BALA-GHAUT.

Above the Ghauts, in contradistinction to Payeen Ghaut, below the Ghauts. The terms are generally applied to the high table-land in the centre of India, towards its southern extremity.

BANYAN. A Hindu merchant, or shopkeeper. The term Banyan is used in Bengal to denote the native who manages the money-concerns of the European, and sometimes serves him as an interpreter. At Madras, the same description of persons is called Dubash, which signifies one who can speak two languages.

BATTA.

ance.

Deficiency, discount, allowAllowance to troops in the

field. BAZAR. Daily market, or market place. BEGA. A land measure equal, in Bengal, to about the third part of an acre. BEGUM. A lady, princess, woman of high rank.

BICE, VAISYA. A man of the third Hindu cast, who by birth is a trader, or husbandman.

BRAHMEN, BRAHMIN, BRAHMAN, BRAMIN. A divine, a priest; the first Hindu cast.

BRINJARRIE, BINJARY, BENJARY, BANJARY. A grain merchant.

BUNGALOW. The name used in Bengal. for a species of country-house, erected by Europeans.

van.

CALY YUG, CALYOOGUM. The present or fourth age of the world, according to the chronology of the Hindus. CASTE, CAST. A tribe, or class of people. CARAVAN-SERAI. The serai of the caraSee Serai and Choultry. CAWZI, CAZI, Kazy. A Mahomedan judge, or justice, who also officiates as a public notary, in attesting deeds, by affixing his seal. The same as the officer we name Cadi, in Turkey. CAUZY-UL-CAZAUT. Judge of judges; the chief judge, or justice.

CHANDALA. One of the names for the most degraded Hindu caste. CHOKY, CHOKEE. A chair, seat ; guard, watch. The station of a guard or watchman. A place where an officer is stationed to receive tolls aud customs.

CHOULTRY.

A covered public building,

for the accommodation of passengers. CHOUT. A fourth: a fourth part of sums litigated. Mahratta chout; a fourth

of the revenues, exacted as tribute by the Mahrattas. CHOBDAR. Staff-bearer. An attendant

on a man of rank. He waits with a long staff, plated with silver, announces the approach of visitors, and runs before his master, proclaiming aloud his titles. CHUNAM. Lime.

CIRCAR. Head of affairs; the state or government; a grand division of a province; a head man; a name used by Europeans in Bengal, to denote the Hindu writer and accountant, employed by themselves, or in the public offices. See Sircar.

COLLURIES, COLEREES. Saltworks, the places where salt is made. COOLIES, COOLY. Porter, labourer. Coss. A term used by Europeans, to denote a road-measure of about two miles, but differing in different parts of India.

CRORE. Ten millions.

CSHATRIYA, KSHATRIYA, CHETTERIE, KHETERY. A man of the second or military caste.

CUTCHERRY. Court of justice; also the public office where the rents are paid, and other business respecting the revenue transacted.

CUTWAL, KATWAL. The chief officer of police in a large town or city, and superintendent of the markets."

DAR. Keeper, holder. This word is often joined with another, to denote the holder of a particular office or employment, as Chob-dar, staff-holder; Zemin-dar, land-holder. This compound word, with i, ee, y, added to it, denotes the office, as Zemindar-ee.

DAROGAH. A superintendent, or overseer; as of the police, the mint, &c. DAUM, DAM. A copper coin, the fortieth part of a rupee.

DECCAN. Literally, the south. A term employed by Mahomedan writers to denote the country between the rivers Nerbuddah and Crishna.

DECOITS. Gang-robbers. Decoity, gangrobbery

DEWAN, DUAN. Place of assembly. Na

tive minister of the revenue department; and chief justice, in civil causes, within his jurisdiction; receiver-general of a province. The term is also used, to designate the principal revenue servant under an European collector, and even of a Zemindar. By this title, the East India Company are

receivers-general of the revenues of
Bengal, under a grant from the Great
Mogul.
The office, or

DEWANNY, DUANNEE,
jurisdiction of a Dewan.
DEWANNY COURT OF ADAWLUT. A court
for trying revenue, and other civil

causes.

DOAB, DOOWAB. Any tract of country
included between two rivers.
DROOG. A fortified hill or rock.
DUBASH. See Banyan.

DURBAR. The court, the hall of audience; a levee.

FAQUEER, FAKIR. A poor man, mendicant, a religious beggar. FIRMAUN, PHIRMAUND. Order, mandate. An imperial decree, a royal grant, or charter. FOUJDAR, FOJEDAR, PHOUSDAR, FOGEDAR. Under the Mogul government, a magistrate of the police over a large district, who took cognizance of all criminal matters within his jurisdic-" tion, and sometimes was employed as receiver-general of the revenues. FOUJDARRY, FOJEDAREE. Office of a Foujdar.

FOUJDARRY COURT. A court for administering the criminal law.

KHALSA. Pure, unmixed. An office of government, in which the business of the revenue department is transacted: the exchequer. Khalsa lands, are lands, the revenue of which is paid into the exchequer.

KHAN, CAWN. A title, similar to that of Lord.

KHILAUT, KELAUT. A robe of honour,

with which princes confer dignity. KILLADAR, KELLADAR. Warder of a castle; commander of a fort. KIST. Stated payment, instalment of rent.

KUSHOON, CUSHOON. A body of military, corresponding nearest to our term brigade; varying from one to six or eight thousand.

LAC. One hundred thousand. LASCAR. Properly a camp-follower, but applied to native sailors and artillery

men.

MAAL, MAHL, MEHAL, MHAL. Places, Districts, departments. Places, or sources of revenue, particularly of a territorial nature; lands. MAHA. Great.

MOCURRERY. As applied to lands, it means lands to let on a fixed lease. MOFUSSIL. Separated, particularized; the subordinate divisions of a district, in contradistinction to Saddur, or Sudder, which implies the chief seat of go

vernment.

MOFUSSIL DEWANNY ADAWLUT. Provincial court of civil justice. MOLUNGEE. Manufacturer of salt. MOOFTY, MUFTEE. The Mahomedan law-officer who declares the sentence. MONSOON. The rainy season. The pe

riodical winds and rains. MOOLAVY, MOULAVEE. A learned and religious man, an interpreter of the Mahomedan law.

MOONSHEE. Letter-writer, secretary. Europeans give this title to the native who instructs them in the Persian language.

MOSQUE. A Mahomedan temple.
MUSNUD. The place of sitting: a seat;
a throne, or chair of state.
MUTSEDDEY, MUTSEDDEE
Intent upon.

Writer, accountant, secretary.

NAZIM. Composer, arranger, adjuster. The first officer of a province, and minister of the department of criminal justice.

NIZAM. Order, arrangement; an arranger.

NIZAM UL MULK. The administrator of the empire.

NIZAMUT. Arrangement, government; the office of the Nazim, or Nizam. NIZAMUT ADAWLUT. The court of criminal justice.

NULLA. Streamlet, water-course. NUZZER. A vow, an offering; a present made to a superior.

OMRAH. A lord, a grandee, under the Mogul government.

PAGODA. A temple; also the name of a gold coin, in the south of India, valued at eight shillings.

PALANKEEN. A litter in which gentlemen in India recline, and are carried on the shoulders of four men. PARIAR. A term used by Europeans in India to denote the outcasts of the Hindu tribes.

PATAN. A name applied to the Afghaun tribes.

e

PESHWA, PAISHWA Guide, leader. The prime minister of the Mahratta govern

ment. PEON. A footman, a foot soldier; an inferior officer or servant employed în the business of the revenue, police, or judicature. PERGUNNAH.

A small district, consist

ing of several villages. PESHCUSH. A present, particularly to government, in consideration of an appointment, or as an acknowledgment for any tenure. Tribute, fine, quitrent, advance on the stipulated reve

nues.

PETTAH. The suburbs of a fortified town.

POLLIGAR, POLYGAR. Head of a village district. Military chieftain in the Peninsula, similar to hill Zemindar in the northern circars.

POLLAM. A district held by a Polligar. POTAIL. The head man of a village.

The term corresponds with that of Mocuddim and Mundul in Bengal. POTTAH. A lease granted to the cultivators on the part of government, either written on paper, or engraved with a style on the leaf of the fan palmira

tree.

PUNDIT. A learned Brahmen. PURANA, POORAN. Literally ancient : the name given to such Hindu books as treat of creation in general, with the history of their gods and ancient heroes. PYKE, PAIK. A foot messenger. A person employed as a night-watch in a village, and as a runner or messenger on the business of the revenue.

RAJA. King, prince, chieftain, nobleman; a title in ancient times given to chiefs of the second or military Hindu tribe only.

RAJEPOOT. Literally, son of a king. The name of a warlike race of Hindus. RANA. A species of rajah. RANNY, RANEE. Queen, princess, wife of a rajah.

ROY ROYAN. A Hindu title given to the principal officer of the Khalsa, or chief treasurer of the exchequer.

RUPEE. The name of a silver coin; rated

in the Company's accounts, the current rupee at 2s.; the Bombay rupee at 28. 3d. RYOT. Peasant, subject; tenant of house or land.

SAYER. What moves; variable imposts, distinct from land rent or revenue;

consisting of customs, tolls, licences, duties on goods, also taxes on houses, shops, bazars, &c.

SEPOY. A native soldier.
SERLI. The same as Choultry.
SHASTER.

The instrument of government or instruction; any book of instruction, particularly containing divine ordinances.

SHROFF, SHROF. A banker, or moneychanger.

SIRCAR. A government; a man of business. SIRDAR. Chief, captain, head man. SOUCAR. A merchant, or banker; a money-lender.

SUBAH. A province such as Bengal. A grand division of a country, which is again divided into circars, chucklas, pergunnahs, and villages.

SUBAHDAR. The holder of the subah the governor or viceroy.

SUBAHDARY. The office and jurisdiction of a subahdar.

SUDDER. The breast; the fore-court of a house; the chief seat of government, contradistinguished from Mofussil, or interior of the country; the presidency. SUDDER DEWANNY ADAWLUT. The chief civil court of justice under the Company's governmeut, held at the presidency.

A Hindu of

SUDDER NIAAMUT ADAWLUT. The chief criminal court of justice, under the Company's government. SUDRA, SHUDRA. SOODER. the fourth, or lowest tribe. SUNNUD. A prop, or support; a patent charter, or written authority for holdeither land or office.

TALOOKDAR. A holder of a talook, which is a small portion of land; a petty landagent.

TANK. Pond, reservoir. TANNAHDAR. A petty police office. TEEP. A note of hand; a promissory note given by a native banker, or money-lender, to Zemindars and others, to enable them to furnish government with security for the payment of their rents.

TEHSILDAR. Who has charge of the

collections. A native collector of a district, acting under a European or Zemindar.

TOPASSES. Native black Christians, the remains of the ancient Portuguese. A grove of trees.

TOPE.
TUNCAW, TUNKHA.

An assignment on the revenue, for personal support, or other purposes.