or, ratherest, unconfirmed fashion,—to insert again my haud credo for a deer.

Dull. I said, the deer was not a haud credo; 'twas a pricket.

Hol. Twice sod simplicity, bis coctus!—O thou monster ignorance, how deformed dost thou look!

Nath. Sir, he hath never fed of the dainties that are bred in a book; he hath not eat paper, as it were; he hath not drunk ink: his intellect is not replenished; he is only an animal, only sensible in the duller parts; And such barren plants are set before us, that we thankful should be

(Which we of taste and feeling are) for those parts that do fructify in us more than he.5

For as it would ill become me to be vain, indiscreet, or

a fool,

So, were there a patch set on learning, to see him in a school:

5 And such barren plants are set before us, that we thankful should be (Which we of taste and feeling are) for those parts that do fructify in us more than he.] The length of these lines was no novelty on the English stage. The Moralities afford scenes of the like measure. Johnson.

This stubborn piece of nonsense, as somebody has called it, wants only a particle, I think, to make it sense. I would read: And such barren plants are set before us, that we thankful should be, (Which we of taste and feeling are) for those parts, that fructify in us more than he.

Which in this passage has the force of as, according to an idiom of our language, not uncommon, though not strictly grammatical. What follows is still more irregular; for I am afraid our poet, for the sake of his rhyme, has put he for him, or rather in him. If he had been writing prose, he would have expressed his meaning, I believe, more clearly thus-that do fructify in us more than in him. Tyrwhitt.

The old copies read-" which we taste and feeling" &c. I have placed Mr. Tyrwhitt's emendation in the text. Steevens. Mr. Tyrwhitt's last observation is fully supported by a subsequent passage:

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66

- and then we,

Following the signs, woo'd but the sign of she." Malone. 6 For as it would ill become me to be vain, indiscreet, or a fool, So, were there a patch set on learning, to see him in a school:] The meaning is, to be in a school would, as ill become a patch, or low fellow, as folly would become me. Johnson.

But, omne bene, say I; being of an old father's mind, Many can brook the weather, that love not the wind.

Dull. You two are book-men: Can you tell by your wit, What was a month old at Cain's birth, that's not five weeks old as yet?

Hol. Dictynna,7 good man Dull; Dictynna, good man Dull.

Dull. What is Dictynna?

Nath. A title to Phoebe, to Luna, to the moon.

Hol. The moon was a month old, when Adam was no

more;

And raught not to five weeks, when he came to five

score.

The allusion holds in the exchange.9

Dull. 'Tis true indeed; the collusion holds in the exchange.

Hol. God comfort thy capacity! I say, the allusion holds in the exchange.

Dull. And I say, the pollusion holds in the exchange; for the moon is never but a month old: and I say beside, that 'twas a pricket that the princess kill'd.

Hol. Sir Nathaniel, will you hear an extemporal epitaph on the death of the deer? and, to humour the ignorant, I have1 call'd the deer the princess kill'd, a pricket. Nath. Perge, good master Holofernes, perge; so it shall please you to abrogate scurrility.

7 Dictynna,] Old copies-Dictisima. Corrected by Mr. Rowe. Malone. Shakspeare might have found this uncommon title for Diana, in the second Book of Golding's translation of Ovid's Metamorphoses:

"Dictynna garded with her traine, and proud of killing deere." It occurs also in the first satire of Marston, 1598, and in the 9th Thebaid of Statius, 632. Steevens.

And raught not—] i. e. reach'd not. So, in The Arraignment of Paris, 1584:

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-the fatal fruit

'Raught from the golden tree of Proserpine." Steevens.

9 The allusion holds in the exchange.] i. e. the riddle is as good when I use the name of Adam, as when I use the name of Čain. Warburton.

1 -I have-] These words were inserted by Mr. Rowe.

Malone.

Hol. I will something affect the letter;2 for it argues facility.

The praiseful princess5 pierc'd and prick'd a pretty pleasing pricket;

Some say, a sore; but not a sore, till now made sore

with shooting.

The dogs did yell; put l to sore, then sorel jumps from thicket;

Or pricket, sore, or else sorel; the people fall a hooting. If sore be sore, then L to sore makes fifty sores; O sore L!4 Of one sore I an hundred make, by adding but one more L. Nath. A rare talent!

Dull. If a talent be a claw,5 look how he claws him with a talent."

2

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- affect the letter;] That is, I will practice alliteration. M. Mason.

To affect is thus used by Ben Jonson in his Discoveries: Spenser in affecting the ancients, writ no language; yet I' would have him read for his matter, but as Virgi Iread Ennius." Steevens.

The praiseful princess-] This emendation was made by the editor of the second folio. The quarto 1598, and folio 1623, read corruptly-prayful. Malone.

The ridicule designed in this passage may not be unhappily illustrated by the alliteration in the following lines of Ulpian Fulwell, in his Commemoration of Queen Anne Bullayne, which makes part of a collection called The Flower of Fame, printed, 1575: "Whose princely praise hath pearst the pricke, "And price of endless fame," &c. Steevens.

4 O sore L!] The old copies read-O sorell. The necessary change was made by Dr. Warburton. The allusion (as he observes) is to L, being the numeral for fifty.

This correction (says Mr. Malone) is confirmed by the rhyme : "A deer (he adds) during his third year is called a sorell.” Steevens.

5 If a talent be a claw, &c.] In our author's time the talon of a bird was frequently written talent. Hence the quibble here, and in Twelfth-Night: "-let them use their talents." So, in The First Part of the Contention between the Houses of York and Lancaster, 1600: "Are you the kite, Beaufort? where's your talents ?" Again, in Marlowe's Tamberlaine, 1590:

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and now doth ghastly death

"With greedy tallents gripe my bleeding heart."

Malone.

6 claws him with a talent.] Honest Dull quibbles. One of the senses of to claw, is to flatter. So, in Much Ado about Nothing: "-laugh when I am merry, and claw no man in his hu

mour."

Steevens.

Hol. This is a gift that I have, simple, simple; a foolish extravagant spirit, full of forms, figures, shapes, objects, ideas, apprehensions, motions, revolutions: these are begot in the ventricle of memory, nourished in the womb of pia mater; and deliver'd upon the mellowing of occasion: But the gift is good in those in whom it is acute, and I am thankful for it.

Nath. Sir, I praise the Lord for you; and so may my parishioners; for their sons are well tutor❜d by you, and their daughters profit very greatly under you: you are a good member of the commonwealth.

7

Hol. Mehercle, if their sons be ingenious, they shall want no instruction: if their daughters be capable, I will put it to them: But, vir sapit, qui pauca loquitur: a soul feminine saluteth us.

Enter JAQUENETTA and COSTARD.

Jaq. God give you good morrow, master person. Hol. Master person,-quasi pers-on. And if one should be pierced, which is the one?

Cost. Marry, master schoolmaster, he that is likest to a hogshead.

Hol. Of piercing a hogshead! a good lustre of conceit

7- if their daughters be capable, &c.] Of this double entendre, despicable as it is, Mr. Pope and his coadjutors availed themselves, in their unsuccessful comedy called Three Hours after Marriage. Steevens.

Capable is used equivocally. One of its senses was reasonable; endowed with a ready capacity to learn. So, in King Richard III: "O'tis a parlous boy,

"Bold, quick, ingenious, forward, capable."

The other wants no explanation. Malone.

8 quasi pers-on.] So, in Holinshed, p. 953:

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Jerom was vicar of Stepnie, and Garrard was person of Honielane." Again, in The Contention betwyxte Churchyeard and Camell, 1560: "And send such whens home to our person or vicar."

I believe, however, we should write the word-pers one.-The same play on the word pierce is put into the mouth of Falstaff. Steevens.

The words one and on were, I believe, pronounced nearly alike, at least in some counties, in our author's time; the quibble, therefore, that Mr. Steevens has noted, may have been intended as the text now stands. In the same style afterwards Moth says: Offer'd by a child to an old man, which is wit-old."

Person, as Sir William Blackstone observes in his Commentaries, is the original and proper term; Persona ecclesiæ. Malone.

in a turf of earth; fire enough for a flint, pearl enough for a swine: 'tis pretty; it is well.

Jaq. Good master parson, be so good as read me this letter; it was given me by Costard, and sent me from Don Armatho: I beseech you, read it.

Hol. Fauste, precor gelida quando pecus omne sub umbrâ Ruminat, and so forth. Ah, good old Mantuan! I may speak of thee as the traveller doth of Venice: -Vinegia, Vinegia,

Chi non te vede, ei non te pregia.1

9 Hol. Fauste, precor gelidâ —] Though all the editions concur to give this speech to Sir Nathaniel, yet, as Dr. Thirlby ingeniously observed to me, it is evident it must belong to Holofernes. The Curate is employed in reading the letter to himself; and while he is doing so, that the stage may not stand still, Holofernes either pulls out a book, or, repeating some verse by heart from Mantuanus, comments upon the character of that poet. Baptista Spagnolus (sirnamed Mantuanus, from the place of his birth) was a writer of poems, who flourished towards the latter end of the 15th century. Theobald.

Fauste precor gelidá &c.] A note of La Monnoye's on these very words in Les Contes des Periers, Nov. 42, will explain the humour of the quotation, and show how well Shakspeare sustained the character of his pedant.-Il designe le Carme Baptiste Mantuan, dont au commencement du 16 siecle on lisoit publiquement à Paris les Poesies; si celebres alors, que, comme dit plaisamment Farnabe, dans sa preface sur Martial, les Pedans ne faisoient nulle difficulté de preferer à le Arma virumque cano, le Fauste precor gelida; c'esta-dire, à l'Eneide de Virgil les Eclogues de Mantuan, la premiere desquelles commence par, Fauste, precor gelidâ. Warburton.

The Eclogues of Mantuanus the Carmelite were translated before the time of Shakspeare, and the Latin printed on the opposite side of the page, for the use of schools. In the year 1594 they were also versified by Turberville. Steevens.

From a passage in Nashe's Apologie of Pierce Penniless, 1593, the Eclogues of Mantuanus appear to have been a school-book in our author's time: "With the first and second leafe he plaies very prettilie, and, in ordinarie terms of extenuating, verdits Pierce Pennilesse for a grammar-school wit; saies, his margine is as deeply learned as Fauste precor gelida." A translation of Mantuanus by George Turberville was printed in 8vo. in 1567.

1 Vinegia, Vinegia,

Malone.

Chi non te vede, ei non te pregia.] Our author is applying the praises of Mantuanus to a common proverbial sentence, said of Venice. Venegia, Venegia! qui non te vedi, ei non te pregia. O Venice, Venice, he who has never seen thee, has thee not in esteem. Theobald.