become a professor there, 534;
his oration compared with that of
Melanchthon De Studiis Corrigen-
dis, 537; his second oration, 539;
elected public orator, ib.; ingrati-
tude of, to Fisher, 615; activity
of, in Italy, in gaining opinions
favorable to the divorce, ib.
Crome, Dr. Walter, an early bene-
factor to the university library,

323

Cromwell, Tho., elected chancellor of
the university, 629; and visitor, ib.;
commissioners of, at Oxford, ib.
Croucher, John, perhaps the founder
of the university library, 323
Crusades, the, early and later chroni.
clers of, compared, 43; the second,
its influence on Europe, 58; two.
fold utility of, 87; Guibert on the
object for which they were per-
mitted, 88; various influences of,
ib.; productive of increased in.
tercourse between Christians and
Saracens, 91; probably tended to
increase the suspicions of the
Church with respect to Saracenic
literature, 97

Cursory lectures, meaning of the
term, 358 and Append. (E)

D

D'Ailly, Pierre, bp. of Cambray, edu.

cated at the college of Navarre, 128
Damian, Peter, hostile to pagan
learning, 18

Damlet, Hugh, master of Pembroke,

opposed to Reginald Pecock, 295
Danes, first invasion of the, fatal to
learning in England, 9 and 81;
second invasion of, 81; losses in.
flicted by, 82

Daneus, observation of, that Aris
totle is never named by Peter
Lombard, 94

Danish College at Paris, its founda.
tion attributed by Crevier to the
twelfth century, 126
Dante, tribute paid by, to memory
of Gratian, 36

D'Ailly, M., on the formation of
the university of Bologna, 73; the
universities of Bologna and Paris
compared by, 76, n. 1
D.C.L., former requirements for de.
gree of, 361

D.D. and B.D., requirements for de-
grees of, in the Middle Ages, 363;
the degree formerly genuine in
character, 365

De Burgh, Eliz., foundress of Clare
Hall, 250; death of a brother d
enables her to undertake the de-
sign, ib. n. 1

De Causis, the, a Neo-Platonie tres
tise, 114; attributed to Aristie,
ib. n. 1; considered by Jonntas
to have been not less popular than
the Pseudo-Dionysins, ; the
work described by Neander, th
Decretals, the false, 34; criticed by
Milman, ib. n. 1

Degrees, origin of, conjecture of
Conringius respecting, 77; pral
original significance of, 7 of
gations involved in proceed.-z sa,
ib.; number of those who proceed
ed to, in law or they
than might be suppose£ 363
De læretico Comburendo, stailie of

259

De Interpretatione of Arista t'e, aằng
with the Categories the oey

tion of his logie studied prat
the 12th century, 29

Determine, to, meaning of the tem
explained, 354; by proxy, t
Dialectics, include both kee
me tay hy-ies in Martianas, 25
Dice, playint nt, forbabies to the
fellows of Peterhouse, 213

Diet of students in mela vai imes,
867

Dionysius, the Psendo- „Celest a' Hum

archy of, 41; translated by ♬ an
Scotus Erigena, 42; character
and influence of the treaM, ER I
Abelard questions the story of hum
apostleship in Gaul, 54; charte
acceptance of, as canonical, 199
supplanted the Bible in the N.
Ages, ib. n. 2; Grogyn mn
turing on, discovers ita real -.
ter, ib.; the work deserved be
Milman, ib.; Erasmus's ne
of Groeyn's discovery, 511, n i
Dispensations from caths, PÄRINE
Against, in statutes of (5+ m[ ►
Collore, 455; and in sta! 1 • ef
St. John's, 456, questi a ma- !**
dean lenecek in connet, a
ib.; their original purport. 407
Disputations in parčiaus, 273,
why so termed, 18.
Divorce, the royal, 612:

with reference to, an lauf
the universition, 613;
really involved, 614, fallacy of
expedient, ib.; decision of Com
bridge on, 620; criticismus on, LES

Doctor, origin of the degree of, 73;
its catholicity dependent on the
pleasure of the pope, 78
Doket, Andrew, first president of
Queens' College, his character,

817

Dominicans, the, institution of the
order of, 89; open two schools of
theology at Paris, 107; their dis-
comfiture at the condemnation of
the teaching of Aquinas, 122; their
house on the present site of Em-
inanuel, 139; their rivalry with
the Franciscans described by Mat-
thew Paris, 148; establish them-
selves at Dunstable, 150; activity
of, at Paris, 262
Donatus, an authority in the Middle
Ages, 22

Dorbellus, a commentator on Petrus
Hispanus, 566, n. 3

Dress, extravagance of students in,
232; clerical, required to be worn
by the scholars of Peterhouse, 233;
a distinctive kind of, always worn
by the university student, 348;
often worn by those not entitled
to wear it, ib.

Drogo, sustains the tradition of Al-
cuin's teaching at Paris, 70; his
pupils, ib.

Dryden, John, resemblance in his
Religio Laici to Thomas Aquinas,
112, n. 2; his scholastic learning
underrated by Macaulay, ib.
Duns Scotus, his commentary on the
Sentences, 62; a teache' at Mer.
ton College, 169; difliculties that
preclude any account of his career,
172; his wondrous fecundity, 173,
n. 2; task imposed upon him by
the appearance of the Byzantine
logic, 178; Byzantine element in
the logic of, 180; exaggerated im
portance ascribed to logic by, 183;
limited the application of logic to
theology, 181; compared with Ro-
ger Bacon, 185; long duration of
his influence, 186; great edition of
his works, ib.; fate of his writings
at Oxford, 622; study of them
forbidden at Cambridge, 630
Dunstan, St., reviver of the Benedic
tine order in England, 81
Durandus, his commentary on the
Sentences, 62

Durbam College, Oxford, founded by
monks of Durham, 203
Durham, William of, his foundation
of University College, 160, n. 1

E

Eadgar, king, numerous monasteries
founded in England during the.
reign of, 81; unfavorable to the
secular clergy, 161
Eadward the Confessor, prosperity
of the Benedictines under, 82
Edward II, letter of, to pope John
XXII, respecting Paris and Oxford,
213, n. 1; maintained 32 king's
scholars at the university, 252;
properly to be regarded as the
founder of King's Hall, 253, n. 1
Edward 11, commands the Oxford
students at Stamford to return to
the university, 135, n. 1; repre
sented by Gray as the founder of
King's Hall, 253; builds a mansion
for the scholars of King's Hall,
ib.; confiscates the estates of the
alien priories, 301

Eginhard, letter to, from bishop
Lupus, 20

Egypt, called by Martianus, Asic
caput, 26

Elenchi Sophistici of Aristotle never
quoted prior to the 12th century,

29

Ely, origin of the name, 336 and

n. 3

Ely, archdeacons of, claims of juris-
diction in Cambridge asserted by,
225; nominated the master of glo.
mery, ib.

Ely, bishop of, exemption from his
jurisdiction first obtained by the
university, 116; this exemption
disputed by some bishops, ib.'; him
jurisdiction in the university alter.
intely asserted and unclaimed,
287; maintained by Arundel, ib.;
abolished by the Barnwell Processt,
28; blow given to the authority
of, by the Barnwell Process, 290,
n. 2

Ely, scholars of, the fellows of Peter-
house originally so termed, 231
Empson, minister of Henry vii, high-
steward of the university in 1506,
419

Emser, testimony of, to fame of
Richard Croke at Dresden, 528
End of the world, anticipations of,
45; influence of this idea upon the
age, 46

England, state of learning in, in 15th
century, 297, 298

Greek, how distinguished, ib.; phi.
losophy of, not known to the
schoolmen before the thirteenth
century, 94; never mentioned in
the Sentences, ib.; all the extant
works of, known to Europe through
Latin versions before the year 1272,
ib.; writings of, on natural science
first known through versions from
the Arabic, 95; ccmmparative accu-
racy of the versions from the Latin
and those from the Arabic, ib.; nu.
merous preceding versions through
which the latter were derived, ib.;
the New, difficulties of the Church
with respect to, 97; varied charac-
ter of its contents, ib.; scientific
treatises of, condemned at Paris,
ib.; and again in 1215 and 1231,
98; Dominican interpretation of,
a notable phenomenon in the thir-
teenth century, 108; psychology
of, 115; translations from the
Greek text of, 125; Nova Transla.
tio of, 126; Ethics of, newly trans-
lated under the direction of Grosse-
teste, 154; worthlessness of the
older versions of, ib.; the New, first
effects of on the value attached to
logie, 179; works of, studied at
Prague and Leipsic in the fifteenth
century, 282, n. 2; anthority of,
attacked by Petrarch, 3×6
Arithmetic, treatment of the subject
by Martianus, 26; treatise on, by
Tunstal, 592; the study of, reconi-
mended by Melanchthon, ib. n. 1
Argyropulos, John, 405; improve
ments of on the interpretation of
Aristotle, ib.; declared Ciccro had
no true knowledge of Aristotle,
406; translations of, from the
Greek, ib.; admitted excellence of
these, 407; lecture of, attended by
Reuchlin, 407

Arnobius, an objector to pagan learn.
ing, 16

Arts course of study, when intro-
duced at Cambridge, 342
Arts, faculty of, the first instituted
at Paris, 77

Arts student, course of study pur
sued by the, 315; his average age
at entry, 316; his relations to his
'tuter,' ib.; aids afforded him by
the university, 317; aids afforded to
by public charity, ib.; his pro pects
on the completion of his courie,362
Artler, Tho, a convert of Balroy,
562; migrates from Trinity Hal
to St. John's, ib.; appointed mas.

ter of St. Mary's Hostel, 163;
summons of, before the chapter Må
Westminster, 605; articles agains,
606; recantation of, ib.
Arundel, archby., his visitation at
Cambridge, 2:8; commisson
pointed by, ib.; his character, 21
n. 1; constitutions of, 272.
bp. of Ely assertel his, aris`et
over the university, 254; Fer
comments on his visit, 21.
Ascham, Scholen aster of, quoted, 53,
n. 3; testimony of, to exus 76-
sulting from inscriminate ad-
mission of pensioners, €24
Ashton, Hugli, ezember to the event-
ess of Richmen for erg ne
foundation of St.John's Co24
Astronomy, treatment of the KALOS
of, by Martianus, 26

Augustine, St., founder of the de
matic theology of the Latin (me
3; theory cou'aïnel in "Le Im
ritate Dei of, 4; junct are at wi
the treatise was cot, posed, ! ►
gations of John Sgst, 41
fluence of up n An-im, 49.
spirit revived in Ar« 'ta, 65 tra
lations of Aristet - 13. L
tingui-lel from 12.

period, 93; Pist the ten, se
an element in the lit railro
Aquinas attempted to recor
113; little valved by many of the
Humanists, 4sk; regi eilyl
net as a shi-matae, 475, t
of the infance of, th.
Augustiri.n canus, I
Barnwell, 13). h »pital of, S.

at Cambrile 223

Au mstinian frurs, tier hose nest
the old Botarie Gard

chara ter of as a luxlv, 7+ 4 ***
of their four latin at C***
ib. n. 3; ergo sed the t
grammar at Ox5r1, 763.
time taught gra' it m
church of, at Camiz. e, t
cluded in the ejser; al ju
tion, th

Aul 1× Gelling, I urns of Ferramen
tends to forwOP, NOIVO
class lecturer at C. C, C
or lored ly kp, Fox to ke an
621, n. 2

Auvergne, Wil' vn cf, en la mat
of a series of propul unti
De Cm is br, 114

Averrous, fr. carins his e patmu
men with Aast-fe, 21; eine
ignorant of Greck, 27, click O

given to the psychological theory
of Aristotle by, 116; his theory of
the Unity of the Intellect, ib.; the
first to develope the psychology of
Aristotle into a heresy, 117; criti-
cised by Aquinas, ib.; followed by
Alexander Hales, ib.; influence
exercised by, over the Franciscans,
118; differs from Aristotle in re-
garding form as the individualising
principle, 120; his writings rare
in the Cambridge libraries of the
fifteenth century, 326
Avignon, university of, formed on
the model of Bologna, 74
Avignon, subserviency of the popes

at, to French interests, 194; effects
of the papal residence at, ib.; in-
fluence of the popes at, on the uni-
versity of Paris, 215

B

Bachelor, term of, did not originally
imply admission to a degree, 352;
meaning of the term as explained
by M. Thurot, ib. n. 3.
Bachelors of arts, position of, in re-
spect to college discipline, 369
Bacon, Roger, his testimony with
respect to the condemnation of the
Arabian commentaries on Aristotle
at Paris, 98; repudiates the theory
that theological truth can be op
posed to scientific truth, 114, n. 2;
student at the university of Paris,
134; his testimony to the rapid
degeneracy of the Mendicants,
152; his opinion of the early trans-
lations of Aristotle, 151; his em-
barrassment when using them at
lecture, ib.; his account of some
of the translators, 155; his career
contrasted with that of Albertus
and Aquinas, 156; unique value of
his writings, ib.; his Opus Majus,
Opus Minus, and Opus Tertium,
157; his different treatises dis-
tinguished, ib. n. 1; importance
attached by him to linguistic
knowledge, 158; and to mathe-
matics, ib.; probably not a lcc-
turer at Merton College, 159, n. 4;
his philosophic insight rendered
less marvellous by recent investi-
gations of Arabic scholars, 170;
his account of the evils resulting
from excessive study of the civil
law, 209

Baker, Tho., his observations on the
estates lost by St. John's College,

469

Balliol College, Oxford, a portion of
Richard of Bury's library trans-
ferred to, 203, n. 2; Wyclif master
of, 264; his efforts on behalf of the
secular clergy at, ib.
Balsham, the village of, formerly a
manor seat of the bishops of Ely,
221, n. 3

Balsham, Hugh, bp. of Ely, his elec
tion to the see, 223; his struggle
with Adam de Marisco, 224; a Bene-
dictine prior, ib.; an eminently
practical man, 225; his merits as
an administrator, ib.; his decision
between the archdeacon and the
university, ib.; confirms the sta
tute requiring scholars to enter
under a master, 226; introduces
secular scholars into the hospital
of St. John, 227; failure of his
scheme, ib.; his bequests, 228, n. 2
Barnes, Robt., prior of the Augus
tinians at Cambridge, 564; sent
when young to study at Louvain,
565; returns to Cambridge with
Paynell, 566; lectures on the La
tin classics and St. Paul's Epistles,
ib.; disputes with Stafford in the
divinity schools, 568; presided at
the meetings at the White Horse,
573; his sermon at St. Edward's
Church, 575; is accused to the
vice-chancellor, 576; is confronted
privately with his accusers in the
schools, ib.; refuses to sign a re-
vocation, 578; is arrested and exam-
ined before Wolsey in London, ib.;
is tried before six bishops at West-
minster, ib.; signs a recantation,
ib.; his narrative of the con-
clusion, ib.; disclaims being a
Lutheran, 580; is imprisoned at
Northampton, ib.; escapes to Ger-
many, ib.

Barker, John, the sophister of
King's,' 425

Barnet, bp. of Ely, omits to take the

oaths of the chancellors of the uni-
versity, 287, n. 2

Barnwell, priory at, a house of the

Augustinian canons, 139

Barnwell, the prior of, appointed by
pope Martin v to adjudicate upon
the claims of the university in the
Barnwell Process, 289; fight be
tween and the mayor of Cam-
bridge, 374

Barnwell Process, the, terminates
the controversy concerning juris.
diction between the bishop of Fly
and the university, 146; bull for,

issued by pope Martin ▼, 288; real
character of, 290 and n. 2
Basel, council of, new theory of papal
power established by the, 281
Basing, John, assists Grosseteste in
translating the Testaments of the
Twelve Patriarchs, 110; the disco.
verer of the manuscript at Athens,ib.
Bartolus, a writer on jurisprudence
attacked by Vulla, 419
Bateman, Wm., bp. of Norwich and
founder of Trinity Fall, 240; his
character, 241; his funeral at
Avignon, ib. n. 1; his design in
the foundation of Trin. Hall, 242;
account of library presented by, to
Trin. Hall, 243; assistance given
by, to Gonville Hall, 214; alters
the name of the Hall, 245
Bayeux, Collége de, in Paris, a
foundation of the fourteenth cen-
tury, 128; designed for the study
of medicine and of the civil law, ib.
Beaufort, cardinal, bequeathed £1000
to King's College, 310; his attain.
ments as a canonist, ib.; his Ul
tramontanism, ib. n. 1

Bec, monastery at, catalogue of its
library, 101; lands taken from to
found King's College, 305; lands
of, purchased by William of Wyke-
ham, ib. n. 3

Becon, Tho., his testimony to the
value of Stafford's lectures, 567
Bede, the Venerable, his writings the
text-books of subsequent ages, 9;
a reputed doctor of divinity of the
university of Cambridge, 66; state
of learning in England subsequent
to the time of, 81
Bedell, special, attendant on the

master of glomery, 226, n. 1
Bedells, originally attended the
schools of different faculties, 144
Bedford Level, the, 330

Begging, a common practice with
students in the middle ages, 317;
restrictions imposed on the prac.
tice by the university authorities,
348

Benedictine era, the, 2

Benedict, St., monastery of, on Monte
Cassino, 5

Benedictines, the, culture of, 3;
schools of, 13; destruction of the
monasteries of in the tenth cen-
tury, 81; rapid extension of the
order of, under Cnut and Edward
the Confessor, 82; different prin-
eipal foundations of, ib.: growing
laxity of discipline among, 85;

motives to which the formating
of new branches of the order is
attributable, b. and n. 3; degene-
racy of the whole order, $5
Benet College, Corpus Christi Col-
lege formerly so called, 213, n. 4
Benet's St., bells of, used in the

13th century to convene un:VETELY
meetings, 291, n. 3

Berengar, view of, respecting the
Lord's Supper, 46; his controveTST
with Lanfranc, 47; his mental
characteristics compared

those of Lafrane, 4×; his m>
mission to the Lateran Conj, JA
Bernard, St., of Chartres, el arastat
of the school over which he pre-
sided, 57

Bernard, St., of Clairvant, em
plains of excessive devoti a ef

clergy to the civil law, 39; A
of at the progress of er quary,
Bessarion, cardinal, 443; L.s patr
tic real, ib., Lis ef rts to bang
about a union of the two chambe
ib.; his conversion to the western
Church, 404; his example prodao.
tive of little resïît, ab.
Beverley, town of, Fisher bern at, 423
Bible, the, lecturers not a mod to
lecture on, tatil tler had a tized
on the Sentences, and a 2
Biblici ord van anderer 13
Bid Hus, an officer in the ulveny
of Bolema, 73

Bilney, Thos., testiment of to

influence of Era-mise? «t
556; his eccentric character, in
his account of his stinti on
periences, th; his claracter.
Latimer, 52; converts ef, a
his influence as a Nort
563; summoned before the ph
at Westraunster, 605;
second tire, 607; penarie
Paul's Cross, ib.; retaris bu
bridge, f

Bishops, list of, in 10, when Esc
been educated at Cambri ie,
Blackstone, Sir R., iparentney at t
account of the early stay of
civil law, 209

Boethius, a text-back dmng

Middle Ages, 21; the ales
the De Concisti me of, p
in imitation of Martian me,
services to leering, 14. k..
tise compared with that ef
tranus, is ta

Commentario, of, on the f
Cicero used by Gerbert at hi