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1826.]

Newnham, Northamptonshire.-Horace.

NEWNHAM, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.

HE village of Newnham, co.

TH

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OBSERVATIONS ON THE XIth ODE OF THE THIRD BOOK OF HORACE.

T Northampton, is situated between HORACE addresses this Ode to

two and three miles from Daventry. By the late census of Population, 1821, it contained 121 houses, and 574 inhabitants.

The name, says Mr. Baker, the historian of Northamptonshire, is evidently derived from its being a hamlet to the parish of Badby; signifying in Saxon, new ham; or new home and habitation. Its situation is picturesque, at the Southern base of a long steep declivity.

The Church or Parochial Chapel is represented in the annexed view (see Plate II.)* It is dedicated to St. Mary, and consists of an embattled tower, with a low octagonal spire, North and South aisles, South porch and chancel. The tower originally stood on four open arches, flanked by buttresses, which are now filled up with rubble. The roof inside is groined, spreading, from a corbel head in each spandril. The tower is 19 feet 6 inches by 14 f. 6 in.; the nave and aisles 51 f. 2 in. long; the North aisle 11 f. 10 in.; the nave 16 f. 5 in.; and South aisle 12 f. 5 in. wide; and the chancel 51 f. 7 in. long by 16 f. 7 in. wide. It is partially pewed, and some of the old parallel benches remain. The nave is divided from the pointed arches, resting on three pillars.

The arms of Newnham, between the words Thomas Newenham, remain in painted glass, in the Eastern window of the North aisle; and in most of the windows are fragments of painted glass. At the East end of the South wall are two stone seats and a piscina. Thomas Randolph the poet and dramatist was born in the village of Newnham, in 1605. The house in which he was born, we copied from Mr. Baker's work, in vol. xcII. Part ii. p. 529. t

For this View we are obliged to Mr. Baker. It forms a pleasing specimen of the vignette embellishments in his elaborate and very excellent History, of which we are happy to announce, this month, a second Portion. See our Review, p. 41.

It is there erroneously said that the house is at Badhy; but it is at Newnham, in the parish of Badby.

GENT. MAG. July, 1826.

Mercury as his tutelary deity, for he was supposed to have been the inventor of the lyre and its seven strings, and he intreats him that he may, in the same manner that he instructed Amphion, enable him to address his mistress Lyde, in words to which she might give a favourable reception. Mercury either derives his name a mercibus, because he was the god of merchandize, or from a contraction of the words medius and cur

rens, because he was the messenger between gods and men, and besides being the patron of poets, he was worshipped as the god of orators, merFrom some early proofs which he gave chants, travellers, and also shepherds. of his craftiness and dexterity, Jupiter appointed him as his ambassador, inoffice he discharged till the promotion terpreter, and cup-bearer, which latter of Ganymede. He was presented by Jupiter with a winged cup called petasus, with wings for his feet called talaria, and a short sword called herpe,

and the lyre which he invented he ex

changed with Apollo for the caduceus, which is mentioned by the poet in the first book.

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This fable is explained by supposing that he persuaded by his eloquence a wild and uncivilized people to unite together, and build a town to protect themselves against the attacks of their enemies.

Nec loquax olim.] The olim here relates to the days before the birth of Mercury, and is in itself a very elegant and well-turned compliment. Formerly, he says, the sound of the lyre was unknown, but now, since you have introduced it, it has come into general use, and is even a welcome

companion at the table and the altars of the gods themselves.

Que velut latis.] Lyde, who it appears was nuptiarum expers, was scarcely of an age to regard the addresses of a man, in consequence of which the poet compares her to a colt who frisks about the meadow, as yet unused to the bit, and who cannot endure to be confined, or even touched. In a former Ode, contrary to his present doctrine, he reprobates the desire of tasting the unripe grape, and recommends us to wait till Autumn shall tinge it with a purple hue: the idea, velut equa campis, is to be found in the Ode alluded to,

Circa virentes est animus tuæ
Campos juvencæ;

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Cerberus is well known as the doorkeeper of Hell, and so vigilant was he at his post, that it was impossible for any person unassisted by a divinity to repass the Tartarean boundary. Virgil thus mentions him in the VIth Eneid, and the manner in which Æneas overcame him:

Cerberus hæc ingens latratu segna trifauci
Personat, adverso recubans immanis in antro;
Cui vates horrere videns jam colla colubris,
Melle soporatam et medicatis frugibus offam
Injecit; atque immania terga resolvit
Fusus humi.

Occupat Eneas aditum.

Quin et Ixion.] The poet here describes the charms of music to have been so great as to have caused a momentary cessation of the torments of the infernal regions. Ixion was con

Terence says, Animus est in patinis; demned in consequence of his seduc

and Anacreon,

Πωλε Θρηικιη, π' δημε

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Νυν δε λειμωνας τε βοσκεαι, Καφα τε σκιριωσα παίζεις, &c. Tu potes tigres comilesque silvas ducere.] This relates to the wellknown story of Orpheus's going to the infernal regions in quest of Eurydice, who was restored to him in consequence of the impression his melodious strains made on the breast of Pluto: he received her on condition

that he should not look behind him

till he reached the extremest borders of Hell; but Orpheus unfortunately forgetting this injunction, when he arrived almost in sight of upper air, turned back to behold his long-lost Eurydice! He saw her, but she instantly vanished from his eager eyes! thus verifying the words of Virgil: Sed revocare gradum, superasq; evadere ad

auras

Hoc opus, hic labor est.

The story of Orpheus is mentioned again and again by the poets. Horace has somewhere in the first book

Unde vocalem temerè insecutæ
Orphea sylvæ
rapidos morantem

Fluminum lapsus.
And Virgil, Æneid vi.—
-Potuit manes arcessere conjugis Orpheus,
Threicia fretus citharâ, fidibusq; canoris.

Cessit immanis tibi.] The monster

tion of Juno, to be tied to a wheel, which being in perpetual motion, allowed him no respite. Pope beautifully says, in allusion to this passage: "Thy stone, O Sisyphus, stands still, Ixion rests upon his wheel, And the pale spectres dance!"

Audiat Lyde scelus atque notas Virginum pœnas.] The poet artfully reminds Lyde of the punishments in Hell, which the daughters of Danaus endured for their cruelty, and admonishes her to profit by their example, as the gods never fail to punish those who are cruel to their lovers.

The story of the Danaides, so elegantly and strikingly told here by Horace, is briefly this.-The fifty daughters of Danaus made a promise to their father to murder their husbands on the night of their wedding. They all but one, who is described as splendide mendax, kept their promise, and the punishment inflicted on them for their treachery was, to pour water perpetually through a vessel which was perforated at the bottom, and which consequently could never be filled.

Y

S. H. C.

Mr. URBAN, July 8. YOUR Correspondent, D. A. Brit ton (Part i, p. 499), having observed that he could not find Cople, in Bedfordshire, in Domesday Book, I take the liberty of sending you what I trust is a literal translation of the account given in that work of Cople, under the names of Cockepol and Chochepol.

1826.]

Early Owners of Cople, Bedfordshire.

(Fol. 212 b. and 213 b.) In Cople, Robert holds of Hugh de Bello Campo (Beauchamp) four hides of land for one manor. There is land for four ploughs. In the demesne are two ploughs, and six villanes having two ploughs. There is one bordar and one cottager. Meadow for one plough. Pannage, in all Cople, for one hundred hogs. It is worth sixty shillings; when received twenty shillings; in King Edward's time sixty shillings. This land was held by three Sochmen, who might have sold it.

(Fol. 217, and 217 b.) In Cople, Hugh holds of the Countess Judith one virgate of land. This land is and was always worth thirty pence.Wluuin, a vassal of King Edward, held this land, and could sell it to whom he pleased.

These lands of Hugh de Bello Campo in Cople, formed a part of the Barony of Bedford, and descended to his

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right heirs through many generations. Thus part of the estate at Cople came to John de Nevill de Raby, in right of his wife, who was grand-daughter of Elizabeth, one of the daughters of Maud, sister and heir of Otto, son of Beatrix de Beauchamp; which Beatrix was one of the three sisters and coheiresses of John de Beauchamp, the last Baron of Bedford of that name, who was slain at Evesham in 1265. Other part of these lands at Cople descended to Thomas Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, whose ancestor Roger de Mowbray married Maud, one of the three sisters and coheiresses of the above-mentioned John de Beauchamp.

But their descent from the original possessor of the lands at Cople, at the period when the Domesday Book was compiled, will be more clearly shown by stating their pedigrees.

Hugh de Bello Campo, or de Beauchamps, who came to England with William the Con

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William, ob. infans.

Elizabeth, sole d. and h. mar. John de Nevill de Raby, ob. 12 R. II.t

The eldest sons of Thomas Duke of Norfolk and John de Nevill, claimed to be Lord Almoners at the Corona

tion of Henry IV. as descendants of Maud and Beatrix de Beauchamp, and their claims were allowed. H.H.G.

Esch. 1 H. IV. No. 71 a. Thomas Duk Norfolc'.-Bedeford Castr per servic' essendi elemos' Regis die Coronationis sue.-Coupill, &c. Reddit.

+ Esch. 12 R. II. No. 40.-Joh'es de Nevill de Raby Ch'r et Eliz' uxor ejus.-Coupell, &c. Feoda.

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