rect communication was secured between the French armies of Germany and Italy. For these services he was rewarded with the rank of general of division, the functions of which he had long performed. In 1804 he was employed in Dalmatia, and

duke Charles; and rose, at length, to the rank of lieutenant general, and became, in 1807, governor of the two Galicias. Napoleon was so struck with his fidelity to the cause of the French princes, that he offered to reinstate him in all his rights, if he would become one of his adhe-made himself master of the mouths rents; but he declined, and his territory was then incorproated with that of Wirtemberg. On the restoration of Louis XVIII, both broth- pern. He was at the head of the ers were created lieutenant generals || French troops in Holland, when the in the French army, and in the pres-revolution broke out in 1813, and ent invasion of Spain, one of them has been appointed commander of the third corps.

MOLITOR.

LIEUTENANT GENERAL MOLITOR was born at Hayange in Lorraine, in 1772, entered into the military service at the breaking out of the revolution, and was rapidly promoted. He obtained the rank of adjutant general in 1793, and in that capacity he served in the campaigns of the army of the Rhine and Moselle, and received several severe wounds. In 1799 he was made a brigadier general, and was employed in Switzerland, under Massena, in which country he established his reputation. Being charged with the defence of the valley of Glaris, through which Suwarrow wished to penetrate, Molitor, though attacked on all sides by superior Austrian and Russian forces, maintained his ground for six days; six times recovered the bridge of Naefels, and at length compelled the Russian general to seek for a passage in another direction. He pursued him, and twice defeated his rear guard. For this exploit he was thanked by Massena, in a highly complimentary let

ter.

He rejoined the army of the Rhine, contributed greatly to the victory of Moeskirch, and forced the Austrian lines at Goetziz, Rankwill, and Altenstat, by which means a di

of the Cattaro. In the campaign of 1809 he bore a conspicuous part, particularly at the battle of Gross As

with his small force he made strenuous, but unsuccessful efforts to stop the progress of the allies. By the king he was honoured with various orders, and appointed inspector general of infantry; yet Molitor nevertheless accepted, during the hundred days, a peerage, the command of the fifth division of the national guards, and the governorship of the imperial palace of Strasburgh. On the restoration of Louis, Molitor remained a long while unemployed, but on the commencement of the present war against Spain, he was appointed commander of the second corps of the army invading that country.

MONCEY.

MARSHAL MONCEY, DUKE OF CORNEGLIANNO, was born at Besancon on the thirty first of July, 1734. His father was an advocate of the parliment of that city. His studies were not yet finished when he enrolled himself a private in the regiment of Conti. His family obtained his release, but he speedily enlisted in the regiment of Champagne, in which he served in the grenadier company till 1773, when he bought his discharge, returned to Besancon, and applied himself to the study of the law. In 1774 he entered the corps of gendarmerie, and in 1778 took his first rank as second lieutenant of dragoons, in the volunteers of Nassau Liegen. In 1793 he command

ed that corps in the army of the Pyr-ed minister of state, knight of St.

Louis, and peer of France, and con-
tinued to exercise the functions of
inspector general of the gendarme-
rie. On the approach of Napoleon
from Elba, he addressed to this corps
an order of the day, in which he in-
vited them to remain faithful to their
engagements to the king. But on
the arrival of the emperor at Paris,
he was made a peer of France, and
in consequence of that nomination,
he lost the title on the return of Lou
is to the throne. Having afterwards
declined presiding at the council of
war appointed to try marshal Ney,
he was deprived of his military rank,
and sent prisoner, for three months,
to the castle of Ham. On this oc-
casion, he addressed his celebrated
memorial to the king, justifying his
political conduct, and declaring, that
let him be deprived of what titles
he might, he should never surrend-
er his honour. He was afterwards,
however, restored to his former rank,
and has recently been appointed
commander of the left wing, or fourth
corps, of the army destined for the
invasion of Spain. It is a singular
fact, that marshal Moncey is now
engaged in combatting for the cause
of despotism, on the same spot,
where, precisely thirty years ago, he
so gloriously fought for the liberties
of France, against the mercenaries
of Spain!

renees. In April 1794, he was raised to the rank of general of brigade, and in the May following, to that of general of division. He served with distinction the whole of that war with Spain; was appointed, in 1795, commander in chief of the army of the Eastern Pyrrenees, and signed the subsequent peace between France and Spain. After the overthrow of the directory, general Moncey was appointed, by the first consul, to the command of a military division at Lyons, where his conduct was worthy of praise for its moderation and wisdom. In the campaign of Italy he commanded 20,000 men, and greatly distinguished himself. After the peace of Luneville, general Moncey was appointed to the command of the departments of the Oglio, and of the Adda; and in 1801 was named inspector general of the gendarmerie. He was made marshal of France in 1804, and grand officer of the legion of honour. In Napoleon's war with Spain, he maintained his reputation. He served in the campaigns of 1812 and 1813, and in 1814 was appointed second in command of the Parisian national guard; and when Napoleon took his departure for the army, pledged himself to watch, with new zeal, over the interests of the empire, and the safety of Paris. This brave officer was faithful to his word. At the attack of the allies on Paris, he displayed a presence of mind, and firmness, which added new honours to his name. He finally assembled, in the Champs Elysees, the wrecks of the troops of the line, who were left without commanders, and the next day marched at their head out of Paris. On the tenth of April he received, at Fontainbleau, the adhesion of the gendarmerie to the new government, and repaired the follow-In 1784, he entered into the regiing day to Paris, and gave his own adhesion to all the acts of the same government. After the arrival of the king, marshal Moncey was nam

OUDINOT.

MARSHAL OUDINOT, DUKE OF REGGIO, was born at Bar-sur-Ornain, the twenty fifth of April, 1767, and was originally intended for a mercantile occupation, but scarcely had attained his sixteenth year, when an irresistible inclination prompted him to embrace the profession of arms.

ment of Medoc, but quitted the service in 1787, in compliance with the entreaties of an aged father. Returning to Bar, he remained there

joined the army of the Rhine and Moselle, and at Neckerau was attacked in the night, when the darkness was such that he could not distinguish his own men. Here, disabled by five sabre wounds, he was taken prisoner, and detained for a few months in Germany. On rejoining the army, he was engaged in a number of actions, and at Ingoldstadt, received several severe

till the commencement of the revo- || lution, when he early gave specimens of that cool intrepidity, and love of order, which have ever been his distinguishing qualities. In 1789, tumultuous assemblages in this, as well as other parts of the kingdom, excited apprehensions as to the security of persons and property; whereupon young Oudinot collected a company of his friends, put himself at their head, attacked the disorder-wounds. He retired to Ulm for a ly, and delivered them into the hands few days only, and soon after, with of justice. On the declaration of his arm in a scarf, at the head of a war against Austria, he was made regiment of hussars and two of drachief of one of the batalions of the goons, he took a whole battalion volunteers of La Meuse, and in that prisoners. In the army of the Dacapacity, distinguished himself in nube, among other splendid exploits, defending the castle of Bitche, in he made himself master of Con1792. In the pursuit of the Prus- stance, defended by the Austrians sians for three leagues, he took 700 and the corps of Conde. As a genprisoners, whence he was surnamed eral of division, he contributed maThe brave, and advanced to the col- terially to the victory of Zurich, onelcy of the regiment of Picardy. | where he was wounded by a ball in On joining his regiment, he found the breast. He served in Italy, as most of the officers inclined to emi-head of the staff, under Massena. grate. Having notice of this, he invited them to a conference, and there frankly avowing his own sentiments, he prevailed on them to remain with him, excepting two or three near relations of his predecessor in the command. In 1794, he was attacked near Morlauter, by a body of 10,000 men, which separated him from the rest of the army. With his own regiment alone, he contended against six regiments of horse; and when surrounded, and summoned to surrender, he formed a square, and with the bayonet, made good his retreat. On their return to camp, "Oudinot," was given as the rallying word, and the conduct of the regiment of Picardy was 'particularly mentioned in the general orders. In consequence of this action, he was promoted to the rank of general of brigade. In the same campaign, he got possession of the city of Treves, by a bold manoevre, and remained in the command of that place for some time. He then

During the siege of Genoa, he passed twice through the whole British fleet, in a slight skiff, as the bearer of a communication from his commander to general Suchet, and succeeded in the enterprise to the great astonishment of all the spectators. Under the consular government, he distinguished himself on the banks of the Mincio, and received a sabre of honour. On the elevation of Napoleon to the sovereignty, Oudinot was placed at the head of a division of grenadiers, and signalized himself at Austerlitz, and all the preceding battles. At Friedland, he withstood for many hours the attack of 80,000 Russians, against his single division; and at Wagram, his merit was so conspicuous that he was made a marshal of the empire, and created duke of Reggio. He afterwards commanded at Amsterdam, and then as governor of Berlin. In the disastrous Russian campaign, he was at the head of the second corps; and, on one occasion, saved himself from

capture by the most desperate bravery. He continued to support the falling fortunes of the emperor up to the period of his abdication; but declined serving him after his return from Elba. He accordingly retained the confidence of the king on his restoration, and was then declared commander in chief of the national

guard of Paris, a peer of France,

and a minister of state.

religious, political, or moral; and recent experience has proved to a demonstration, to all candid masons who have duly examined the subject, that notwithstanding it is out of the power of men and devils united, even with the great Alexander at their head, to destroy our institution; yet, even the purity of the principles of freemasonry is not so invulnerable as to prevent the introduction of local prejudices, which have for a while, almost, if not entirely, sus

In the present unhallowed war upon the liberties of the Spanish nation, marshal Oudinot has consented to tarnish the lustre of his military services by the acceptance of an important command; and is at the head of the first corps, now march-in a large portion of our country. ing on Madrid.

Masonic.

GENERAL GRAND LODGE OF THE

UNITED STATES.

pended the usefulness of the order,

Masons, at all times, and in all countries, should have such regulations among themselves, as to be enabled to adjust any misunderstanding, or matter of difference, that might unhappily take place, without resorting to the civil law, or allowing in the least degree, any of their affairs to become subjects of public discussion. To this end, a general grand lodge in the United States, or if it included the whole territory of North America, perhaps it would be better, is absolutely ne

We are highly gratified to see the subject of a general grand lodge again in agitation; and we confidently hope, for the honour of our ancient order, and for the general good of community, that each grand lodge in the United States will deliberately weigh the great impor-cessary. All good masons, who wish tance of the subject, and appoint suitable delegates to meet in convention, agreeably to the request of the most worshipful and highly respectable grand lodge of the District of Columbia, and that measures may be concerted, whereby the great body of masons in this country may no longer be left, like a "trunk without a head," and destitute of any place of appeal, on necessary occasions. Subordination is indispensably necessary, for the harmony, and good government of all societies, either

to preserve inviolable the ancient landmarks, will readily acknowledge, that such a body is as requisite for the good order and usefulness of the fraternity, as is the congress of the United States, for the preservation of the political institutions of our country, and the rights of its citizens; or as superior courts of justice are to the equitable administration of the laws of any country. Almost innumerable arguments might be of fered in its favour; but we consider those contained in the following

1

brief, and well written report of the committee appointed by the grand lodge of the District of Columbia, abundantly sufficient to convince every reflecting brother of the utility of the measure proposed; and we not only recommend it to the attentive consideration of the members of the several grand lodges of our country, but to the serious attention of the different subordinate lodges, and of every individual belonging to the fraternity, into whose hands the Masonic Register may fall.

FROM THE MASONIC CASKET. GRAND LODGE OF THE DISTRICT

OF COLUMBIA.

H. RICHARDS, DANIEL KURTZ, and
JOHN DAVIDSON, be appointed a
committee, pursuant to the first
resolution.

Attest, WILLIAM LAMBERT,
Grand Secretary.

REPORT.

In execution of the preceding resolutions, the committee, appointed for that purpose, would respectfully solicit the renewed attention of the grand lodges in the United States to the expediency of a general grand lodge. In presenting this request, we will not forbear the expression of our hope, that it will be received by the grand lodges in the spirit by which it is prompted, and with their accustomed liberality and candour.

It is not the intention of the committee to enter into an eulogium on At a semi-annual communication masonry. Its principles are too well of the grand lodge of the District of understood, and too highly respectColumbia, held at their room, ined by those enlightened bodies

the City of Washington, on Tuesday, the 6th of May, A. L. 5823, A. D. 1823.

On the report of the committee of Correspondence,

Resolved, That a Committee be appointed to draft and transmit an address to the respective grand lodges of the United States, inviting their renewed attention to the subject of a general grand lodge of the United States, and requesting them to appoint delegates to meet in convention at the city of Washington, on the third Wednesday of February next, with authority to adopt such measures as may be deemed most expedient for the accomplishment of this object.

whom we have the honour to address, to render such a task either necessary or proper. With a common love of the institution, with a common ambition for its character, and a common interest in its prosperity, we proceed, therefore, to the discharge of our appropriate duty.

From the antiquity of our order, its universality, the character and number of its members, its purity and beneficence of principle, and the extent of its influence, the mason justly prides himself in its existence; and the philanthropist contemplates, with joy, its capabilities of good. If such be its attributes; if its prescribed duty and peculiar province be to relieve distress, to reform vice, to enResolved, That such grand lodges lighten ignorance, strengthen the ties as shall approve of this object, and of friendship, and bind the family of take measures for the accomplish- mankind together in bonds of love; ment thereof, be respectfully re-in a word, to extend the dominion quested to transmit a copy of such of virtue, and the sphere of happiproceedings to the secretary of thisness; why, the sceptic and the grand lodge.

Ordered, That brothers SAMUEL BURCH, AMOS ALEXANDER, GEORGE

cavilist will inquire, are not these effects produced? We answer, that they are; that the progress of ma