You may therefore fee in what Tearmes wee ftand Abroad, and I feare me at Home for Refiftance in no better State: There must be to withstand a forraine Invafion, a Proportion both of Sea and Land Forces for to give an Enemy an easie Paffage, and a Port to relieve him in, is no leffe than to hazard all at one Stake; and it is to be confidered, that no March of Land can be of that Speed to make Head against the Landing of an Enemy, nor no fuch Prevention as to bee Master of the Sea: To this Point of neceffarie Defence, there can be no leffe than 24000 for the Land Forces: if it were for an offenfive Warre, the Men of leffe Livelihood were the best spared, and were used formerly to make fuch Warre Purgamento Repub, if wee made no farther Purchase by it: and for a Safetie of a Common wealth, the Wifedome of all Times did never intereffe the publique Caufe to any other, than fuch as have a Portion in the publique Adventure, and that we faw in 88. when the Care of the Queene and Counfell did make the Body of that large Army no other than the trayned Band with which the Auxiliaries of the whole Realme amounted to no leffe than 24000 Men; neither was any of thefe drawne from forth their Countries and proper Habitations before the End of May, that there must bee no long Agrievance to the Publique: fuch Difcontentments being even to us a more fatall Enemy than any forraine Force: the carefull Diftribution and Direction of their Sea and Land Forces, being more fitting for a Counsell of Warre, than a private Man to advise of. I paffe it over, yet willing when I fhall bee called humbly to offer uppe fuch Obfervations as I have formerly gathered by the former like Occafions in this Realme.

To make up this Preparation, there is requifite two Things; Money, and Affections, for they cannot be properly fevered.

It was well and wifely faid of the great Counsellor the Lord Burleigh, in the like Cafe to the Queene, Win Hearts and you have their Hands and Purfes. And I finde that of late, Diffidence having bin a Defect in the one, it hath unhappily produced the other.

In gathering then of Money for this prefent Need, there is requifite three Things, Speed, Affurance, and Satisfaction; and the Way to gather as others in the like Cafe have done, muft be by that Path-way that is called Via Regia, being more fecure and fpeedy; for by unknowne and untrodden Wayes it is both rougher and tedious, and feldome fucceedeth: This laft Way, although it tooke Place as it were by a Supply at firft, and received no generall Deniall; yet fince, it hath drawne many to confult with themfelves and others in the Confequence, and is now conceived as a Preffure on their Liberties and against Law; I much feare, if now againe it bee offered eyther in the fame Face, or by Privie Seale, it will bee refufed wholly; neyther finde I it, that the Reftraint of thofe Recufants have produced any other Effect than a ftiffe Refolution in them and others to forbeare: befides, although it went at firft with fome Affurance, yet when wee confider your Commiffions, and other Formes incident to fuch like Services, that how long it hangs in Hand, the many Delayes that wee may eafily fee, that fuch a Summe by Parliament granted is farre fooner and more eafily gathered.

If any make the Succeffions of Time, to produce an inevitable Neceffitie to inforce it, if denied, whether in generall, or by Excife, or by Impofition, or particular in fome felect Perfons, which is the Cuftome of fome Countries, and fo conclude it as therefore the publique State Suprema Lege, hee must looke for this to bee told them; that feeing Neceffitie muft conclude alwayes to gather Money as leffe fpeedy or affured, than that fo practifed, which cannot bee fitter than by Parliament, the Succeffe attendeth the Humour of the heedleffe Multitude, that are full of Jealoufie and Diftruft, and fo unlike to comply to any ufuall Courfe of Leavie but by Force; which if used, the Effect is fearefull, and hath beene fatall to this State: whereas that by Parliament refteth principally on the Regall Perfon, who may with Eafe and Safety mould them to his fit Defires, by a gracious yeilding to their just

Petitions.

If a Parliament then be the moft fpeedy, affured and fafe Way, it is fit to conceive what is the fairest Way to act and worke it to the prefent Neede: firft, for the Time of the ufuall Summons, reputed to bee 40 Dayes, to bee too large for this prefent Neceffity; it may bee by the dating of the Writs leffened, fince it is no pofitive Law, fo that Care be had that there bee but one County Day; if then, the fame to bee leavied bee once agreed of for the Time in the Body of our Graunt there may be Affignement made to the Knights of every Shire and County refpectively, who under fuch Affurance may fafely give Security proportionable to the Receipts, to fuch as fhall advance in prefent for the publique Service any Summes of Money.

The laft and weightieft Confideration, if a Parliament be thought fit, is how to remove or comply the Differences betweene the King and the Subjects in their mutuall Demaunds; and what I have learned amongst the better Sort of the Multitude I will freely declare, that your Lordships may be more enabled to remove and anfwere thofe Diftrufts, that either concerne Religion, publique Safety of the King and State, or the juft Liberties of the Common-wealth; for Religion is a Matter that they lay neereft to their Confcience, and they are led by this Ground of Jealoufie to doubt fome Practife against it: First, for that the Spanish Match was broken by the gratefull Industrie of my Lord of Buck. out of his religious Care; as there hee declared, that the Articles there demanded, in fome fuch Sufferance as may endanger the Quiet if not the State of the Reformed Religion heere. Yet there have been (when hee was a principall Actor in the Conditions of France) as hard, if not worse to the Prefervation of our Religion paffed, than those with Spaine; and the Sufpect is ftrengthened, by the clofe keeping of his Agreements, in the Point there concluded.

It is no leffe Argument of a Doubt to them of his Affections, in that his Mother and others, many of his Minifters in neere Imployment about him are fo affected, they talke much of his advancing Men papiftically devoted fo placed in the Campe of neereft Service and chiefe Command; and that the Recufants have got thefe late Yeares, by his Power, more of Courage (than Affurance) than before. If to cleere thefe Doubts (which perhaps are worfe in Fancy than in Truth) hee take a Courfe, it might much advance

the

the publique Service againft the fqueamish Humours that have more a violent Paffion than fetled Judgement, and are not the leaft of the oppofite Number in the Common-wealth.

The next is the late Loffes, Misfortunes, and Loffes both of Men and Munition, and how in our late Undertakings Abroad; which the more temperate Spirits impute to want of Counfell, and the more fublime Wits to Practice.

They began with the Palatinate, and lay the Fault of the Loffe there on the improved Credite of Gondamor, diftrufting him for the Staying of Supplies to Sir Horace Veere, when Collonell Cecill was caft on that Imployment, by which the King of Spaine became the Mafter of the Kings Childrens Inheritance: And when Count Mansfield had a Royall Supply of Forces to affift the Princes of our Part for the Recovery thereof, eyther Plot or Errour defeated the Enterprise for us to Spaines Advantage: That Sir Robert Mansfields Expedition to Algiers, fhould purchase only the Security and Guard of the Spanish Coafts: To fpend fo many 100000l. in the Cales Voyage, against the Advife of the Parliament, onely to warne the King of Spaine to bee in a Readineffe, and so weaken our felves, is taken for such a Signe of ill Affection to him amongst the Multitude: The fpending of fo much Munition and Victuals, and Money, in my Lord Willoughbies Journey, is conceived an unthriftie Error in the Director of it, to difarme our felves in fruitleffe Voyages, may (to fome over curious) feeme a Plot of Danger, to turne the Quarrell of Spaine our auncient Enemy; that the Parliament peticioned and gave Supply to fupport upon our Allies of France, and fo fome after (anew and happily) gave much Talke, that wee were not fo doubtfull of Spaine as many wifh fince. It was held not long agoe a fundamentall Rule of theirs and our Security, by the old Lord Burleigh, that nothing can prevent the Spanish Monarchie, but a Fattneffe of the two Princes whole Amitie, gave Countenance and Courage to the Netherlanders and German Princes to make Head against his Ambition; and we fee by this Difunion a fearefull Defeat hath happened to Denmarke, and that Party to the Advantage of the Auftrian Family, and thus farre of the Wafte of publique Treasure in fruitleffe Expeditions, and an important Caufe to hinder any new Supply in Parliament: another Feare that may difturbe the fmooth and fpeedie paffing of the Kings Defire in Parliament, is the late Waste of the Kings Livelyhood whereby is like, as in former Times to arife this Jealoufie and Feare, that when he hath not of his owne to fupport his Ordinarie, for which the Lands of the Crowne were fettled unalterable and called facri Patrimonium Principis, that then hee muft of Neceffitie reft to thofe Affiftances of the People, which ever were collected and configned for the Commonwealth from hence ic is like there will be no great Labour and Stiffeneffe to enduce his Majeftie to an Act of Refumption, fince fuch Defires of the State have found an eafie Way in the Will of all Princes from the 3. HEN. to. the laft, but that which is like to paffe the deeper to their Difputes and Care, is the late Preffures they fuppofe to have beene done upon publique Liberties and Freedome of the Subject, in commanding their Goods without

Affent

Affent by Parliament, confining their Perfons without especiall Cause declared, and that made good by the Judges lately, and pretending a Writ to commaund their Attendance in a forreigne Warre; all which they are like to enforce as repugnant to many pofitive Lawes and cuftomary Immunities of this Common-wealth; and thefe dangerous Diftrufts to the People are not a little improved by his unexampled Course, as they conceive an Inland Armie in Winter Seafon, when former Times of greatest Feare Anno 88. produced no fuch, and makes therein their distracted Feare, to conjecture idly, it was rayfed wholly to fubject their Fortunes to that Will of Power, not of Law, and fo make good fome farther Breach upon their Liberties and Freedome at Home, than to defend from any Force-Abroad: how farre at Home fuch Jealoufies (if they met with any unufua!! Disorder of lawleffe Souldiers) or unapt Distemper of the loose and needy Multitude, which will easily turne away upon any Occasion, in the State they can fide with a glorious Pretence of Religion and publique Safetie, when their true End will bee onely Rapine of the Rich (and Ruine of all) is worthy a provident and preventing Care.

I have thus farre delivered that (that which Freedome you pleased to admit fuch Difficulties as I have taken up amongst the Multitude) which may avert if not remove Impediments to any speedy Supply in Parliament at this Time, which how to facilitate may better become the Care of your Lordships Judgement than my Ignorance; only wifh, that to remove away a personall Diftaft of my Lord of Buck. amongst the People, hee might be pleased, if there bee a Neceffitie of Parliament, to appeare a firft Adviser thereunto, and what Satisfaction it fhall please his Majestie of Grace to give at fuch Time to his People, which I would wish to be grounded with prefent of his best and fortunate Progenitors, and which I conceive will largely fatisfie the Defires and Hopes of all, if it may appeare in fome Sort to be drawn downe from him to the People, by the zealous Care and Industry that my Lord of Buck, hath of the publique Unitie and Content, by which there is no doubt, but hee may remaine not only fecure from any farther Quarrell with them, but merit happy Memory amongst them of a zealous Patriot, for to expiate the Paffion of the People at fuch Time with Sacrifice of any of his Majesties Servants, I have ever found (as in Edward II. Richard II. Henry VI.) no leffe fatall to the Master than the Minifter in the End.

The

The Proceeding of the Parliament being this Day related to the KING, by the Councellors of the COMMONS Houfe of Parliament.

H

IS MAJESTIE upon the Report made, expreffed great Contentment that it gave him; not valewing the Money given, comparable to the Hearts fhewed in the Way of the Guift: For although his great Occafions of State did require more Money than at this Time was given ; yet now he made Account he could not lacke, fince he had their Loves; and that this Day, he thought that he had gayned more Reputation in Christendome, than if he had wonne many Battailes : Saying further, (according to his Speech the firft Day of the Parliament) That they might easily make him in Love with Parliaments, (now he profeffed he was fo:) And that we should finde the Fruits of it by calling us often together, and to fecure further Feares, and create future Confidence, he affured us that we fhould enjoy as great Immunitie and Freedom in his Time, as ever we poffeffed or had under the Reigne of any the best Kings of this Realme.

1

The Duke of BUCKINGHAM his Speech to his MAJESTIE, on Friday, being the 4th of April, 1628.

SIR,

M'

EE thinkes I now behold you a great KING; for Love is greater than Majestie. Opinion that your People loved you not, had almost loft you in the Opinion of the World: but this Day makes you appeare as you are, A glorious KING loved at Home, and now to bee feared Abroad. This falling out fo happily, I beseech you give mee Leave to bee an humble Sutor unto your Majeftie. First, for my felfe, that I who have had the Honour to be your Favourite, may now give up my Title unto them, they to bee your Favourite, and I to bee your Servant. My fecond Sute is, that they having all done fo well, you will account of them all as one, a Body of many Members, but all of one Heart. Opinion might have made them dif fer, but Affection did move them all to joyne with like Love in this great Guift for Proportion, it being leffe than your Occafions may afke, yet it is more than ever Subjects did give in fo fhort a Time: Nor am I perfwaded it will reft there, for this is but as an Earneft of their Affections, to let you fee, and the World know, what Subjects you have; that when your Honour and the Good of the State is engaged, and Ayde afked in the ordinary Way of Parliament, you cannot want. This is not a Gift of five Subfidies alone, but the opening of a Mine of Subfidies which lyeth in their Hearts. This good Beginning hath wrought already thefe Effects, they have taken your

Heart,