handum, prout ad missas illas speciales horis captatis intendere poterint celebrandas. 17. Per hoc autom intentionis mee non existit, ipsorum scolarium capellanorum aliquem ultra possibilitatem suam congruam, super hujusmodi missarum celebrationibus faciendis, onerare, quo minus lectionibus, disputationibus in scolis, sive studio valeant vacare competenter; et hec eadem ipsorum conscientiis duxi relinquenda. Psalmos vero penitentiales cum psalmis quindecim, scilicet Ad Dominum cum tribularer, et aliis usualibus: et litania, placebo, et dirige, et animarum commendationem, dicant secundum usum Sarum, conjunctim vel separatim, horis quibus vacare potcrint competentibus, suarum periculo animarum. 18. In omnibus vero et singulis missis celebrandis, tenentur dicti capellani scolares orare, pro statu universalis Ecclesie, et pace et tranquillitate regni, et pro salute dicti domini regis, domine Isabelle regine, domini Edwardi dicti regis primogeniti, et aliorum ipsius regis liberorum, et prefati domini episcopi Elyensis, prioris et conventus ejusdem loci, Mea, magistri Rogeri Butetourte, Dere de Waddyngle et omnium parentum amicorum, et benefactorum meorum: et ipsorum cum ab hoc seculo migraverint, animabus, et omnium regum Anglie animabus necnon specialiter pro animabus dominorum Radulphi de Walpol et Roberti de Oreford quondam episcoporum Elyensium; Johannis de Northwolde quondam abbatis de sancto Edmundo; Johannis de Berwisco, Henrici de Guldeford, Johannis de Vivon, Ade de Ikelyngham, Galfridi de Kyngeston, Johannis de Ely, Parentum et benefactorum meorum et omnium fidelium defunctorum. 19. De cameris vero in manso habitationis predicte dictis scolaribus assignandis, habeat magister cameram principalem, et quo ad alias cameras preferantur seniores. 20. Item habeant dicti magister et scolares communem cistam, pro cartis, scriptis, et hujus modi rebus suis custodiendis, cum tribus serruris et clavibus; quarum unam clavem custodiat magister dicte domus, et aliam clavem unus capellanorum, et tertiam clavem alius capellanus, per magistrum et scolares ad custodiam illam deputandi. 21. Cedente vero aut decedente magistro dicte domus, alius magister ydoncus, providus, et circumspectus, in ordine sacerdotali constitutus, saltem qui in arte rexerit dialectica, per socios ejusdem doraus sen najorem et seniorem partem eorundem secundum numerum, de seipsis aut aliis, eligatur; et hujus modi electio cancellario universitatis Cantebrig: notificetur, simpliciter, approbanda, sed non examinanda Nee per hoc habeat cancellarius dicte universitatis potestatem sive juris dictionem dictam electionem quassandi, seu de statu dicte domus aliqualiter ordinandi, seu aliquem in societatem dicte domus ponendi, contra formam ordinationis mee supradicte. 22. Quod si forsan scholares dicte domus, cedente vel decedente magistro ejusdem, alium magistrum ad regimen dicte domus, infra duos menses a tempore cessionis aut decessus magistri, eligere neglexerint: tunc statim post lapsum illorum duorum mensium, dominus episcopes Elyensis, qui pro tempore fuerit, magistrum preficiat et deputet ad regimen antedictum; et hujus modi profectio magistri, facta per predictum dominum episcopum, cancellario notificetur, modo supers annotato, salva semper dictis scolaribus electione libera magistrum eligendi, in singulis aliis vacationibus, per mortem aut cessionem magistri sui, contingentibus in futurum. § 23. Cum autem aliquis scolaris, sivo presbiter sive alius, in sacris tamen ordinibus constitutus, ad societatem dicte domnus sit recipiendus; statim in admissione sua hujus modi recente, coram magistro [re] presidente dicto domus, et sociis, jurabit, inspectis sive tactis sacrosanctis evangeliis, quod predictas ordinationes et statuta, ut prodicitur, toto posse suo fideliter observabit, quatenus absque nota perjurii, juxta conscientie sue serenationem, ea tenere poterit et observare. 24. Ceterum liceat mihi, omnibus diebus vite race, predictis erinationibus addere et casdem minuere, mutare, declarare, et interpretari prout et quando, secundum Deum, michi placuerit et videbitur expedire. 25. In quorum testimonium presentibus sigillum meum appost, testibus domino Ffultone Priore de Bernwelle, Roberto Dunnag majore Cantebrig: Eudone de Impringham, magistro Henrio de Trappelme Johanne Morris, Roberto de Cumberton, Petro de Bermingham, Adam de Bungeye, Willelmo de Heywarde, Roberto de Brinte, Kerzald- de Trumpeton, Bartholomeo Morris, Johanne Pilat, et alia. Datum apud Canteb. die Iovis proxima ante festum Sancti Michaelis Archang-I anno Domini millesimo trecentissimo vicesimo quarto, et regni dumni regis Edwardi filii regis Edwardi decimo octavo. (E), p. 358. Legere ordinarie, extraordinarie, cursoria. The following passages contain the different views to which I have referred in the text A distinction is made in the statutes of all universities between those who read ordinarie et cursorie, though it is not very easy to discover in what the precise difference consisted: it is probable de ever that whilst cursory lectures were confined to the reading of the simple text of the author, with the customary glosses upon it, the ordinary lectures included such additional comments on the text i the knowledge and researches of the reader enabled him to semin The ordinary lectures would thus appear to have required hgom cualifications than the cursory lectures,—a view of their character which is confirmed by a statute of the university of Paris, ordering that "Nullus magister qui leget ORDINARIE lectiones suas debet fire CURSORIE." Peacock, Observations, App. A, pp. xliv, alv. 'What these cursory lectures were we can only conjecture; probably they were more what we should call lectures, while the ordinary lectures were actual lessons: in the cursory lecture the master was the sole performer, in the ordinary the scholar was heard his lesson.' Anstey, Introd. to Munimenta Academica, p. lxix. 'Les leçons étaient distinguées en ordinaires et extraordinaires. Les leçons ordinaires étaient ainsi appelées parce que la matière, la forme, le jour, l'heure et le lieu étaient déterminés par la Faculté et par la Nation. Ces leçons ne pouvaient être faites que par les Maitres, L'objet, la forme, le jour, l'heure et le lieu des leçons extraordinaires étaient laissés dans de certaines limites au libre arbitre de chacun. Elles pouvaient être faites soit par des maîtres, soit par des bacheliers! Thurot, De l'Organisation de l'Enseignement, etc. p. 65. M. Thurot then quotes in a note the phrases lectiones cursoria, legere ad cursum, lectio cursoria, legere cursorie; cursory lectures being, he supposes, nearly identical with extraordinary lectures,—the view which I have adopted in the text. In support of this view, and also to shew that the original use of the terms ordinary and cursory had no reference to any special mode of lecturing, I would offer the following considerations: 1) The meaning I have assigned to these terms harmonises with the etymology; but if ordinarie be supposed to have reference to a peculiar method of lecturing, what sense is to be assigned to tho expression extraordinarie? (2) In the few early college statutes that relate to college lectures, no such distinction is recognised: yet some of these statutes specify not only the subjects but the authors to be treated. On the other hand, the view indicated by M. Thurot,—that the cursory lecture was an extra lecture, given in most instances by a bachelor, whose own course of study was still incomplete, and upon a subject which formed part of that course,-derives considerable support from the following facts:-(a) Cursory readers had, in some instancy, their course of reading assigned to them by the reader in ordinary. Thus in statute 100 (Documents, 1 365, 366), De cursorie legentibus 1.. jure canonico, we find the cursory reader required to swear se lecturum per duos terminos infra bieanium in lectura sibi assignanda per ordinarie legentem. That is, according to Mr Anstey's theory, the lecturer engaged upon the more elementary part of the instru. tion determined what should be read by the lecturer who taught the more advanced pupils! (3) Those incepting either in medicine, in civil or canon law, or in divinity, are required to have previously lectured cursorily in their respective subjects before admission to the degrees of D.M., D.C.L., J.U.D., or D.D. (see statutes 119, 120, 122, 124, Documents 1 375-377); but to have lectured ordinarily is never made a prorequisite: for before a lecturer could be deputed to deliver an ordinary lecture, he must have passed through the whole course of the faculty ho represented. (7) Among other statutes of our own university we find the following: Item nullus hace daureus in artibus aliquem textum publice legat ante anni suæ determinationis completum. (Statute 142, Documents 1 385). This statute is entitled De artistis curvorie legra tibus; if therefore the title be taken in conjunction with the statute, it is difficult not to infer that lecturing by bachelors was what was usually understood by cursory lectures; an inference which derives confirm tion from the following statute among those which Mr Anstey has so ably edited: 'Item, ordinatum est, quod quilibet Magister legcus ordinarie metaphysicam, eam legat per terminum anni et majorem partem ad minus alterius termini immediate sequentis, nec cesset a lectura ta dence illam rite compleverit, nisi in casu quo fidem fecerit coram Cancellario et Procuratoribus, quod non poterit commode et absque damas dictam continuare lecturam, in quo casu, facta fide, cessare peterit licenter, dum tamen Magister alius regens fuerit continuaturus et on pleturus lecturam: quod si Magister alius tunc in ea non legerit, pu licenter per Bachilarium aliquem compleri quod dimittitur de lectura, et valebit pro forma in casu præmisso cursoria lectura, non obstante ordinatione priore.' Munimenta Academica, p. 423. It remains to examine the evidence for Mr. Anstey's theory contained in the fi Sw ng statute, on which he lays considerable stress: Cum statutum fuerit ab antiquo quod Magistri tenentes scholas grammaticales positive wie mationi Scholarium suorum, ex debito juramenti vel fidei proste, summopere intendere debeant et vacare, quidam tamen eorum lata et cupiditati inhiantes ac propria salutis immemores, prædicto stat ta contempto, lectiones cursorias, quas vocant audientiam abusive, in d'etrinae Scholarium suorum evidens detrimentum legere præsuta) MOTETË, propter quod Cancellarius, utilitati corundem Scholarium et prae pre juniorum volens prospicere, ut tenetur, dictam audientiam, quum De tantum frivolam sed damnosam profectui dictorum juniorum repetat, suspendendo statuit quod, quicumque scholas grammaticales d merga tenere voluerit, sub pœna privationis a regimine scholarum, ac sub perna incarcerationis ad libitum Cancellarii subeund.r, ab hujusmodi ketaa cursoria desistant, ita quod nec in scholis suis, nec alibi in Universitate hujusmodi cursus legant, nee legi faciant per quoscunque, sed a omnibus prætermis-is, instructioni positivæ Scholarium saurum mten dant diligentius et insudent. Alii vero a Magistris scholas tenent bas qui idonei fuerint reputati, in locis di-tantibus a scholis illis, mis erint, hujusmodi cursus legant, prout antiquitus fieri comuni (Munimenta Academica, pp. 86, 87.) This statute is referred to bẹ Mr Anstey as one forbidding cursory lectures except under at restrictions. The most remarkable part of the statute is,' he ai that it complains that teachers led by hope of gain in-lu'ged the scholars with cursory lectures, so that it would really seem that i not uncommon for the boys to bribe the master to excuse them the parsing!' (Introd. p. xix) The whole of this criticism, so far 20 applies to the question before us, falls to the ground, if we observe Llak it is not cursory lectures that are the subject of animadversi ns, but a certain mode of delivering them: this appears to be beyond doubt if we carefully note the expressions italicized: and finally the title of the statute, Quomodo legi debent lectiones cursoriæ in scholis grammaticalibus, evidently signifies that cursory lecturers in grammar are to observe a certain method, not that cursory lectures are to be discontinued. In fact, in another statute, which seems to have escaped Mr Anstey's notice, it is expressly require that cursory lectures in grammar shall be given. (Mun. Acad. 438-9.) |