Cardinals, Princes, Dukes, Lords, Empreffes, Queens, Princeffes, Dutcheffes, Counteffes, and perfons of all ranks, than ever were cured by all the Boerhaaves, Sloans, St. Ives', Petits, Chefeldens, Sharps, and all other eye-doctors that ever lived. But this is not the whole. Our Hero is likewise the greatest beau, the gayeft gallant, the brightest wit, the most accomplished gentleman: in brief, no words but his own can exprefs his merits, recount his fucceffes, or enumerate the honours and rich rewards he received in every nation, at every court, and every university in Europe. To his own pen, therefore, we leave the pleafing tafk; to him, at least, a most delightful one: and fhall conclude with honestly cautioning our readers, notwithstanding the exalted ideas they may by this time have conceived of the doctor, not to depend too much on the ample profeffions in his title-page and advertisements, fetting forth, that this work contains all moft worthy the attention of a traveller.' For, in truth, we have been able to difcover nothing in it peculiarly worthy a traveller's notice; the whole being only a ftring of puffs to recommend himself to the public; interspersed with a number of ill-told anecdotes of what happened to his highness to his excellency certain great perfons at the court of ; all within the circle of our Doctor's perfonal acquaintance; and every word as true as the gofpel. And at the beginning or end of every tale, we are folemnly affured that it is a molt excellent story; although it appears to us, that had not the doctor been a much better oculift than he is a story-teller, he would never have collected money enough to pay the tolls, during his fcampering progress through every turnpike in Europe.With refpect to the forty-five different treatifes, mentioned by this wonderful writer, as written by himself, in almost every European language, the Author will no doubt join with us in lamenting, that we live in an age of fcepticifm and infidelity, wherein facts delivered to us upon authorities fuperior even to the doctor's, have been called in question: and therefore he will not be furprized if, when he is boasting of his skill in the Latin, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, High-Dutch, Danish, Swedish, and Ruffian languages, his unbelieving readers or auditors should only exprefs their admiration with a Credat Judæus Apella!-Non ego.

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It is, however, the Chevalier's misfortune not to be able to produce all thefe valuable teftimonials, having (as he affures us, and who can deny it) been robbed by a Benatti, in his paffage from Naples to Rome, of all his riches, exceeding in value thirty thous fand Roman crowns.

REV. Feb. 1762.

The Scripture Doctrine of Remiffion. Which fheweth that the Death of Chrift is no proper Sacrifice nor Satisfaction for Sin, but that Pardon is difpenfed folely on account of Repentance, or a perfonal Reformation of the Sinner. 8vo. I s. 6d. Grif fiths, Henderfon, &c.

HE Author of this ingenious piece makes a bold attack

Tupon the Doctrine of Atonement, which is looked upon,

by many, to be the fundamental principle, the very life and foul. of Chriftianity. How far he has fucceeded in his attack, we fhall not take upon us to determine, but fhall lay before our Readers the fubftance of what he has advanced.

The Old Teftament, we are told, almoft in every chapter, represents the Pardon of Sin as difpenfed folely on account of men's perfonal Virtue, a penitent, upright heart, and a reformed, exemplary life, without the leaft regard to the fufferings or merit of any Being whatever. The language of the Old Teftament Worthies, upon all occafions, even when they addrefs themfelves to the Deity, fhews, that they expected pardon and favour folely on account of their integrity, either maintained through life, or recovered by fincere repentance. Our Author urges a variety of texts of Scripture in fupport of this doctrine, and obferves, that when the legal facrifices are declared by the prophets, to be infufficient to procure the favour of God, there is never any other more perfect facrifice mentioned in oppofition to them; as we might reafonably expect, if they really had referred to any fuch more perfect facrifice, and fuch an one had been neceffary. On the contrary, perfonal holinefs only is all that is ever opposed to them, as of more value with God.

The wifeft of the Jews in our Saviour's time, it is likewife faid, talk exactly in the fame ftrain, and in the prefence of our Lord himself; who is fo far from difapproving it, or attempting to fet them right in the matter, that he gives his own fanction to the fentiment.-As often as he speaks of the peceffity of his death, it is never as a facrifice or propitiation for Sin, but only that the Scriptures fhould be fulfilled, which foretold that he fhould fuffer. In the difcourfe to his difciples before his death, recorded by St. John, he takes great pains to reconcile them to his departure from them, and to convince them of the expediency of it for themselves; but all the reafon he gives for it, is, that otherwise the Comforter would not come to them. He drops not a hint of the neceffity of his death for the Expiation of Sin, though that

would

would have fuggefted to them a very fatisfactory and intelligible reafon for his death.

If he had not chofen, for reafons that we cannot comprehend, to deliver himself in plain terms concerning the great doctrine of Atonement, he might have done it as obfcurely as he had pleased by way of parable, as he did in many other cafes; and yet, in thofe parables in which he gives a representation of his death and fufferings, we find no fuch view of it. .1

If it be urged, that the apprehenfion of fome farther fatiffaction being made to divine juftice than Repentance and Reformation is neceffary to allay the fears of fincere penitents, our Author anfwers, that all men naturally apprehend the Deity to be propitious, and that none of the human race, if left to their own natural, unperverted apprehenfions of things, will ever fall into fuch doubts and uncertainties, as all mankind are fometimes reprefented to be fo deplorably and helplesly involved in.

If it be urged, in favour of the doctrine of Atonement, that the scheme is abfolutely neceffary in the moral Government of God, becaufe, upon different principles, no fatisfaction is made to his offended Juftice, he answers, that Justice in the Deity can be no other than a modification of goodnefs, the object and end of which is, the fupreme Happiness of his creatures and fubjects. This happiness, being of a moral nature, must be chiefly promoted by fuch a conftitution of moral government, as fhall afford the most effectual motives to induce men to regulate their lives well. Every degree of feverity, therefore, that is fo circumftanced as not to have this tendency, viz. to promote Repentance and the practice of Virtue, must be rejected by the benevolent principle of the Moral Government of God, as difagreeable even to Divine Juftice, if it has the fame end as the Divine Goodnefs.

The influence, which the doctrine of Atonement is maintained to have upon Practice, has been ftrongly urged in its favour. Now all the advantages of this opinion, our Author fays, are acknowleged, by its advocates, to be derived from this, viz. that it raises men's apprehenfions of the Divine Juftice, and of the evil and demerit of Sin; fentiments of powerful efficacy in promoting Repentance and Reformation. Admitting this, it is obvious to remark, we are told, that, in proportion as any opinion raises our idea of the juftice or fe

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verity

verity of God, it muft fink our ideas of the Divine Mercy: and fince a due fenfe of the Mercy and Compaffion of God, is, to fay the leaft, as powerful an inducement to Repentance, and as efficacious a motive to a Holy Life, (efpecially with ingenuous minds) as the apprehenfion of his Juftice; what the doctrine of Atonement gains on the one hand, it lofes on the other and fo all this boafted advantage entirely vanishes.

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Befide, the severity, which is fuppofed necessary to be shewn, God's part, in order to the forgiveness of Sin, is so circumstanced as entirely to lofe its effect. For if it be intended to work upon men, the men themfelves fhould feel it. It will be the fame to the bulk of mankind, whether the Divine Being animadverts upon the vices that are repented of or not, if the offenders themfelves 'know that they fhall never feel the effects of fuch animadverfion.

But if we give up the doctrine of Atonement, what must be our notions of Chriftianity? If Chrift did not die to make Satisfaction for Sin, for what end did he die ? Inftead of making a direct reply to thefe and fuch like queries, our Author, by way of conclufion, gives a concife view of the scheme of Salvation by Jefus Chrift, without the Doctrine of Atonement for Sin.All that even Infinite Wisdom, Goodness, and Power could contrive and execute, in order to recover man to a sense of Religion and Virtue, due regard being had to his nature, may be reduced, "we are told, to the following particulars; firft, to inftruct us in the whole extent of our duty; fecondly, to engage us to the Performance of it, by the promife of fuitable and fufficient Rewards, and to deter us from difobedience by the fear of punishment; thirdly, to fet before us proper Examples of Virtue; and, lastly, to give us the most fatisfactory affurance of the pardon of our paft Sins upon our Repentance and Reformation, and of the certain acceptance of our fincere, though imperfect, endeavours to do our duty.Now all this has been done for us, we are told, in the ampleft manner.

If it be afked, what neceffity there was for the death of Chrift upon this fcheme, our Author replies, That by his death he proved his Divine Miffion in the moft illuftrious manner that can be conceived; evidenced the benevolence of his heart, the greatnefs of his foul, the vast importance of the work he undertook, and how much his heart was in it: and encouraged all who fhould afterwards embrace his religion, to lay down their lives with courage and chearfulness, in the caufe of truth and integrity.

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A New Syftem of Geography: In which is given a general Account of the Situation and Limits, the Manners, Hiftory, and Conflitution, of the feveral Kingdoms and States in the known World; and a very particular Defcription of their Subdivifions and Dependancies; their Cities and Towns, Forts, Sea-Ports, Produce, Manufactures and Commerce. By A. F. Bufching, D. D. Profeffor of Philofophy in the University of Gottingen, and Member of the Learned Society at Duisburg. Carefully tranflated from the laft Edition of the German Original. luftrated with thirty-fix Maps, accurately projected on a new Plan. Quarto. Six Volumes. 51. 5s. bound Millar.

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S the utility of Geography is univerfally acknowleged, we shall not detain our readers with pointing out the various advantages that arife from the study of it, but pro ceed, directly to lay before them a general view of the plan and defign of the truly valuable work now before us and this we shall do in the Author's own words,

My defign,' fays he, is to give an accurate and useful defcription of the earth as far as it is known, from the beft helps that could be procured on the fubject. For this end, I was under the indifpenfable neceffity of fetting about the work, as if no fyftem of Geography had been extant before. I am very fenfible that there are many treatifes of that nature published: however, I could not implicitly depend upon, nor fafely copy after any of them; but was obliged carefully to examine every particular, and to have recourfe to the first and best sources. My predeceffors in ← this science, indeed, generally copy from each other; and <fuch as have not copied from other fyftems of Geography, have used fuch helps as are univerfally known, and open to every one's perufal, if we except fome few particulars, And it is evident, they either had not, or could not have recourfe to the best fources; or, which has generally been • the cafe, did not use them with a proper degree of care and impartiality. Hence a perfon who has the least skill in Geography, or knowlege of the terraqueous globe, has reafon to complain, that the systems of Geography hitherto Thefe were my published are of very little fervice.

' motives for not blindly following my predeceffors who have * written on this fubject; on the contrary, I had recourse to the fame originals from which they derived their materials, and likewife to other fources which they could not have • Now, accefs to; or if they had, which they made no use of.

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