of God." I had a full chapel at each service, and I bless the assisting Providence of the Lord, who enabled me to labor unweariedly, and to give general pleasure to the hearers. On Monday evening I again preached in the same chapel, on—The true Object of Worship, "One Lord, one faith, one baptism." The chapel was at all the services well filled, and Mr. Senior and his son amply paid my expences.

On Tuesday I left my kind friends at Dalton, whose unwearied attention to my every want calls forth my sincere gratitude to them and to our dear heavenly Father, whom they endeavor so indefatigably to serve.

I preached in the evening of the same day (Tuesday) at Liverpool, on Isaiah xxxi, 1; and again, on Thursday evening, on Matthew xvii, 1, 2.

This afternoon (Friday) I set sail for Glasgow; there, if the Lord permit, to commence my labors in Scotland.'

During my stay at Dalton I was requested by my kind friend, Mr. George Senior, to peruse a work which his son had written, in reply to an attack made by the curate of Aldmonbury Church, near Huddersfield, and to make any corrections I might think needful prior to its going to press. I did so, but found very little to alter or amend ; for what I did, however, Mr. Joseph Senior expressed himself most thankful, and presented me with forty copies of his work; and these corrections, besides laying the foundation of a friendship between us which terminated but with his life, led to very frequent literary employment from him, which I shall name in its proper place.

Seventh Period :

FROM THIRTY-EIGHT TO FIFTY-TWO YEARS OF AGE.

1834 TO 1848.

'If God wills man's happiness, and man's happiness can only be obtained by the exercise of his faculties, then God wills that man should exercise his faculties; that is, it is man's duty to exercise his faculties; for DUTY MEANS THE FULFILMENT OF THE DIVINE WILL. That it is man's duty to exercise his faculties is further proved by the fact, that what we call punishment attaches to the neglect of that exercise. Not only is the normal activity of each faculty productive of pleasure, but the continued suspension of that faculty is productive of pain. As the stomach hungers to digest food, so does every bodily and mental agent hunger to perform its appointed action. And as the refusal to satisfy the cravings of the digestive faculty is productive of suffering, so is the refusal to satisfy the cravings of any other faculty also productive of suffering to an extent proportionate to the importance of that faculty. But as God wills man's happiness, that line of conduct which produces unhappiness is contrary to his will. Therefore the non-exercise of his faculties is contrary to his will, Either way, then, we find that the exercise of the faculties is God's will and man's duty.'

HERBERT SPENCER.-Social Statics.

The qualities and characters of different men may be referred to those of different minerals; so that one man may figuratively be denominated a man of gold, another a man of silver, another of copper or brass, another of lead, another of iron, etc., etc. Some men, also, are combinations of these metals, whilst others outwardly present the aspect of a superior metal, when yet inwardly they have the substance of an inferior one. Perhaps the perfection of the human character results from the combination of all; provided that in the combination, the gold be uppermost, and the other metals have an orderly arrangement beneath it according to their respective value.'

CLOWES.

ON my arrival in Glasgow, my first duty was to present my credentials to the Society of Swedenborgians, who had engaged me as their pastor, and I can with

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truth say, that from every member, I received a most cordial welcome. Where all were kind and attentive, it would be invidious to particularise any.

The place of worship was exceedingly small, and I think I may say that forty persons would have rendered it inconveniently crowded. The Society, however, was equally limited in number, I think not exceeding twentyfive. They were persons in the middle rank of life, possessed of the ordinary means of subsistence; but their liberality was great-greater than I have ever found in any other Society of the Swedenborgians, and they subscribed liberally towards the support of the church as well as of myself. They were very orderly in their general conduct; and punctual and regular in their attendance on the public services of the church, and I may here say, once for all, that during my fourteen years residence in Glasgow, I never found the congregation remiss in their religious duties on the Sabbath. At the appointed time they were found in their places, and neither the minister nor the congregation were annoyed by persons coming in late, except indeed in the case of occasional visits by strangers.

The trials and vicissitudes I had been subjected to induced me to take for my first subject in Glasgow the following text: 'Therefore, behold I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness, and speak comfortably unto her. And I will give her her vineyards from thence, and the valley of Achor for a door of hope; and she shall sing there as in the days of her youth, and as in the days when she came up out of the land of Egypt.' (Hosea ii, 14, 15.) This sermon set forth the trials and comforts of the Christian; it was much approved of, and a request was made from the congregation for its publication; and the publication of it led to the reception of the doctrines of the New Church, by Mr. Andrew Bain, of the firm of Bell and Bain.

As already noted, my friend Mr. Joseph Senior had presented me with forty copies of his 'Letter to the Rev.

David James'; it was very handsomely printed, and I was desirous that my sermon should be printed in the same handsome style; so I made inquiry for the best printer in the city, and learned that for accuracy and elegance of typography no printers were superior to the firm of Bell and Bain. I therefore took my manuscript to this firm, and with it a copy of Mr. Senior's letter, which I left with the printers, expressing a wish that my sermon might be printed equally well. It was not, however, my sermon that led Mr. Bain to receive the doctrines, but the perusal by that gentleman of the letter of Mr. Senior, which I had left as a sample of the style of printing I wished for my sermon. Shortly after the printing of this sermon, Mr. Bain began to attend worship at my little church (the 'wee kirk,' as it was called) and at length became a cordial receiver of the doctrines and a warm friend to me. I afterwards learned that his partner, Mr. Bell, had long been an admirer of Swedenborg's writings, but it was not till I had been in Glasgow some time, that he became a regular attendant at my little church.

I had now to turn my attention to the most efficient mode of spreading the doctrines of the church with which I had become connected. There was but one other minister belonging to the Swedenborgians in the whole kingdom of Scotland, and he at that time was in a very delicate state of health, and not able to bear the fatigues of travelling.

There had been established some few years prior to my settlement in Glasgow, a Society for the Propagation of the Doctrines of the New Church as set forth in the writings of Swedenborg, but with the single exception of the distribution of tracts, it had languished for want of an active person able and willing to make rapid journeys. I proposed to my Glasgow friends that a quarterly visit should be made to the scattered members of the Church in Scotland. There were societies of Swedenborgians in Paisley and Dundee without a regular minister, and there were receivers of the New Church views in many other

towns. These societies I proposed to visit once a quarter, remaining one Sabbath with each in its turn, and administering the ordinances of religion, and visiting the scattered members, whenever practicable, on the ordinary days of the week. This proposition I was induced to make at the instance of my friend Mr. Joseph Senior, of Dalton, who earnestly begged me not to let so wide a field remain fallow. He presented me with a copy of Carne's Lives of Eminent Missionaries,' and promised further to aid me with any books I might need, if I would but go out and make the doctrines known wherever and whenever I had the opportunity. At the same time, he advised me not to court controversy, but to state the doctrines of the New Church in plain and simple language, and without interfering with the prejudices of others, or placing the Calvinistic doctrines in too strong a contrast. Preach the truth,' said he, 'spare no error, but in all things imitate the Great Teacher, and aim at getting the " common people" to hear you; therefore use simple language. Go out wherever you can find a hearer, and be sure that the Lord will prosper you in your efforts, if you look to him for help, and teach the truth in love. What help I can render you pecuniarily, you may depend upon.'

I resolved to follow this advice; and I did so during my stay in Scotland, so that during the latter part of my residence in Glasgow, the principal complaint against me was, not that I labored too little, but that I worked too hard. But I must not anticipate.

My proposition was favorably received, and it was carried into effect before I had been resident in Glasgow three months. My first journey was made to Berwickon-Tweed, (for, though this town was not absolutely in Scotland, it was yet too remote from the London Society to admit of their visitation), to Alloa, to Dunfermline, and Dundee. At Dundee I delivered a lecture on the Atonement, which was attended by a very large congregation, probably eight hundred persons. This lecture, which