico, to the borders of our southern Atlantic ocean, which contain places of resort combining all the varied advantages of sea-bathing, comfort and society, equal, if not superior, to those of northern watering-places. All the southern states abound in delightful mineral springs, to which the invalid and the man of leisure can repair for health and recrea "Resolved, That we encourage southern manufacturers, by consuming their goods in `preference to all others; and that we use every exertion to extend their number and variety. That we give every encouragement|tion.-Alabama Paper. to the new paper mill, just going into operation near Mobile. Col Wigfall's Cure for the Crisis.-I would propose the following amendments to the Constitution of the United States: "Resolved, That we reduce the cost of foreign goods, by encouraging direct impor1. Let it be declared that the third clause tations of all foreign merchandise, which we of the eighth section of the first article, which have until now imported through the North gives to Congress the power "to regulate only. That foreign commercial houses fav-commerce among the several states," shall orable to southern interests and policy, be never be construed to confer any power over encouraged to establish branches and agen- the slave trade between the states. cies among us, that our retail merchants may supply themselves at home, without the risk, trouble and expense, of importation from the North. The European markets would require a supply of our agricultural productions in exchange for their goods, in the ratio of our imports, thus giving vitality and stability to a direct trade. The cost of the goods would be so materially lessened as to make us independent of the North for them, and ultimately to destroy their manufacturing interests. "Resolved, That in the distribution of public office, the people should invariably reject all candidates who are not identified with the southern population. The humblest office commands a certain influence; and the incumbent should not be suspected of northern prejudices. 2. Let it be declared that the sixteenth clause of the same section of the same article, which gives to Congress the power "to exercise exclusive legislation" over the District of Columbia and other places in the slave states, shall never be construed to confer any power over slavery in those places. 3. Let it be declared that the federal gov ernment shall have the power to acquire territory to belong to the states composing the Union, and that, when acquired, it shall be the duty of the government at once to subdivide it into territories of convenient size, designating the size, and establish over them territorial governments, with no provisions as to slavery, giving to the people of those territories the power of legislating for themselves upon all subjects except upon that of slavery, and allowing them, when they have a sufficient number of inhabitants, citizens of the United States, to meet and form state governments, and be admitted into the Union upon equal terms with the original states. 4. Let it be declared that the first article of the amendments to the constitution, securing to the people the right " peaceably to assemble and petition the government for a redress of grievances," shall never be construed to allow Congress the privilege of receiving, discussing, referring or reporting, upon any petition upon the subject of slavery. 5. Let the fifth article be so amended as to place this compromise, between the slaveholding and non-slaveholding states, upon the same ground as that between the large and small states, in reference to their equal representation in the Senate, and prohibit any further amendment of the constitution upon the subject of slavery, except by the unanimous consent of all the states. quantity consumed in India, and exported thence to 8,922,000 to 11,502,000, and the value is as $227,511, We have for exportation, 2,227,844 bales, .$99,500,000 .$66,825,320 If to this be added the other domestic productions of the South.............. 32,674,176 The whole value for Southern exports for 1849, will be.. More than two-thirds of the whole domestic exports from the United States for And more than three times as much as that year, which was.. the whole domestic export from the North, for the same year, which was‡. 32,210,081 The remarkable fact is also shown that the do Could this exciting and dangerous question be once removed, I see no other rock upon which our glorious Union is likely to be wrecked. Can any one doubt, that, if the amendments I have proposed had been originally adopted as a part of the constitution, the difficulties and dangers to which our Union is now exposed would have been all avoided? How fortunate for our country would it have been, had they been substituted in 1820 for the Missouri compromise! But it is not yet too late "to form a more perfect union," and, by so doing, laugh to scorn the predictions of those who look to the dis-mestic export of the South, exclusive of cotton, her solution of the Union of these states as evidence that man is incapable of self-govern ment. All that we ask, from our northern brethren, is peace for the present and security for the future. Surely they will not refuse us so reasonable a request. To suppose it possible, would argue but little faith in their fraternal affection. The security which would accrue to us by the ratification of these amendments, is already ours by any fair construction of the constitution. We ask no additional rights to those already granted to us, and seek, by these amendments, merely such a construction of the compromise originally entered into between the different states, as will, for the future, remove all doubt and prevent all discussion. SOUTHERN WEALTH.-We take this from an admirable address delivered by Wm. E. Martin, on the celebration of the anniversary of Fort Moultrie. This address is so interesting in many particulars, that we shall hereafter have occasion to extract more largely from it: "The cotton crop of the old world cannot be accurately estimated, for want of correct accounts of the 131,710,081 from the North are $32,210,081, leaving the value of great staple, is $32,674,176, while all the exports her cotton over and above. The fact that the North consumes less than one-fifth of our cotton, while significant of the independence of the South; and the four-fifths find so ready a market on our wharves, is North might well be reminded, by her receiving all her supplies of raw material from us, and sending it keen-sighted than our Northerners are reputed to again to us in her manufactured goods, (even if less be,) how dangerous is the policy of converting an ally into an enemy, and a customer into a rival." SOUTH-RESOURCES OF.- B. Boykin, Esq., of Mobile, delivered, not long since, an able address before the Southern Rights' Association of that city, in which occurs the following interesting passages: "A disruption of the Union, carrying with it no little acerbity of feeling, would result in breaking up in a great measure the present system of internal trade-a trade which has made the North what it is, and which is the foundation of its wealth and prosperity. The following statistical facts will illustrate the immense loss to the North by the abandon * Compiled from tables of Collman and Stolterfoht. + The average is made from reports to the Prussian government by the Consul at Charleston. Reports of Secretary of Treasury. ment by the South of its connection with that section. They are worthy of the consideration of those who seek our overthrow, and by consequence their own ruin." "Direct Trade.-The New-York Courier, in an article on the consequences of disunion, condenses some important commercial figures and facts. The product of the slave states it puts down as follows: Cotton.. Tobacco. Naval stores.. Sugar and molasses.. Total.... 1849. 1848. 1847. hands of the North. How much was left in those hands, and how many hundreds of thousands of people in the South would this have maintained? How many cities would it have helped to build? How much would it have served to reduce the per capita amount of taxation which we pay to our states? "Our tables show that within the three years above named, the value of the whole .$95,250,000..$74,620,000..$72,905,000 amount exported from the free states of ma6,616,741.. 8,756,360.. 11,008,200 terials of their own production, was $167,3,841,964.. 3,575,895.. 3,091,215 209,214. That is, the South furnished to the 1,624,190.. 1,864,319.. 1,638,612 exporting mercantile enterprise of the North $107,332,895..$88,816,574..$88,803,027 within a fraction of as much as the whole of the exportable industry of that section. 18,417,500.. 16,486,000.. 22,746,430 "The total value of al! the imports into the United States within the three years, is .$125,750,395.$105,302,574.$111,549,457 stated as follows: "Of which, there were exported to foreign countries, during the same period, derived from official returns, viz: Cotton. Rice Naval stores.. 1849. 1848. 1847. .$66,396,967..$61,998,294..$53,415,878 5,804,207.. 1849. ports........ 14,716,030.. 14,200,043.. 11,161,667 7,551.122.. 7,242,086 Total North. $133,780,361. $137,373,891..129,806,027 2,331,824.. 3,605,896 845,161.. 752,303.. New-Orleans. Other Southern 8,077,910. 9,380,439.. 9,222,969 Charleston... 759,221 1,310,591. 1,485,299.. 1,580,658 ports......... 4,688,577. 6,760,298. 5,934,987 Total South....$14,077,078. $17,626,036. $16,738,605 Total.........$75,615,700..$72,633,543..$65,023,051 "Here it is shown that the aggregate amount of the exports of southern industry made to foreign countries within three years, was $212,273,294. "How much of all this, does the reader suppose, was imported by the South? Why, as shown by our tables, only 48,441,719! The rest, $164,835,575, went through the "Here it will be seen that the aggregate value of all the imports into the North was $400,959,279; while the total value of the imports into the South was only $48,441,719! Yet, within this period, the South furnished of the exports, values to the amount of $213,277,194 !" SOUTH-TONNAGE OF FREE AND SLAVE STATES. The New-Orleans Bulletin condenses the following table from the Treasury Report on Commerce, 1851 : TONNAGE CLEARED FROM THE UNITED STATES FOR THE YEARS 1850 AND 1849. .2,121,100.... 1,297,362.... 3,418,382.... 2,045,609.... 1,247,495....2,293,104 33,919. 964. ..511,588......429,964......941,552......718,115......438,214....1,156,329 |