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bronze, one hundred and five feet high, used as a lighthouse. It was overthrown by an earthquake fiftysix years after its erection, B.C. 244. The fragments remained on the spot for nine hundred and thirty-three years, and were sold to a Jew, who carried them away on nine hundred camels, A.D. 689.

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GREEK AMPHITHEATRE, MILETUS.

The siege of Rhodes by Soleiman the Magnificent, in 1523, lasted four months, during which prodigies of valour were manifested by both Turks and Christians. The Knights

were compelled to surrender, and to leave the island, which they had held as an outpost of Christendom for two hundred years. "It

I was," says a historian of the event, "an hour of woe; but the wanderers departed not unsolaced. They looked their last on the shattered towers from which the fate of war had driven them, supported by the consciousness that, though Rhodes had passed from under their sway, their protracted resistance had conferred the fame of victory even on defeat. They transferred their rule to Malta, and there made an impregnable defence against assault."

Our view of Rhodes in the splendid moonlight of the Levant was exceedingly impressive. A great square tower rose like a cliff, making a deeper darkness in the shade. The lights of the town twinkled far and wide

over the hills. A bright revolving light, like the glaring eye of Cyclops, seemed to guard the coast. Boats gliding silently by seemed like spectre barques. The myriad stars were reflected on the placid waves. The scene was of remarkable beauty and tranquillity.

We have entered now those scattered islands known as the Sporades. They recall the stirring lines of Byron

"The isles of Greece, the isles of Greece,

Where burning Sappho loved and sung, Where grew the arts of war and peace, Where Delos rose and Phoebus sprung. Eternal summer gilds them yet, And all except their sun is set.

"The Scian and the Teian muse,

The hero's harp, the lover's lute, Have found the fame your shores refuse; Their place of birth alone is mute To sounds which echo further west Than your sires' islands of the blest."

On our right rise the high serrated mountains of Asia Minor, jutting out in bold promontories far into the sea. Pretty white villages lie in the green valleys among the folded hilis, looking in the distance like a flock of sheep at rest. In the evening light masses of cumulus clouds rise, golden and snowy, in the crimson light; the great orb of the sun sinks slowly into the halcyon sea of deepest, intensest blue. One cannot help thinking of the stirring history of that same Asia Minor, with its great cities of renown as marts of trade throughout the world-now a solitude, where, as Disraeli says, the tinkling bell of the armed and wandering caravan alone breaks the silence of the scene. Around us spread the sunny Cyclades, whose very names-Telos, Kos, Kalymos, Lero, Patmos, Samos, Kios, Lesbos, Tenedos, Imbros, Nasos, Nyseroscall to mind many stirring classic memories.

In the Gulf of Kos is situated the ancient port of Miletus, once a busy city with its "four harbours," now a silent waste. The ruins of its stately

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speeding to Jerusalem," says Dr. Green, "did not touch, it appears, at Ephesus, but had to call at Miletus doubtless for some reason connected with the voyage; and so the port becomes memorable to all time for the simplest, noblest, tenderest pastoral address ever uttered. The place is silent, desolate now; long reeds and coarse grass are growing, amid undistinguishable ruins, where that weeping company once descended to the beach, and they all wept sore and fell upon Paul's neck and kissed him, sorrowing most of all for the words which he spake, that they should see his face no

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The mainland of the Gulf of Kos awakes our keenest interest as we watch it with eagerness through a glass, for there is the ancient Helicarnassus where Herodotus, the father of history, first saw the light, and where stood the famous temple of Mausolus, one of the seven wonders of the world, which has given us the English word "mausoleum." The site of the famous temple has been discovered, and much of its noble architecture found, although in a ruinous condition. Kos is one of the most picturesque of the Sporades, and one of the most renowned.

Day after day we glide amongst these lovely islands-green near the shore, but grey on the bold and rocky heights. Far up on the slope of the hills nestle the villages, or spread around the placid bay, snowwhite amid the green, while exquisite soft opalescent hues suffuse the scene. White sails gleam as the swift feluccas glide across the purple waves, recalling Tennyson's words, "Summer isles of Eden, lying in dark purple spheres of seas.'

At Chios the air was fragrant with orange blossoms and rose hedges. In such profusion do the roses abound that a specialty of the island is its rose-flavoured marmalade. Earthquake and war have done their best, or worst, to despoil this lovely isle. At Kastia the old Genoese walls and towers line the shore in green and melancholy desolation. Chios is one of the cities which claim to be the birthplace of Homer, "the blind old man of Chios' rocky isle." It has a stirring history, but no more tragic episode than the grim disaster by which it was overtaken some seventy years ago. The island had a population of 110,000, nearly all Greeks-a mild, gay, lively, industrious, peace

ful population. The women were especially celebrated for their charms and grace. In an evil hour they were hurried into insurrection against their Turkish masters. An army of fanatical Moslems descended upon the island, which was given up to pillage and massacre. The archbishop and the heads of the Church were hanged with every mark of ignominy and their heads thrown into the sea. In two months twenty thousand Chiotes fell by the sword and forty-five thousand were dragged into slavery. A few months later only two thousand Greeks remained on the whole island.

While the Turks were triumphing, the Greeks prepared their reprisal. "Then ensued," writes Gen. Gordon, "one of the most extraordinary military exploits recorded in history. Constantine Canaris and thirty-three brave comrades volunteered their services; taking advantage of a dark night, they ran into the midst of the Turkish fleet, anchored in the channel of Scio, and grappled their fire-ship to the huge vessel of Captain Pasha, which instantly caught the flames, and in a few hours blew up with the crew of two thousand men. The Greeks meanwhile stepped into a large launch which they had in tow, shouting Victory to the Cross!'the ancient war-cry of the imperial armies of Byzantium - and made good their escape to Syra without the loss of a single man."

The island is now recovering its prosperity, and the dark green foliage of the olive groves and gardens make a beautiful background to the town of Scio, seen from the sea. Threading the channel between the island and the mainland, there opened to our view the splendid harbour and stately city of Smyrna, which for two thousand years has been the most important seaport of Asia Minor.

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THERE are few cities in the world that are more admirably situated or more naturally adapted for an allthe-year-round residence than Toronto, the Queen City of the Lakes. Situated as it is, in the heart of the temperate zone, its climate tempered and made equable by the broad waters of Lake Ontario, with a beautiful harbour which renders boating and bathing safe and pleasant pastimes during the summer months, together with many other advantages, Ontario's capital can hold her own against the world as an ideal home.

The summer climate of Toronto is remarkably healthful and equable, and is one of the finest in the world. The days are bright and sunny. There is almost invariably a cool breeze from some quarter, and the nights and mornings are cool and

delightful. There are no diseases due to climatic influences, such as malaria or hay fever. Sunstroke is almost unknown in this region. The rainfall is not excessive, an occasional thunderstorm only serving to cool the atmosphere and refresh the foliage. The average summer humidity is about 71°. The streets are well shaded by luxuriant and ornamental shade trees. There are no cyclones, hurricanes, or very high winds. Wild flowers in endless variety bloom in the parks and neighbouring woods and ravines from May to October. Almost every plant that requires a hot summer can thrive in Ontario. The proximity of such a large body of fresh water as that of Lake Ontario undoubtedly assists largely in equalizing the tenperature.

The area within the city limits is

*For the admirable illustrations which accompany this article, and for much of the text, we are indebted to the courtesy of Mr. Fred Smily, publisher of "Toronto and Adjacent Summer Resorts," of "Canadian Summer Resorts," and other art publications.

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HORTICULTURAL PAVILION, TORONTO.

about 10,391 acres. In this area there is a population of about 200,000. There are about 250 miles of streets of which over one-half are paved. There are 83 miles of lanes and 430 miles of sidewalks. There are 781 miles of steam railway track and 68 miles of street railway track. Of overhead electric wires there are 4,300 miles, together with an additional 30 miles of underground electric conduit. The city is situated on a plateau gently ascending north for a distance of three miles, where an altitude of 220 feet above the lake is reached.

Except on the main business thoroughfares most of the streets have boulevards of well-kept lawns

and shade trees. Many of the residential districts present on each side of the avenue a regular forest line of chestnuts, elms and maples. The residential portion of the city is to the stranger one of the most pleasing features of the town. for Toronto is a veritable "City of Homes," and its citizens vie with one another in the artistic appearance and conveniences of their home-life. There are no flats as in New York and some other cities, and almost every head of a family, no matter how poor, has a house to himself which he rents or owns. Perhaps nowhere else will be found more unique and artistic architectural designs for private residences than along some of the fashionable residential thoroughfares of Toronto. Delightful glimpses of lawn, flowers and shrubbery are exceedingly common around the homes of the better classes, and even the poorer people often boast their little strip of lawn or modest flowergarden.

Many of the stores are large and commodious, and in some of them. which are conducted on similar lines

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