A History of science v. 4, Том 4Harper, 1904 |
Често срещани думи и фрази
acid anatomy animal anthrax appear artery Assyrian atomic weights atoms attention blood body brain called carbon cause cell theory cell wall centres century cerebrum chemical chemistry chemists clew color combustion compound Darwin demonstrated developed digestion discovered discovery disease doctrine elements Erasmus Darwin existence experiments fact famous fermentation flask fluid function gastric juice germs heat hence hitherto Hunter hydrogen idea important inoculated inscription known Lamarck later leaf leaves lungs matter medicine medulla medulla oblongata ment method microbe microscope mind minute molecule muscles muscular nature nervous nitrous oxide nucleus observations organism original oxygen Pasteur phlogiston phlogiston theory physician physiology plants Priestley produced protoplasm proved respiration Rosetta Stone Schleiden Schwann scientific seemed similar soon spinal structure studies substance supposed surface temperature Theodor Schwann theory tion tissues transmutation of species vegetable virulence virus weights WILLIAM T. G. MORTON
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Страница 202 - As nitrous oxide in its extensive operation appears capable of destroying physical pain, it may probably be used with advantage during surgical operations in which no great effusion of blood takes place...
Страница 104 - Every organized individual forms an entire system of its own, all the parts of which naturally correspond, and concur to produce a certain, definite purpose, by reciprocal reaction, or by combining towards the same end. Hence none of these separate parts can change their forms without a corresponding change in the other parts of the same animal, and consequently each of these parts, taken separately, indicates all the other parts to which it has belonged.
Страница 104 - Thus, if the viscera of an animal are so organized as only to be fitted for the digestion of recent flesh, it is also requisite that the jaws should be so constructed as to fit them for devouring prey; the claws must be constructed for seizing and tearing it in pieces; the teeth for cutting and dividing its flesh; the entire system of the limbs or organs of motion for pursuing and overtaking it; and the organs of sense for discovering it at a distance.
Страница 202 - I walked round the room, perfectly regardless of what was said to me. As I recovered my former state of mind, I felt an inclination to communicate the discoveries I had made during the experiment. I endeavoured to recall the ideas : they were feeble and indistinct...
Страница 184 - The animals become indisposed, and the secretion of milk is much lessened. Inflamed spots now begin to appear on different parts of the hands of the domestics employed in milking, and sometimes on the wrists, which quickly run on to suppuration, first assuming the appearance of the small vesications produced by a burn. Most commonly they appear about the joints of the fingers and at their extremities ; but whatever parts are affected, if the situation will admit, these superficial suppurations put...
Страница 184 - Grease, and not paying due attention to cleanliness, incautiously bears his part in milking the Cows, with some particles of the infectious matter adhering to his fingers. When this is the case, it commonly happens that a disease is communicated to the Cows, and from the Cows to the Dairy-maids, which spreads through the farm until most of the cattle and domestics feel its unpleasant consequences. This disease has obtained the name of the Cow-pox.
Страница 106 - ... a claw, a shoulderblade, a condyle, a leg or arm bone, or any other bone, separately considered, enables us to discover the description of teeth to which they have belonged ; and so also reciprocally we may determine the forms of the other bones from the teeth. Thus, commencing our investigation by a careful survey of any one bone by itself, a person who is sufficiently master of the laws of organic structure, may, as it were, reconstruct the whole animal to which that bone had belonged.
Страница 6 - The difficulty we find of keeping flame and fire alive, though but for a little time, without air, makes me sometimes prone to suspect, that there may be dispersed through the rest of the atmosphere some odd substance, either of a solar, or astral, or some other exotic nature, on whose account the air is so necessary to the subsistence of flame...
Страница 16 - The cock was then shut, and the included air fired by electricity, by which means almost all of it lost its elasticity. The cock was then again opened, so as to let in more of the same air, to supply the place of that destroyed by the explosion, which was again fired, and the operation continued till almost the whole of the mixture was let into the globe and exploded. By this means, though the globe held not more than the sixth part of the mixture, almost the whole of it was exploded therein, without...
Страница 160 - During the voyage of the Beagle I had been deeply impressed by discovering in the pampean formation great fossil animals covered with armor like that on the existing armadillos...