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'Glory be to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will towards

men."

A few words of congratulation between the Queen and the American President passed along the electric wires, and augured well for the successful issue of the enterprise; but, alas! for human hopes and human aspirations, the electric current ceased to flow-the magic voice, remonstrant, faintly articulating some vague syllables, was heard no more.

The improvement in science and the application of new principles of construction will, no doubt, at some future and perhaps not distant period, crown this splendid design with complete fulfilment. The actual transmission of the Queen's message, and the President's reply, seem reasonably to warrant the presumption that a successful result will be ultimately attained; and that the noblest project of ancient or modern times-fully to develope and utilize to the utmost extent, for the welfare of mankind, the wonderful powers of electricity-will be finally and auspiciously accomplished.

APPENDIX XI.

York Minster.

On the restoration of York Minster after the fire in 1839, a public meeting was held in York, to consider whether the screen under the great tower should be removed.

EXTRACT FROM LORD MORPETH'S SPEECH ON THE OCCASION.

After some observations as to the right of the subscribers generally to express their opinions as to the reality and expediency of the suggested improvement, his Lordship proceeded :

"The question, then, to which I now turn is-' Whether the proposed removal would be an improvement.'

"To the exclusively antiquarian part of the question I do not think it necessary for myself to advert: it is one to which, I own it frankly, I do not attach the same importance which is attached by others. All this part of the case has been investigated by persons whose opportunities, as well as abilities for research, are greater than any which could possibly be at my command; and I believe it to be satisfactorily made out that the present position of the screen is far from being the original position-far from being the position contemporary with the rest of the edifice. [No, no.] Well, it is at all events a matter of dispute and of opinion; but for this I should not so much care, even

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if it had been the original contemporaneous position; further, even if were the uniform position of all existing screens in all existing cathedrals, which it decidedly is not, the variety of their position being infinite. But, allowing every claim and every hypothesis which the opponents of removal may advance, still, if it was satisfactorily made out that neither the stability of the general edifice nor the convenience of public worship would suffer-and we are assured by those most competent to inform us that they would not-then, these two essential and primary points being secured, if it should appear that an obvious improvement in the general effect would be accomplished by the removal of the screen, let it be removed. But then, in default of any particular objection to the removal, we have the grand general objection, Will you alter what has been so long admired ?—will you venture to alter anything in so fine a building? As to the propriety of not altering upon the sole ground of long standing, I fear it would be reckoned very petulant and irreverent to throw any slight upon the old wisdom of our ancestors' line of argument. I may just be permitted to observe that, however incompetent we poor degenerate moderns may be to execute anything like the splendid works of other days, still the very excellence of those works has enabled, and as it were educated, our eye to judge of the comparative merits, the comparative nearness to perfection which those works display. The same refined and accurate taste which enables Mr. Markham and Mr. Morritt so justly to glory in the matchless beauties of the Minster, may qualify another person to point out an obvious improvement in their disposition, which would enhance and heighten them. The question for consideration will always be, 'Is it an obvious improvement?' Again-'But the Minster is so very fine a building, that it is sacrilege itself to make any alteration.' I will put a parallel case. Mr. Markham is a travelled man, and we have often together admired the Church of St. Peter's, at Rome. Far from me be it to decide what style of architecture is best adapted to the purposes of religious worship. Some will declare for the clustering shafts and vaulted aisles of York; some, for the marble floors and golden roofs of the Vatican. Be that as it may, there can be less dispute that one is at the head of all Gothic-the other, of all Grecian or Roman ecclesiastical architecture. But it is well known that the exterior of St. Peter's is disfigured by a very heavy and ill-placed attic. Suppose some calamity like that of fire to have befallen that noble edifice; suppose that the means and munificence of the Roman world sufficed for its repair; and suppose, once more, that, in the course of the repair, it should appear that the vicious attic could be removed, and the full majesty of the vast dome be suffered to expand.— Should a Cardinal then step out and say, 'I am satisfied with the St. Peter's of my youth; I despair of making it better, and I will stand or fall by the attic' I should think or speak most favourably of his zeal, but I should doubt in

this instance the practical wisdom of its application. The question, then— the only question-whither every separate point I take up steadily convergesis, whether the proposed removal would be an obvious improvement? This, of course, is a point in which one person cannot dictate to another. Every one must use his own eyes, form his own judgment, pronounce his own decision. I must avow, for my part, that my own examination of the plans, of the drawings, and the spot, leads me to the irresistible conclusion that the removal in question would be a great and manifest improvement. We have heard great admiration of the screen. With that admiration I am not disposed to quarrel; but I must, at the same time, observe that however great the merits of the screen may be however elaborate and exquisite its workmanship and details may be still, if they are brought into comparison with the general effect of the noble pillars of the centre, and the massive tower-consequently with the general effect of the whole building-they must at once give place; aye, even if the screen, instead of being moved twenty feet back, were to be totally lost to our sight; and I should say the same if it were ten times as beautiful as it confessedly is, if the materials had been ten times as precious, if the statues of the monarchs which adorn it had been each the work of Phidias or of Chantrey. Bring a stranger into York Minster-for it is by first and fresh impressions that all questions of general effect are best to be decided, and it is only the long-accustomed and satiated eye that condescends to the minute particulars ;-place any enlightened stranger in any open spot of the Minster, and observe whether his admiration will be most riveted by the beautiful littlenesses of the screen, or by the bold, stately, palmlike spring of those centre columns, which form, in my mind, the main characteristics and attraction of the whole fabric:

'Tho' the same sun, with all diffusive rays,
Blush in the rose, and in the diamond blaze;
We prize the stronger effort of his power,
And justly set the gem above the flower.'

So it is pre-eminently in architecture. I must always prefer the awfully vast to the elegantly little. These are the chief reasons which have induced me to adopt the recommendation of Mr. Smirke, and to vote for the original motion. I hope that, in expressing them, I have adhered to my declared inten tion of doing so with all possible respect to my opponents, and to the meeting at large. I hope still more that, whatever the result may be, the irritation which, in the progress of the question, has arisen, will speedily subside, and totally disappear. There is a price at which even the beauties of the Minster would be bought too dearly. Hints, I know, have been thrown out that subscribers would re-demand their money. I cannot bring myself to feel great uneasiness on this head; I cannot but think that, when the agitation of

the contest shall have passed away, and when the finished work of our restored Minster shall be presented to the admiration which it will so justly claim, both on account of the public spirit which furnished the means, and of the admirable execution which has accomplished the work of restoration-very few will be found who will be willing to forego their own share in an undertaking which reflects so much credit on the liberality, the taste, I may even add, the piety of our countrymen.”

APPENDIX XII.

LORD CARLISLE at Oxford.

"THE undergraduate body of Christ Church in my time contained more than one of our existing notabilities. We had also several members of the aristocracy who have since created a reputation for themselves, though under names which have since been merged in hereditary or acquired titles. Lord Derby, as Mr. Stanley, was of a former generation, though his fame was still vigorous. There were, however, the present Lord Stanley of Alderley, then Mr. Stanley; Mr. Robert Grosvenor, now Lord Ebury; and Lord Ashley, now Lord Shaftesbury. But by far the most distinguished of the aristocratic coterie was George Howard, who, as Lord Carlisle, has lately passed away from this earthly scene. In the year 1821 he became the monstratus digito prætereuntium, as the most successful competitor for both the undergraduate prizes. The subjects were Eleusis' and 'Pæstum ;' and the latter was really a beautiful poem on the far-famed temples of Southern Italy, which made so great an impression on me, that I could even now recite it off by heart. I have a kindly remembrance of Howard, for he was always very civil to me. He bore an irreproachable character as an undergraduate, and united, to an extent remarkable in a young man, a dignified bearing with affable and amiable manners. I wrote for both the prizes which he gained, and each succeeding year for the Newdigate, which I never was so fortunate as to get."-Personal Recollections of an Old Oxonian, from "The Month" (Nov., 1865), Simpkin and Marshall.

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Monumental Inscription in the Kilkenny Cathedral, written by Lord Morpeth,

1833.

WITHIN this hallowed aisle, 'mid grief sincere,

Friends, brothers, comrades laid young Howard's bier.
Gentle and brave, his country's arms he bore
To Ganges' stream, and Ava's hostile shore.
His God in war and shipwreck was his shield,
But stretched him lifeless on a peaceful field.
Thine are the times and ways, all-ruling Lord:
Thy will be done, acknowledged, and adored!

APPENDIX XIII.

Pedigree of the Family of HOWARD, EARLS OF CARLISLE.

THE following genealogy of Lord Carlisle is taken from a Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire, by Sir Bernard Burke, LL. D., Ulster King at Arms:

CARLISLE, EARL OF (William George Howard), Viscount Howard, of Morpeth, co. Northumberland; Baron Dacre, of Gillesland, senior co-heir of the Barony of Clifford, and co-heir to a moiety of the Barony of Greystock; in holy orders, Rector of Londesborough, co. York; b. 23 Feb. 1808; s. his brother as 8th Earl, 5 Dec. 1864.

LINEAGE.

LORD WILLIAM HOWARD, 2nd son of Thomas, 4th Duke of Norfolk, was restored in blood, by act of Parliament, in 1603, and having m. Elizabeth, dau of Thomas, and sister and co-heir of George, Lord Dacre, of Gillesland, became in her right proprietor of Naworth Castle, in Cumberland, the ancient seat of the Dacre family. His lordship acquired also, in the same manner, Hinderskelle, the site of Castle Howard. He had inter alios

I. PHILIP (Sir), m. Margaret, dau. of Sir John Carryl, of Hastings, in Sussex; and dying before his father, left, with other issue, WILLIAM, who s. his grandfather.

II. FRANCIS (Sir), of Corby Castle, in Cumberland, ancestor of the HOWARDS, of Corby.

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