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BOOK IV.
FROM THE ESTABLISHMENT, ON LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY, OF ONE EXCLUSIVE COM-
PANY, IN THE YEAR 1708, TILL THE CHANGE IN THE CONSTITUTION OF THE
COMPANY, BY THE ACT OF 13TH GEO. III., A°. 1773.
CHAPTER I.
The Constitution of the East India Company, its practical Arrangements for the
Conduct of Business, and Transactions till the Conclusion of the War with
France by the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle 1
CHAPTER II.
Origin, Progress, and Suspension, of the Contest for establishing Mahomed Ali
Nabob of Carnatic 52
CHAPTER III.
Suraja Dowla, Subahdar of Bengal—takes Calcutta—attacked by an Army from
Madras—dethroned—Meer Jaffier set up in his stead
CHAPTER IV.
Renewal of the War with the French in Carnatic.—Arrival of Lally.—French
Power superior to the English.—English Power superior to the French.—
Pondicherry taken—and the French driven out of Carnatic ..117
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Mr-
CHAF1ER V.
First Nabobship of Meer Jaffier—Expedition against the Northern Circars—The
Emperor's eldest Son, and Nabobs of Oude and Allahabad, invade Bengal—Clive
resigns the Government, and is succeeded by Mr. Vansittart—Jaffier dethroned,
and Meer Causimset up-—Disorders by the private Trade of Company's Servants—
War with Causim—He is dethroned, and Jaffier again set up—War with the
Nabob of Oude—Death of Jaffier—His Son made nominal Nabob—Courts of
Proprietors and Directors—Clive sent back to govern Bengal 159
CHAPTER VI.
Political State of Carnatic—Views of the Nabob on the Governor of Velore,
King of Tanjore and Marawars—Treaty with Tanjore—Company's Jaghire—
War on Mahomed Issoof—Mound of the Cavery 224-
CHAPTER VII.
Second Administration of Clive—Company's Orders respecting the Private Trade
disregarded—Arrangements with the Vizir—With the Emperor—Acquisition of
the Duannee—Private Trade created a Monopoly for the Benefit of the superior
Servants—Reduction of the Military Allowances—Its Effects—Clive resigns, and
Verelst succeeds—Proceedings in England relative to the Rate of Dividend on
Company's Stock—Financial Difficulties—Verelst resigns, and Carrier succeeds.. 23*
CHAPTER VIII.
The Subahdar of Deccan dethroned by his Brother—The English take Possession of
the Northern Circars—Make a Treaty with the Subahdar of Deccan—Which em-
broils them with Hyder Ali—History of Hyder Ali—Hyder's first War with the
English—New Treaty with the Subahdar—Peace with Hyder 268
CHAPTER IX.
Public Opinion in England, Proceedings in the India House, and in Parliament—
Plan of Supervisors—Plan of a King's Commissioner—Increase of pecuniary
Difficulties—Dividend raised—Company unable to meet their Obligations—Par-
liamentary Inquiry—Ministerial Relief—An Act, which changes the Constitution
of the Company—Tendency of the Change—Financial and Commercial State.... 286 BOOK V. FROM THE FIRST GREAT CHANGE IN THE CONSTITUTION OF THE EAST INDIA COM-
PANY AND IN THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, A°i 1773; TILL THE SECOND GREAT
CHANGE, BY THE ACT, COMMONLY CALLED MR. PITT'S ACT, A°. 1784. CHAPTER I. Administration of Hastings, till the Time when the Parliamentary Members of the
Council arrived and the Operations of the New Constitution commenced; including
—Arrangements for collecting the Revenue and administering Justice ostensibly as
Duan—Treatment of Mahomed Reza Khan and the Rajah Shitabroy—Elevation of
Munny Begum—Destruction of the Rohillas—Sale of Corah and Allahabad to
the Vizir—Payment refused of the Emperor's Revenue—Financial results , 307
CHAPTER II. Commencement of the New Government—Supreme Council divided into two Parties,
of which that of the Governor-General in the Minority—Presidency of Bombay
espouse the Cause of Ragoba, an ejected Peshwa—Supreme Council condemn this
Policy, and make Peace with his Opponents—Situation of Powers in the Upper
Country, Nabob of Oude, the Emperor, and Nujeef Khan—Pecuniary Corruption,
in which the Governor-General seemed to be implicated, in the Cases of the
Ranee of Burdwan, the Phousdar of Hoogly, and Munny Begum—Governor-Ge-
neral resists Inquiry—Nuncomar the great Accuser—He is prosecuted by Gover-
nor-General—Accused of Forgery, found Guilty, and hanged—Mahomed Reza
Khan, and the Office of Naib Subah restored 349
Deliberations on a new Plan, for collecting the Revenue, and administering Justice—
Death of Colonel Monson, and Recovery by Mr. Hastings of the governing Power
—Plan, by Mr. Hastings, for inquiring into the Sources of Revenue—The Taxes
levied by annual Settlements—Resignation of Hastings, tendered by an Agent,
whom he disowns—Transactions of Mr. Hastings, in the Cases of Mr. Middleton,
Mr. Fowlce, and Munny Begum—The Directors, ordering the Transactions to be
reversed, are disobeyed—Relations with the Mahrattas—A Detachment of the
Bengal Army sent across India to Surat—Expedition from Bombay against Poona —Unsuccessful—Fruitless Negotiation with the Mahrattas—Goddard's Campaign
against the Mahrattas—Connexion with the Kanna of Gohud—Mr. Francis fights
a Duel with Mr. Hastings, and returns to Europe 88S
In Carnatic, Relations between the English and Nabob—Plenipotentiary, with inde-
pendent Powers from the King—English courted by Hyder Ali and the Mahrattas,
and in Danger from both—Nabob and Plenipotentiary desire Alliance with the
Mahrattas—Presidency adhere to Neutrality—Relations with the King of Tanjore
—After Hesitation, War is made upon him—War upon the Marawars—A second
War upon Tanjore—Condemned by the Directors—Pigot sent out to restore the
Rajah—Opposition in the Madras Council—Pigot imprisoned—Sentiments and
Measures adopted in England—Committee of Circuit—Suspended by Governor
Rumbold, who summons the Zemindars to Madras—Transactions with Nizam Ali
respecting Guntoor—Censured by the Supreme Council—Governor Rumbold,
and other Members of the Government, condemned and punished by the Court of
Directors 421
CHAPTER V.
War with the French—Pondicherry taken—War with Hyder Ali—Presidency un-
prepared—Colonel Baillie's Detachment cut off—Supreme Council suspend the
Governor of Fort St. George, and send Sir Eyre Coote to Madras—Hyder takes
Arcot, and over-runs the greater Part of the Country—Lord Macartney, Governor
of Fort St George—Negapatnam and Trincomalee taken from the Dutch—
Treaty between the Nabob of Arcot and Supreme Council—Assignment of the
Nabob's Revenues—Tellicherry invested—Great Armaments sent from both
England and France—Disaster of Colonel Brathwaite's Detachment in Tanjore—
Madras reduced to a State of Famine—Death of Hyder Ali—Tippoo withdraws
the Mysorean Army from Carnatic—Operations and Fate of General Matthews,
on the Coast of Malabar—Siege of Mangalore—The General at Madras, refusing
to obey the civil Authority, is arrested and sent to Europe—French and English
suspend Hostilities in consequence of Intelligence of the Peace in Europe—Opera-
tions of Colonel Fullarton in Coimbetore—Peace with Tippoo—Behaviour of
Supreme Council to Presidency of Madrar 476
Financial Difficulties—Campaign of General Goddard on the Bombay Side of the
Mahratta Country—Attack on the Bengal Side—Peace with Scindia—Supreme
Court of Judicature—Efforts of the Supreme Court to extend its Jurisdiction—
Their Effects upon Individuals—Upon the Collection of the Revenue—Upon the
Administration of Justice—Interference of Parliament claimed—Granted—The
Chief Justice placed at the Head of the Sudder Duannee Adaulut—Chief Justice
recalled—Judicatorial and Police Regulations—Provincial Councils abolished,
and a new Board of Revenue set up 553
Journey of the Governor-General to the Upper Provinces—History of the Com-
pany's Connexions with the Rajah of Benares—Requisitions upon the Rajah—
Resolution to relieve the Company's Necessities by forcible Exaction on the Rajah
—The Governor General arrives at Benares—The Rajah put under Arrest—A
tumultuous Assemblage of the People—An Affray between them and the Soldiers
—The Rajah escapes—War made upon him, and the Country subdued—Condemnation of Mr. Hastings by the Directors—Double Negotiation with the
Mahrattas of Poonah—Treaty of Peace 590
Burdens sustained by the Nabob of Oude—His Complaints—How received by the
English—Mr. Bristow removed from Oude—Agreement between Mr. Hastings
and the Nabob—The Begums despoiled—Whether the Begums incited Insur-
rection—Alleged Oppressions of Colonel Hannay—The head Eunuchs of the
Begums tortured—A Present of ten Lacs given to Mr. Hastings by the Nabob—
Governor-General accuses Middleton, and replaces Bristow—Treatment received
by Fyzoolla Khan—Decision by the Court of Directors, relative to the Begums—
Set at nought by Mr. Hastings—Governor-General's new Accusations against Mr.
Bristow—Governor-General's Plan to remove the Residency from Oude—
Governor-General repeats his Visit to Oude—Resigns the Government—Financial
Results of his Administration—Incidents at Madras 62+
Legislative Proceedings from 1773 to 1780—Renewal of the Charter—Select and
Secret Committees of the House of Commons—Proceedings against Indian Delin-
quency—Mr. Dundas's East India Bill—Mr. Fox's East India Bills—Mr. Pitt's
East India Bill 685
