Evolution and Human KinshipOxford University Press, 11.02.1988 г. - 176 страници While there have been controversial attempts to link conclusions from sociobiological studies of animal populations to humans, few behavioral scientists or anthropologists have made serious progress. In this work, Austin Hughes presents a unique and well-defined theoretical approach to human social behavior that is rooted in evolutionary biology and sociobiology, and which is additionally viewed as a direct continuation of the structural-functional tradition in anthropological research. Using mathematical and statistical techniques, Hughes applies the principles of kin selection theory--which states that natural selection can favor social acts that increase the fitness of both individuals and their relatives--to anthropological data. Among the topics covered are the subdivision of kin groups, selection of leaders in traditional societies, patronage systems, and the correspondence between social and biological kinship. The author concludes that patterns of concentration of relatedness are more important than average relatedness for predicting social behavior. He also shows that social interactions can often be predicted on the basis of common genetic interest in dependent offspring. The result is a major contribution to the field of behavioral biology. |
Съдържание
| 3 | |
2 The Theory of Kin Selection | 22 |
3 Cooperation and Sharing among Kin | 34 |
4 The Structure of Relatedness | 57 |
5 Kin Group Subdivision and Conflict | 72 |
6 Kinship and Leadership | 88 |
7 The Structure of Kinship Terminologies | 116 |
8 Prospects for a Biologically Based Social Science | 132 |
Appendix A | 142 |
Appendix B | 144 |
Bibliography | 145 |
Author Index | 155 |
Subject Index | 158 |
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Често срещани думи и фрази
actual additive genetic values affines altruistic apical ancestor assume assumption b₁ basis biological relatedness biologists Canonical canonical correlation Chapter clan close kin coefficients of relatedness confidence of paternity consider Crow and Omaha cultural anthropologists defined descent developed digraph eigenvalue eigenvector estimate ethical evolutionary example fact fact-value distinction Figure focal offspring functional questions gene genealogy genetic common interest given group members Hughes human social behavior human sociobiology hypothesis inclusive fitness individual fitness interactions kin group kin selection kin selection theory kinship network kinship terminology leader leadership lineage Makuna marriage matrix maximize mean naim Nuer patrilineal patterns payoff vector PC1 and PC2 phenotypic polyandry polygynous population position predictions principal components Radcliffe-Brown relatedness is concentrated relationship represents reproductive success resource share Section sibship social anthropology social group society sociobiology solution set strategy structure subgroups Tartharol Teivaliol telos tion trait variables variance viduals
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